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National Arena League
Most recent season or competition:
2024 National Arena League season
SportArena football
Founded2016
First season2017
CommissionerTodd Walkenhorst
No. of teams9
Country
  • United States
HeadquartersAtlanta, Georgia
Most recent
champion(s)		Omaha Beef(1st title)
Most titlesJacksonville Sharks(3 titles)
Related
competitions		AFL,IFL,TAL
Official websitenationalarenaleague

TheNational Arena League(NAL) is a professionalindoor footballleague that began play in 2017. As of the end of the 2024 season, the league consists of five teams.

A team's typical payroll budget is $600,000 per season,[1]but as of 2022 season, there's no salary cap limit.[2]Players are usually paid $200 per week (before taxes), and veterans can make $225 with the potential raises for loyalty on a year-by-year basis. Additionally, $50 bonus is given to players on the winning team each week.[3]Some teams also provide housing for their players during the season.

Teams' estimated annual revenue is between $500,000 to $800,000 a year.[4]

History[edit]

Origins[edit]

In June 2016,Columbus Lions' owner Skip Seda and father Keke Seda founded a league called the Arena Developmental League (ADL) in the wake of several years ofminorindoor leagues folding. The league was announced to begin play in March 2017 and, while not affiliated with any other leagues, intended on developing players to be looked at by scouts in theArena Football League(AFL),Canadian Football League(CFL), andNational Football League(NFL). In their introductory press conference, the league announced former AFL,af2,and CFL head coachJohn Gregoryas its first commissioner and former AFL and af2 head coachChris Siegfriedas director of football operations.

Charter teams began being announced in July 2016 with the Columbus Lions andLehigh Valley Steelhawksjoining from the defunctAmerican Indoor Football.[5][6]On July 21, theHigh Country Grizzliesannounced their ADL membership after initially being announced as an AIFexpansion team.[7]On August 11, theDayton Wolfpackwere announced as the league's fourth team.[8]On September 13, the ADL added theGeorgia Firebirdsfrom the AIF as the fifth team.[9]On September 21, the league announced its sixth team to be fromHighland Heights, Kentucky,owned by Northern Kentucky Professional Indoor Football LLC headed by W. Leland Bennett III. Bennett was one of the owners of theNorthern Kentucky Nightmare,a travel team that played in the AIF the previous season, but no name for the ADL team was announced and the franchise was removed from the league when the league later changed names. In October, the ADL added the Anderson Gladiators fromAnderson, South Carolina,but they were removed from the league in November due to arena lease issues.[10]On October 17, theCorpus Christi Rageannounced it had joined the ADL (although the ADL did not confirm until October 28).[11]On October 20, the ADL announced that theFort Myers area-basedFlorida Tarponswere joining the league.[12]However, the Tarpons would also withdraw from the league on November 10 to join the upstartArena Pro Football.

National Arena League: first seasons[edit]

2017 season[edit]

Main article:2017 National Arena League season

On November 18, 2016, the league announced it had changed its name to National Arena League. As part of the change in name, the league management was also restructured so that it was no longer managed by Lions' owner Skip Seda, but was instead managed by all member teams equally. Later that day, the league added a formerArena Football Leagueteam, theJacksonville Sharks.On November 30, the league added theMonterrey SteelfromMonterrey, Nuevo León, Mexico,becoming the first American indoor/arena league to house a Mexican team as well as the first in fifteen years to house a team from outside the United States.[13]In order to satisfy the Sharks' contract with their arena, they were given eight home games in the 12-game season. To balance the uneven scheduling, the Corpus Christi Rage and Dayton Wolfpack each only were given five home games while the other five teams each had six. This was changed again when the Wolfpack apparently never were able to secure an arena lease, despite announcing they would play at theNutter Centerand signed players were reporting on social media that all players had been cut. As of February 20, 2017, all Wolfpack home games were canceled.[14]During the season, the league took over operations of the Firebirds,[15]Rage, and Wolfpack. The Sharks would go on to finish with an 11–1 record and win the inaugural championship game over the Lions. The Rage and Wolfpack folded at the end of the season.

