Mundari Bani
Mundari Bani 𞓧𞓟𞓨𞓜𞓕𞓣𞓚 𞓗𞓕𞓨𞓚 | |
---|---|
![]() 'Mundari' in Mundari Bani Script | |
Script type | |
Creator | Rohidas Singh Nag |
Created | 1982 |
Time period | 1982 to present |
Direction | Left to Right |
Region | Odisha,Jharkhand,West Bengal,Assam(India) |
Languages | Mundari |
Related scripts | |
Parent systems | Original invention
|
ISO 15924 | |
ISO 15924 | Nagm(295),Nag Mundari |
Unicode | |
Unicode alias | Nag Mundari |
U+1E4D0–U+1E4FFNag Mundari |
![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/MundariLanguageScript.jpg/220px-MundariLanguageScript.jpg)
Mundari Bani(Mundari:𞓧𞓟𞓨𞓜𞓕𞓣𞓚 𞓗𞓕𞓨𞓚Mundari Bani'Mundari Alpha bet', also known asMundari Bani HisirHisir'writing',Nag Mundari𞓨𞓕𞓦 𞓧𞓟𞓨𞓜𞓕𞓣𞓚,or theMundari Alpha bet) is the writing system created for theMundari language,spoken in eastern India. Mundari is anAustroasiaticlanguage. Mundari Bani has 27 letters and five diacritics, the forms of which are intended to evoke natural shapes. The script is written fromleft to right.
Community elder and authorRohidas Singh Naginvented and published in late 1980 theAlpha beticwriting system Mundari Bani, which has seen limited but increasing use in literature, education, and computing.
History
[edit]Rohidas Singh Nagstarted designing the initial characters of Mundari bani in 1949 while in grade school, which he wrote on the walls using clay.[1][2]By 1953 he had finished a set of 35 characters. He further simplified the Alpha bet in 1980 by reducing it to 27 Alpha betical characters. In 2008 Bharat Munda Samaj, Mundari Samaj Sanwar Jamda and Nag reformed the script in styling and adding glyphs. Since then, fonts were developed using this standard.
![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3b/Rohidas-Singh-Nag.jpg/220px-Rohidas-Singh-Nag.jpg)
Nag presented the Alpha bet in the 1980s to then-Chief Minister of OdishaJanaki Ballabh Patnaikand submitted a memorandum to recognize the Munda language constitutionally. Nag along with others submitted a memorandum to the thenpresident of Indiain 1999 appealing again for the constitutional recognition. "Mundari Samaj Sanwar Jamda", a social organisation of the Munda community based in Poda Astia,Mayurbhanjhas been demanding to incorporate theMunda languagein theEighth Schedule to the Constitution of India,to airMunda languagethroughAll India Radio,and establish aMunda languagedepartment atNorth Odisha Universityfor higher studies on the basis of the writing system and literature.[3]The writing system has seen limited but increasing use in literature, education, and computing.
The script
[edit]Since the 2008 edits, Mundari Bani has 27 Alpha betical characters, five diacritics, ten (decimal) digits. Their names follow traditional names. It uses Latin-script punctuation like period and comma.[2]
Sample text
[edit]The following text is Article 1 of theUniversal Declaration of Human Rights,written in Mundari Bani (a suitable Unicode font may be required for proper viewing):[4]
𞓝𞓐𞓨𞓐𞓗-𞓱:
𞓛𞓐𞓗𞓤𞓨 𞓞𞓐𞓪𞓐 𞓢𞓐𞓢𞓤𞓮 𞓧𞓕𞓨𞓕𞓣𞓔 𞓐𞓜𞓐𞓙 𞓐𞓢𞓝𞓚𞓓𞓕𞓣 𞓢𞓐𞓣𞓤𞓓𞓕𞓦 𞓑𞓕𞓚𞓝𞓚 𞓗𞓕𞓗𞓐𞓝 𞓣𞓤 𞓖𞓐𞓨𞓐𞓧 𞓖𞓐𞓣𞓐𞓔𞓤𞓝𞓤 𞓕𞓡𞓕𞓨𞓕𞓡 𞓐𞓜𞓐𞓦 𞓗𞓐𞓣𞓕𞓗𞓐𞓣𞓚 𞓨𞓕𞓧𞓕𞓢𞓕𞓨𞓕. 𞓚𞓨𞓢𞓟𞓦𞓢𞓤 𞓛𞓤𞓥𞓕 𞓐𞓜𞓐𞓦 𞓖𞓚𞓮𞓭 𞓑𞓤𞓪𞓤𞓦 𞓖𞓚𞓭𞓟𞓣𞓤𞓓𞓕𞓙 𞓤𞓨𞓤𞓧𞓢𞓐 𞓨𞓕𞓧𞓕𞓢𞓕𞓨𞓕 𞓐𞓜𞓐𞓙 𞓚𞓨𞓢𞓟𞓙 𞓒𞓐𞓙𞓝𞓤 𞓞𞓕𞓦𞓤𞓓𞓕 𞓗𞓐𞓓𞓕 𞓒𞓤𞓢𞓕 𞓖𞓕𞓦𞓕𞓣 𞓗𞓕𞓢𞓕𞓝𞓚𞓘𞓕𞓙.
Unicode
[edit]The Mundari Bani Alpha bet was added to theUnicodeStandard in September, 2022 with the release of version 15.0.[5] The Unicode block is called Nag Mundari (U+1E4D0–U+1E4FF):
Nag Mundari[1][2] Official Unicode Consortium code chart(PDF) | ||||||||||||||||
0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | A | B | C | D | E | F | |
U+1E4Dx | 𞓐 | 𞓑 | 𞓒 | 𞓓 | 𞓔 | 𞓕 | 𞓖 | 𞓗 | 𞓘 | 𞓙 | 𞓚 | 𞓛 | 𞓜 | 𞓝 | 𞓞 | 𞓟 |
U+1E4Ex | 𞓠 | 𞓡 | 𞓢 | 𞓣 | 𞓤 | 𞓥 | 𞓦 | 𞓧 | 𞓨 | 𞓩 | 𞓪 | 𞓫 | 𞓬 | 𞓭 | 𞓮 | 𞓯 |
U+1E4Fx | 𞓰 | 𞓱 | 𞓲 | 𞓳 | 𞓴 | 𞓵 | 𞓶 | 𞓷 | 𞓸 | 𞓹 | ||||||
Notes |
References
[edit]- ^Know Your State West Bengal.Arihant Experts. 22 August 2019. p. 272.ISBN9789313198017.
- ^abWolf-Sonkin, Lawrence; Mandal, Biswajit (8 January 2021)."L2/21-031: Proposal to Encode the Mundari Bani Script in the Universal Character Set"(PDF).Retrieved10 May2021.
- ^"page no.96, Adivasi, A Journal of Scheduled Castes & Scheduled Tribes Research and Training Institute (SCSTRTI)"(PDF).Archived fromthe original(PDF)on 8 November 2016.
- ^"Mundari Bani Alphabet".Omniglot.Retrieved30 January2023.
- ^The Unicode Standard(PDF).15.0.0. The Unicode Consortium. 2022.ISBN978-1-936213-32-0.