Municipalities and cities of Serbia
Municipalities and cities of Serbia Општине и градови Србије Opštine i gradovi Srbije | |
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![]() Municipalities and cities of Serbia | |
Category | Unitary state |
Location | Republic of Serbia |
Created by | Decree of 29 January 1992 |
Created |
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Number | 145 municipalities + 29 cities 117 municipalities + 28 cities (de facto,excluding Kosovo) (as of 2018) |
Populations | 1,063 (Crna Trava) – 1,681,405 (Belgrade) |
Areas | 2.87 km2(1.11 sq mi) (Vračar) – 3,235 km2(1,249 sq mi) (Belgrade) |
Government |
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Subdivisions |
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Themunicipalities and cities(Serbian:општине и градови,romanized:opštine i gradovi) are the second leveladministrative subdivisionsofSerbia.The country is divided into 145municipalities(Serbian:opštine,singular:opština;38 inSouthern and Eastern Serbia,42 inŠumadija and Western Serbia,37 inVojvodinaand 28 inKosovo and Metohija) and 29cities(Serbian Latin:gradovi,singular:grad;9 in Southern and Eastern Serbia, 10 in Šumadija and Western Serbia, 8 in Vojvodina and one in Kosovo and Metohija), forming the basic level oflocal government.[1][2]
Municipalities and cities are theadministrative unitsofSerbia,and they form 29districtsin groups, except the City ofBelgradewhich is not part of any district.
A city may and may not be divided intocity municipalities(Serbian:gradske opštine,singular:gradska opština) depending on their size. Currently, there are six cities in Serbia withcity municipalities:Belgrade,Novi Sad,Niš,Požarevac,UžiceandVranjecomprise several city municipalities each, divided into "urban" (in the city proper) and "other" (suburban). There are 30 city municipalities (17 in Belgrade, 5 in Niš, and 2 each in Novi Sad, Požarevac, Užice and Vranje).[3]
Definition
[edit]Municipalities and cities
[edit]- Municipalities
Like in many other countries, municipalities are the basic entities oflocal governmentin Serbia. The head of the municipality is thePresident of the municipality,while the executive power is held by theMunicipal council,and legislative power by theMunicipal assembly.Municipal assembly is elected on local elections (held every 4 years), while the President and the Council are elected by the Assembly. Municipalities have their own property (includingpublic servicecompanies) and budget. Only the cities officially havemayors(Serbian:gradonačelnici), although the municipal presidents are often informally referred to as such.
The territory of a municipality is composed of a town (seat of the municipality) and surrounding villages (e.g. the territory of theMunicipality of Čokais composed of the town ofČoka,which is the seat of the municipality, and surrounding villages). The municipality bears the name of the seat town. Only one municipality (Municipality of Gora) does not share the name with the seat town, as the seat of that municipality is the town ofDragaš.This municipality is located inKosovo,and thus exists only on paper. The territory of the municipality was merged with part of theMunicipality of Prizrenin 2000 byUNMIKto form newMunicipality of Dragaš.This move is not recognised bySerbian Government(seeMunicipalities and cities of Kosovosection).
Advocates of reform of Serbian local self-government system point out that Serbian municipalities (with 50,000 citizens in average) are the largest inEurope,both by territory and number of residents, and as such can be inefficient in handling citizens' needs and distributing the income from the country budget into most relevant projects.[4][5]
- Cities and city municipalities
Cities are another type of local self-government. The territory with thecitystatus usually has more than 100,000 inhabitants,[1]but is otherwise very similar to municipality. There are 27 cities (Serbian:gradovi,singular:grad), each having an assembly and budget of its own. Only the cities havemayors(Serbian Latin:gradonačelnici,singular:gradonačelnik), although the presidents of the municipalities are often referred to as "mayors" in everyday usage.