During the first season, the league announced the first 2018 expansion team in theJersey FlightofTrenton, New Jersey.[16]During the summer league meetings, the NAL conditionally approved ownership groups inBoston,Providence,Richmond,andOrlando[17]with an expansion application deadline of August 15, 2017. TheRichmond Roughriders,formerly ofArena Pro Football,confirmed the next day that they were finalizing their NAL expansion requirements.[18]However, on September 13, the Roughriders announced they were joining theAmerican Arena Leagueinstead.

2018 season[edit]

On September 28, 2017, the NAL announced on their Facebook page that the Jacksonville Sharks, Lehigh Valley Steelhawks, Columbus Lions, and Jersey Flight had all signed three-year NAL membership agreements and committed to play in the league until 2020. The Monterrey Steel could not commit for 2018 citing the2017 Central Mexico earthquake.The Georgia Firebirds could not commit due to an ownership transition, but failed to obtain an arena lease. Despite the initially announced August 15 deadline, the next confirmed expansion team was announced in November as theMassachusetts Piratesbased out ofWorcester, Massachusetts.In the expansion announcement, the league also mentioned adding teams inGreensboro, North Carolina,andPortland, Maine,but no mention of the other previously conditionally approved teams in Boston, Providence, or Orlando.[19]TheCarolina Cobraswere announced in Greensboro on December 4 and theMaine Mammothson December 5, with both teams owned by National Sports Ventures, and organization led by NAL executive Rob Storm and Atlanta businessman Richard Maslia[20]and includes Sharks' owner and expansion chairman Jeff Bouchy.[21]The Monterrey Steel and the expansion Jersey Flight would be removed from the league for failing to meet the minimum league obligations prior to the release of the 2018 schedule.[22]

In October 2017, commissioner Gregory stepped down and was replaced by the director of operations, Chris Siegfried.[23]The 2018 season began on April 7, 2018. All three expansion teams fared well, with the Cobras winning the league championship, the Pirates finishing the regular season in first place, and the Mammoths ending the season on a five-game winning streak. However, the Lehigh Valley Steelhawks finished the season winless and the owner announced he was trying to sell the team, while the Mammoths were also announced as looking for local ownership.

2019 season[edit]

The league announced its first addition of the 2019 season in theNew York Streetswith plans to play at theWestchester County CenterinWhite Plains, New York,in December 2018.[24][25][26][27]A revivedOrlando Predatorsteam, owned and coached by players from the formerArena Football League team of the same name,was added on January 17, 2019.[28]After failing to reach an agreement with local ownership, both the Lehigh Valley Steelhawks and Maine Mammoths announced they had suspended operations for the season.[29][30]Prior to the 2019 season, Sharks' majority owner and NAL expansion chairman Jeff Bouchy resigned and sold his interest in the team to the other owners on March 11, 2019.[31]The Sharks won the 2019 NAL championship.[32]

2020–present[edit]

2020[edit]

Following the season, the NAL announced it had partnered withChampions Indoor Football(CIF) to create a new league for the 2020 season under a new identity with two conferences: the CIF and NAL.[33]The Massachusetts Pirates chose to not join the merged league[34]and the New York Streets were not mentioned as an included team. However, it was announced on October 10 that the deal had been postponed, with both leagues playing their own individual schedules in 2020.[35]The Pirates rejoined the NAL and the league then added two teams that had originally been given conditional approval to join in the 2018 season, theJersey Flight[36]and theWest Virginia Roughriders[37](then known as the Richmond Roughriders), from theAmerican Arena League.As with almost all other sports leagues, the NAL suspended operations during theCOVID-19 pandemic,with intention to hold the season oncesocial distancingmandates were lifted and it was safe to do so. The season was fully canceled by June 12, 2020.[38]

2021 season[edit]

Following the cancellation of the 2020 season, Massachusetts Pirates left for theIndoor Football League(IFL), while the NAL announced the additions of theAlbany Empire,[39]Baltimore Lightning,[40]Louisville Xtreme,[41]Ontario Bandits,[42]and theTampa Bay Tornadoes.[43]The Baltimore franchise membership was revoked less than three weeks after being announced. The Louisville and Tampa Bay organizations left the league three months after being added, and theWest Virginia Roughridersopted to go dormant for 2021 while the owner was trying to sell the team.[44]Louisville instead joined the IFL.[45]The start of the 2021 season was delayed to at least May 2021 due to the ongoing restrictions in the pandemic.[46]One week before the start of the 2021 season, the Ontario Bandits went dormant.[47]

