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Mušov

Coordinates:48°53′45″N16°35′59″E/ 48.89583°N 16.59972°E/48.89583; 16.59972
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Mušov
Cadastral areaand former village
Church of Saint Leonard of Noblac, the only remaining building left, standing on an island in the Věstonice Reservoir
Church of Saint Leonard of Noblac, the only remaining building left, standing on an island in theVěstonice Reservoir
Mušov is located in Czech Republic
Mušov
Mušov
Location in the Czech Republic
Coordinates:48°53′45″N16°35′59″E/ 48.89583°N 16.59972°E/48.89583; 16.59972
CountryCzech Republic
RegionSouth Moravian
DistrictBrno-Country
First mentioned1267
Area
• Total14.20 km2(5.48 sq mi)
Elevation
169 m (554 ft)
The so-called Mušov Cauldron, a Roman bronzecauldronfound in 1988 in a Germanic chieftain's grave in Mušov, dating to the 2nd century AD The cauldron is decorated by four cast heads of Germanic men wearing aSuebian knot hairstylethat are attached and serve as handles.[1]

Mušov(German:Muschau) is acadastral areaand a defunct village in the municipality ofPasohlávky,South Moravian Region,Czech Republic.It covers an area of 1,420 ha (3,500 acres).

Geography and history

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Mušov was the lowest-lying village in the Břeclav District. The village was destroyed despite the opposition of its inhabitants in the late 1970s, due to the decision of the thensocialist authoritiesto build theNové Mlýny reservoirsby flooding a uniqueecosystemof theriparian forestin the area around the riverThaya.[2]In 1976, the village was merged with the neighbouring municipality of Pasohlávky. The residents of Mušov could choose whether they wanted an apartment or to build a house in a newly built street in Pasohlávky. The village was flooded between 1981 and 1987.[3]The post office in Mušov was last opened on 30 June 1978.

Thanks to the efforts of conservationists, it was decided to preserve the medievalSt Leonard's church, now standing on a small island in the middle of theVěstonice Reservoir(the middle reservoir).[3]An archaeological survey has found that the church is much older than previously thought. St Leonard's church, originally a lateRomanesquebuilding dating from the late 12th century, was rebuilt inGothic stylein the 14th century. The dating of subsequentBaroquemodifications is not known. The abandoned island with the church is an importantbird nesting spotand a protected area listed in theecological networkNatura 2000.It is opened to public during the summer months.[4]

Thewine cellarslocated on the north of the dam along the west side of the road leading toPohořeliceremained completely intact.

Archeological site

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In the 2nd century AD, there used to be aRoman military settlementon the hill called Burgstall (today Hradisko), which is situated above the former village and above today's ATC Merkur camping at Pasohlávky. TheXth Roman legionwas supposed to be responsible for checking theGermanic tribesdefeated inMarcomannic Wars,during the reign of the EmperorMarcus Aurelius.The research on the site, located 80 km far fromVindobona(today'sVienna),[5]started in 1927. The researchers found remnants of two masonry buildings,praetoriumandbalneum( "bath" ), includinghypocaustum.[1]The foundings of bricks with the stamp of the Xth legion and coins from the period of the emperorsAntoninus Pius,Marcus Aurelius, andCommodusfacilitated dating of the locality. The youngest coins found in the area are from the era ofSeptimius Severus.[1]

In 1988, a richly equipped tomb of a Germanic chieftain,[6]apparently a Roman ally in the war, was found near to the hill.[1]Furthermore, there was found a Slavic burial and numerous archaeological discoveries from various periods ofprehistory.

The archaeological exhibition focusing on the ancient Roman presence in the area is situated in the ATC Merkur camping at Pasohlávky.[7]

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Panorama of Mušov with thePálava Protected Landscape Areain the background

References

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  1. ^abcdBeneš, Zdeňek."Mušov (okr. Břeclav)"(in Czech). Moravská archeologie (Masaryk University in Brno). Archived fromthe originalon 6 February 2006.Retrieved9 February2013.
  2. ^Smola, Vojtěch (9 December 2005)."Unikát Česka: nejvzácnější lesy Evropy pod hladinou".Mladá fronta DNES(in Czech). iDNES.Retrieved9 February2013.
  3. ^abŽidková, Klára (28 May 2012)."Věstonická nádrž pohltila osm set let starou ves".Brněnský deník(in Czech). denik.cz.Retrieved9 February2013.
  4. ^Klepáč, Vladimír (26 March 2012)."Mušovský kostelík zatím nebude zpřístupněn turistům. Kvůli ochraně přírody".ekolist.cz(in Czech). ekolist.cz. Archived fromthe originalon 2012-05-04.Retrieved9 February2013.
  5. ^"Hradisko u Mušova"(in Czech). Institute of Archaeology ofAcademy of Sciences of the Czech Republic.Retrieved9 February2013.
  6. ^Wells, Peter S. (July 2006). "Das Germanische Königsgrab von Mušov in Mähren (review)".American Journal of Archaeology.110(3): 527–529.doi:10.1086/AJS40024571.ISSN0002-9114.
  7. ^"Pasohlávky - archaeological exhibition on the Romans in ATC Mušov Mercury".South Moravia - Official Tourism Website.Retrieved9 February2013.

Literature

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  • Peška, J., ed. (1991).Královská hrobka z Mušova. Barbaři a Římané nad středním Dunajem v prvních dvou stoletích nového letopočtu(in Czech). Mikulov.{{cite book}}:CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
  • Kordiovský, Emil; et al. (2000).Mušov 1276-2000(in Czech).Znojmo:FPO Znojmo.
  • Šebela, Miroslav (2005).Živá voda pod Pálavou(in Czech).Moravské zemské muzeum.ISBN80-7028-247-9.
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