As with a municipality, the territory of a city is composed of a city proper and surrounding villages (e.g. the territory of the City of Subotica is composed of theSuboticatown and surrounding villages). Every city (and municipality) is part of adistrict.The exception is the capitalBelgrade,which is not part of any district.[6]
The city may or may not be divided intocity municipalities.Six cities:Belgrade,Novi Sad,Niš,Požarevac,UžiceandVranjecomprise several city municipalities. Competences of cities and these municipalities are divided. The municipalities of these cities also have their assemblies and other prerogatives. Two largest city municipalities by number of residents are theNovi Sad(307,760) andNew Belgrade(212,104).[7]
Of these six cities, only Novi Sad did not undergo the full transformation, as the newly formed municipality ofPetrovaradinexists pretty much only formally;[8]thus, the City municipality of Novi Sad is largely equated to city of Novi Sad. The city ofKragujevachad its own city municipalities from 2002 until 2008. In 2013, the city municipality ofSevojnowithin the city of Užice was established.[9]
Municipalities and cities of Kosovo
[edit]Serbian law still treatsKosovoas an integral part of Serbia (officially theAutonomous Province of Kosovo and Metohija), althoughKosovo declared independencein 2008. TheLaw on Territorial Organizationdefines 28 municipalities and 1 city on the territory of Kosovo.[1]Kosovo was under official United Nations' administration (UNMIK) from 1999 to 2008. The UNMIK administration changed the territorial organisation on the territory of Kosovo. In 2000 the municipality ofGorawas merged withOpolje(part of the Municipality ofPrizren) into the new municipality ofDragašand one new municipality was created:Mališevo.Later, from 2005 to 2008, seven new municipalities were created:Gračanica,Elez Han,Junik,Parteš,Klokot,RanilugandMamuša.[10]However, theGovernment of Serbiadoes not recognise the territorial re-organisation of Kosovo, although some of these new-formed municipalities have Serb majority, and some Serbs participate in local elections. In three of those municipalities: Gračanica, Klokot-Vrbovac and Ranilug, Serbian parties won a majority in the2009 elections.[11][12]
In theBrussels Agreement,in 2013, Serbia agreed to disband its parallel municipal institutions in Kosovo, while the authorities of Kosovo agreed on creation of theCommunity of Serb Municipalities.However, both parties acted slowly to put this agreement in power.[13][14]
List of municipalities
[edit]This is a list of the municipalities in Serbia, as defined by theLaw on territorial organisation[1]It does not include municipalities in Kosovo created byUNMIKafter 1999. The data on population is taken from the 2011 census.[7]
The census was not conducted in Kosovo, which is under administration of UNMIK, so the population numbers are not given for the municipalities in Kosovo.
List of cities and city municipalities
[edit]No.[15] | Crest | City | District | Crest | City municipality | Area [Km²] | Population |
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1 | ![]() |
Bor | Bor District | none | 856 | 48,615 | |
2 | ![]() |
Valjevo | Kolubara District | none | 905 | 90,312 | |
3 | ![]() |
Vranje | Pčinja District | Vranje | 860 | 83,524 | |
Vranjska Banja | |||||||
4 | ![]() |
Vršac | South Banat District | none | 1,324 | 52,026 | |
5 | ![]() |
Zaječar | Zaječar District | none | 1,069 | 59,461 | |
6 | ![]() |
Zrenjanin | Central Banat District | none | 1,324 | 123,362 | |
7 | ![]() |
Jagodina | Pomoravlje District | none | 470 | 71,852 | |
8 | ![]() |
Kikinda | North Banat District | none | 782 | 59,453 | |
9 | ![]() |
Kragujevac | Šumadija District | none | 835 | 179,417 | |
10 | ![]() |
Kraljevo | Raška District | none | 1,530 | 125,488 | |
11 | ![]() |
Kruševac | Rasina District | none | 854 | 128,752 | |
12 | ![]() |
Leskovac | Jablanica District | none | 1,025 | 144,206 | |
13 | ![]() |
Loznica | Mačva District | none | 612 | 79,327 | |
14 | ![]() |
Niš | Nišava District | ![]() |
Medijana | 16 | 85,969 |
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Niška Banja | 145 | 14,680 | ||||
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Palilula | 117 | 73,801 | ||||
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Pantelej | 142 | 53,486 | ||||
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Crveni Krst | 182 | 32,301 | ||||
15 | ![]() |
Novi Pazar | Raška District | none | 742 | 100,410 | |
16 | ![]() |
Novi Sad | South Bačka District | none | 702.7 | 368,967 | |
17 | ![]() |
Pančevo | South Banat District | none | 759 | 123,414 | |
18 | ![]() |
Pirot | Pirot District | none | 1,232 | 57,928 | |
19 | ![]() |
Požarevac | Braničevo District | Požarevac | 482 | 75,334 | |
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Kostolac | ||||||