2022 season[edit]

Main article:2022 National Arena League season

For the2022 season,the league announced it was going to start playing usingironman rules,where most players must play both offense and defense, as originally used by theArena Football Leaguefrom 1987 to 2007.[48]In October 2021, the Roughriders stated they will not return to the NAL during a dispute with the league contract,[49][50]but were then in discussions with selling the team to the ownership group led by Ron Trideco to keep the team in the NAL.[51]On November 11, the league announced theSan Antonio Gunslingersas an expansion team after playing their inaugural 2021 season in the AAL.[52]The Roughriders, Ontario Bandits, and Jersey Flight were eventually removed from the list of 2022 NAL teams[53][54]and were not included in the schedule.[55]

2023 season[edit]

Main article:2023 National Arena League season

On July 14, 2022, the league announced its first addition for the 2023 season inFayetteville, North Carolina,later named theFayetteville Mustangs.[56]At halftime of the 2022 NAL championship, the league announced theWest Texas WarbirdsfromOdessa, Texas,would be joining the league for 2023. On August 24, 2022, the league announced the return of rebound nets, which had been popularized by the Arena Football League.[57]On December 22, the membership of theColumbus Lionswas discontinued and the team left the league.[58]

Due to various financial problems, both the Albany Empire and Fayetteville Mustangs were removed the league schedule during the season.

The Sharks won the 2023 NAL championship.[59]

2024 season[edit]

Main article:2024 National Arena League season

In August 2023, the league announced it had added theOmaha Beef[60]andSioux City Bandits[61]fromChampions Indoor Footballfor the 2024 season. On August 22, 2023, theJacksonville Sharksannounced they were joining theIndoor Football League(IFL).[62]The league added the expansionColorado Spartans,based out ofLoveland, Colorado,on August 31.[63]Also on August 31, the Warbirds, which had been renamed as theWest Texas Desert Hawks,were announced as joining the relaunchedArena Football League.[64]On September 14, theTopeka Tropicsalso joined the NAL from the CIF.[65]On September 21, the two-timeAmerican West Football ConferencechampionsIdaho Horsemenjoined the NAL.[66]On September 26, the San Antonio Gunslingers were announced as also joining the IFL.[67]The next day, theNorth Texas Bullsannounced their membership in the NAL.[68]On October 16, theOklahoma Flying Aceswere as announced as the eighth and final team for the 2024 NAL season.[69]The NAL, however, terminated the North Texas Bulls' membership on February 16, 2024 due to "failure to pay league dues as well as failure to provide an executed arena lease for the upcoming 2024 season."[70]The announcement came one day after the NAL revoked the Topeka Tropics' membership "due to violations of their League Affiliation Agreement, including failure to pay league dues and meeting other criteria to participate in the upcoming 2024 season". The NAL stated it is in discussions with new ownership as it tries to keep a Topeka team part of the 2024 season.[71]The Tropics put out an open letter begging members of the Topeka business community to buy and save the franchise.[72]On February 28, 2024, the league terminated the Tropics membership.[73]

2025 season[edit]

On June 21, 2024, theWheeling Miners,formerly of theAmerican Arena League,joined the NAL for the 2025 season.[74]On July 9, 2024, the league announced a merger withAmerican Indoor Footballand added theCorpus Christi TritonsandHarrisburg Stampedeand welcomed back theColumbus Lions.[75]

Teams[edit]

Map of teams[edit]

class=notpageimage|
NAL team locations

Current members[edit]

Team Location Arena Capacity Founded Joined Head coach
Carolina Cobras Greensboro, North Carolina Greensboro Coliseum Complex 12,000 2017 2018 Brandon Negron
Colorado Spartans Loveland, Colorado Blue Arena 7,500 2023 2024 Fred Shaw
Columbus Lions Columbus, Georgia Columbus Civic Center 7,573 2006[a] 2017, 2025[b] Damian Daniels
Corpus Christi Tritons Corpus Christi, Texas American Bank Center 10,000 2023[c] 2025 Bradly Chavez
Harrisburg Stampede Harrisburg, Pennsylvania Pennsylvania Farm Show Complex & Expo Center 7,600 2008[d] 2025 Bernie Nowotarski
Idaho Horsemen Nampa, Idaho Ford Idaho Center 12,279 2018[e] 2024 Chris Reynolds
Omaha Beef Omaha, Nebraska Liberty First Credit Union Arena 4,600 2000[f] 2024 Mike Tatum
Sioux City Bandits Sioux City, Iowa Tyson Events Center 6,941 2000[g] 2024 Erv Strohbeen
Wheeling Miners Wheeling, West Virginia WesBanco Arena 5,406 2024[h] 2025 Josh Resignalo
  1. ^In theWorld Indoor Football League.
  2. ^Team played the first five seasons of the NAL, then was sold to new ownership in the 2022 offseason and the league subsequently discontinued their membership.[76]Rejoined when the AIF merged into the NAL.
  3. ^InAmerican Indoor Football.
  4. ^In theAmerican Indoor Football Association.
  5. ^In theAmerican West Football Conference.
  6. ^In theIndoor Professional Football League.
  7. ^In the originalIndoor Football League.
  8. ^InAmerican Indoor Football,but joined theAmerican Arena Leagueprior to their inaugural season.

Former members[edit]