20 | ![]() |
Priština | Kosovo District | none | 854 | ||
21 | ![]() |
Prokuplje | Toplica District | none | 759 | 44,419 | |
22 | ![]() |
Smederevo | Podunavlje District | none | 484 | 108,209 | |
23 | ![]() |
Sombor | West Bačka District | none | 1,178 | 85,903 | |
24 | ![]() |
Sremska Mitrovica | Srem District | none | 762 | 79,940 | |
25 | ![]() |
Subotica | North Bačka District | none | 1,008 | 141,554 | |
26 | ![]() |
Užice | Zlatibor District | Užice | 667 | 78,040 | |
Sevojno | |||||||
27 | ![]() |
Čačak | Moravica District | none | 636 | 115,337 | |
28 | ![]() |
Šabac | Mačva District | none | 795 | 115,884 | |
special status |
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Belgrade | none | ![]() |
Barajevo | 213 | 27,110 |
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Čukarica | 155 | 181,231 | ||||
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Grocka | 289 | 83,907 | ||||
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Lazarevac | 384 | 58,622 | ||||
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Mladenovac | 339 | 53,096 | ||||
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Novi Beograd | 41 | 214,506 | ||||
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Obrenovac | 411 | 72,524 | ||||
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Palilula | 447 | 173,521 | ||||
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Rakovica | 29 | 108,641 | ||||
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Savski Venac | 16 | 39,122 | ||||
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Sopot | 271 | 20,367 | ||||
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Stari Grad | 7 | 48,450 | ||||
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Surčin | 285 | 43,819 | ||||
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Voždovac | 150 | 158,213 | ||||
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Vračar | 3 | 56,333 | ||||
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Zemun | 154 | 168,170 | ||||
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Zvezdara | 31 | 151,808 |
See also
[edit]- Administrative divisions of Serbia
- Districts of Serbia
- Cities and towns in Serbia
- Cities, towns and villages in Vojvodina
- Populated places of Serbia
- Municipalities of Kosovo
References
[edit]- ^abcd"Закон о територијалној организацији Републике Србије"[Law on the Territorial Organisation of the Republic of Serbia].Службени гласник Републике Србије(129): 3–41. 2007.ISSN0353-8389.
"Закон о изменама и допунама Закона о територијалној организацији Републике Србије"[Law on the Amendment of the Law on the Territorial Organisation of the Republic of Serbia].Службени гласник Републике Србије(18): 32–34. 2016.ISSN0353-8389. - ^"Pirot, Kikinda i Vršac dobili status grada"[Pirot, Kikinda and Vršac Awarded City Status].B92.29 February 2016.Retrieved5 March2016.
- ^ab"2011 Census of Population, Households and Dwellings in the Republic of Serbia"(PDF).Statistical Office of the Republic of Serbia.ISSN0354-3641.Retrieved21 November2011.
- ^Jerinić, Jelena (2006-12-01)."Konkretni oblici učešća građana"(PDF).Lokalna samouprava(in Serbian). Permanent conference of cities and municipalities/Vreme.p. 6. Archived fromthe original(PDF)on March 10, 2007.Retrieved2007-07-31.
- ^"Local Communities in Serbia: How to Become an Effective Voice for Citizens".USAID/Serbia Local Government Report Program. 2004-07-01. p. 4. Archived fromthe original(pdf)on 2011-07-27.Retrieved2007-07-31.
- ^"Уредба о управним окрузима"[Regulation on Administrative Districts].Службени гласник Републике Србије(15): 3–6. 2006.ISSN0353-8389.
- ^abComparative overview of the number of population in 1948, 1953, 1961, 1971, 1981, 1991, 2002 and 2011,pod2.stat.gov.rs; accessed 15 October 2016.
- ^Mijušković, Miroljub (13 August 2012)."Petrovaradin traži pravu opštinu".politika.rs(in Serbian).Retrieved22 March2017.
- ^"ОДЛУКА О ИЗМЕНАМА И ДОПУНАМА СТАТУТА ГРАДА УЖИЦА"(PDF).graduzice.org(in Serbian). Службени лист града Ужица. Archived fromthe original(PDF)on 4 March 2016.Retrieved22 March2017.
- ^"Municipal profiles".Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe.
- ^"UNMIK: Serb boycott creates new problems".B92. 22 November 2007. Archived fromthe originalon 8 June 2011.Retrieved4 December2009.
- ^"Srbima većina u tri opštine"(in Serbian). B92. 16 November 2009.Retrieved4 December2009.
- ^"Kosovo Accuses Serbia of Delaying Brussels Agreement".Balkan Insight.24 March 2015.Retrieved4 May2015.
- ^Morina, Die (21 November 2016)."Kosovo Stalls on Serbian Municipal Association".balkaninsight.BIRN.Retrieved19 March2017.
- ^abAs given in the Law, inSerbian Cyrillicorder
- Municipalities of Serbia 2008,Statistical Office of Serbia, issued January 2009,ISSN1452-4856(Public Domain, seetemplate:PD-SerbiaGov)