Team Location Joined Departed Notes
Albany Empire Albany, New York 2021 2023 League membership terminated due to non-payment of league dues. OwnerAntonio Brownwas also fined for conduct detrimental to the league, a fine included with league dues, and Brown failed to pay that fine.[77]
Anderson Gladiators Anderson, South Carolina Never played Announced as a team for the ADL's inaugural 2017 season, but were later removed by the league. Anderson subsequently announced plans to joinSupreme Indoor Football,but never played a game.
Baltimore Lightning Baltimore, Maryland Never played Announced as a 2021 expansion team, but league terminated franchise two weeks later when team failed to post required Letter of Credit.[78]
Corpus Christi Rage Corpus Christi, Texas 2017 Team operations were assumed by the league after four games, with operations ceased at conclusion of the season.[79]
Dayton Wolfpack Traveling team 2017 Originally intended to play inDayton, Ohio;the original team operators failed to secure an arena lease. League ran the team as a traveling team for other team's home games using various semi-professional units based out of Georgia during the 2017 season.
Fayetteville Mustangs Fayetteville, North Carolina 2022 2023 Joined as an expansion team for the 2023 season, but withdrew during the season after playing eight games.[80]
Florida Tarpons Estero, Florida Never played Joined ADL on October 20, 2016, after playing inAmerican Indoor Football(AIF). Subsequently announced they had joinedArena Pro Footballfor 2017 instead but never played a game.
Georgia Firebirds Albany, Georgia 2017 Joined the ADL after playing inAmerican Indoor Football.League assumed operations during 2017 season. After the season, the league announced that the team was changing ownership but could not commit to the 2018 season until the new ownership obtained a new arena lease. In November 2017, the Firebirds were removed as league members.
High Country Grizzlies Boone, North Carolina 2017 Originally an AIF expansion team, one of the first ADL teams announced. Left after 2017 for the newly formedAmerican Arena League.[81]
Jacksonville Sharks Jacksonville, Florida 2017 2023 One of the NAL's founding members in 2017 that joined from theArena Football League.Left for theIndoor Football Leagueafter winning the 2023 NAL championship.
Jersey Flight Trenton, New Jersey 2020 2021 An announced 2018 expansion team that was removed from the league prior to the release of the 2018 schedule. Team then joined theAmerican Arena League.Under new ownership, the NAL announced the team as a member for the 2020 season. The team ceased operations prior to the 2022 season.[82]
Lehigh Valley Steelhawks Allentown, Pennsylvania 2017 2018 One of the first two teams announced in the ADL and then played the first two NAL seasons. The team suspended operations after the ownership failed to find a buyer to operate the team for the 2019 season.
Louisville Xtreme Louisville, Kentucky Never played Announced by the NAL as a 2021 expansion team, but league membership was terminated three months later. The team then joined theIndoor Football Leaguea week later, but folded a few weeks weeks into the season.[44][83]
Maine Mammoths Portland, Maine 2018 Established along with the Carolina Cobras for the 2018 season by National Sports Ventures, a company that included league expansion chairman and Jacksonville Sharks owner Jeff Bouchy, NAL executive Rob Storm, and Atlanta businessman Richard Maslia. After failing to secure local ownership, the Mammoths suspended operations before the 2019 season. In September 2019, the league announced it is finalizing the process for the Mammoths to return in 2020[84]but never made it on the 2020 schedule.
Massachusetts Pirates Worcester, Massachusetts 2018 2020 Announced by the NAL as a 2018 expansion team. The team entered the league with a three-year league affiliation agreement. Not offered another three-year membership agreement before the 2021 season[85]after the team was openly looking to join other leagues.[86]The Pirates joined theIndoor Football Leaguefor the 2021 season.
Monterrey Steel Monterrey, Nuevo Leon 2017 Played the inaugural 2017 season as an expansion team; could not commit to the 2018 season and were removed from the league.
New York Streets White Plains, New York 2019 Announced by the NAL as a 2019 expansion team. Played on an undersized field at theWestchester County Centerwhere, among other things, the lockers of players of the visiting Carolina Cobras were robbed during a game. Ceased operations afterward.
North Texas Bulls Fort Worth, Texas Never played Joined NAL in September 2023 after being a member of theArena Football Association,however, membership was revoked on February 16, 2024.
Northern Kentucky Highland Heights, Kentucky Never played An unnamed team created from the former travel-only team, theNorthern Kentucky Nightmare,that played in the AIF in 2016 and was initially announced as an inaugural ADL team. Team was removed when the ADL changed names to the NAL.
Ontario Bandits Ontario, California Never played Announced as a 2021 expansion team, but then went dormant for the season. Not listed as a member for the 2022 season.[53][87]
Oklahoma Flying Aces Enid, Oklahoma 2024 Joined from theChampions Indoor Footballmerger in 2023. The team terminated their season after four games after announcing ownership restructuring.
Orlando Predators Orlando, Florida 2019 2023 Started as an expansion team in 2019 named for the formerArena Football Leagueteam. Joined the third incarnation of theAFLfor 2024.
San Antonio Gunslingers San Antonio, Texas 2022 2023 Joined from theAmerican Arena Leaguefor the 2022 season. Joined theIndoor Football Leaguefor the 2024 season.
Tampa Bay Tornadoes Tampa, Florida Never played Announced as a 2021 expansion team, but the league terminated the team's membership three months later.[44]The organization re-joined theAmerican Arena League.
Topeka Tropics Topeka, Kansas Never played Joined NAL in 2023 after being a member ofChampions Indoor Football,however, membership was revoked on February 28, 2024.[88]
West Texas Warbirds Odessa, Texas 2023 Started as an expansion team in 2020 and was to have played withChampions Indoor Footballbefore theCOVID-19 pandemicscrapped those plans. Joined the NAL for one season in 2023, then joined the third incarnation of theArena Football Leaguefor 2024 and were rebranded theWest Texas Desert Hawks.
West Virginia Roughriders Wheeling, West Virginia Never played Announced as a 2020 expansion team that previously played in theAmerican Arena League.Team suspended operations due to onset of COVID-19 pandemic. Listed as dormant member thorough the 2020 and 2021 seasons, but left the league prior to 2022 season due to a financial dispute with the NAL having never played a game.

Timeline[edit]

Wheeling MinersHarrisburg StampedeCorpus Christi TritonsSioux City BanditsOmaha BeefOklahoma Flying AcesIdaho HorsemenColorado SpartansWest Texas WarbirdsFayetteville MustangsSan Antonio Gunslingers (indoor football)Albany Empire (NAL)Jersey FlightOrlando Predators (NAL)New York StreetsMassachusetts PiratesMaine MammothsCarolina Cobras (NAL)Monterrey SteelLehigh Valley SteelhawksJacksonville SharksHigh Country GrizzliesGeorgia FirebirdsDayton WolfpackCorpus Christi RageColumbus Lions

Championships[edit]

Year Champion
(Record in Championship Games)		 Runner-up
(Record in Championship Games)		 Game Site
(Games Hosted)		 Score Notes Attendance
2017 Jacksonville Sharks(1–0) Columbus Lions(0–1)[89] Jacksonville Veterans Memorial Arena 27–21[90] 9,730
2018 Carolina Cobras(1–0) Columbus Lions (0–2)[91] Greensboro Coliseum Complex 66–8[92]
2019 Jacksonville Sharks (2–0) Carolina Cobras (1–1) Jacksonville Veterans Memorial Arena(2) 52–48[93]
2020 Season cancelled due to theCOVID-19 pandemic
2021 Albany Empire(1–0)[94] Columbus Lions (0–3) MVP Arena 79–62[95] 4,014
2022 Albany Empire (2–0)[96] Carolina Cobras (1–2) MVP Arena(2) 47–20[97] 4,281
2023 Jacksonville Sharks (3–0) Carolina Cobras (1–3) Jacksonville Veterans Memorial Arena(3) 54–45[98] 8,539
2024 Omaha Beef(1–0) Sioux City Bandits(0–1) Liberty First Credit Union Arena 47–46 2OT

Commissioners[edit]

References[edit]

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  2. ^"Interview Series; with NAL Commissioner Chris Siegfried".YouTube.
  3. ^"Kenny McEntyre revives Orlando Predators in National Arena League".January 17, 2019.
  4. ^"EXCLUSIVE: Albany Empire's Ousting: The Inside Story with Antonio Brown And National Arena League".xflnewshub.June 21, 2023.
  5. ^Lions owner Seda establishes new Arena Developmental LeagueArchivedJuly 9, 2016, at theWayback Machine,Dana Barker,Columbus Ledger-Inquirer,July 7, 2016
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  61. ^"NAL ANNOUNCES SIOUX CITY BANDITS AS EXPANSION FRANCHISE".National Arena League.August 8, 2023.
  62. ^"IFL ADDS JACKSONSVILLE SHARKS".Indoor Football League.August 22, 2023.
  63. ^"Colorado Spartans Expansion Team Joins the NAL for 2024".NAL.August 31, 2023.
  64. ^"Arena Football League announces that the West Texas Desert Hawks will be the newest franchise".NewsWest9.August 31, 2023.
  65. ^"NATIONAL ARENA LEAGUE EXPANSION CONTINUES IN KANSAS".NAL.September 14, 2023.
  66. ^"IDAHO REVEALED AS THE NEXT NAL FRANCHISE TO JOIN IN 2024".NAL.September 21, 2023.
  67. ^"IFL ADDS SAN ANTONIO GUNSLINGERS".Indoor Football League.September 26, 2023.
  68. ^"NORTH TEXAS BULLS READY TO RUN WITH THE NAL FOR 2024".NAL.September 27, 2023.
  69. ^"OKLAHOMA ACES JOIN THE NAL FOR THE 2024 SEASON".NAL.October 16, 2023.
  70. ^"NAL BOARD TERMINATES NORTH TEXAS BULLS MEMBERSHIP".National Arena League.February 17, 2024.RetrievedFebruary 19,2024.
  71. ^Lovergine, Vince (February 15, 2024)."Topeka Tropics National Arena League membership revoked".WIBW.RetrievedFebruary 19,2024.
  72. ^Self, Matthew (February 22, 2024)."Topeka Tropics put out 'heartfelt call' for investors after owner backs out".KSNTviaYahoo! News.RetrievedFebruary 23,2024.
  73. ^"NAL BOARD TERMINATES TOPEKA TROPICS MEMBERSHIP".National Arena League.February 28, 2024.RetrievedFebruary 28,2024.
  74. ^"WHEELING MINERS JOIN NATIONAL ARENA LEAGUE FOR 2025".NAL.June 21, 2024.
  75. ^"AMERICAN INDOOR FOOTBALL LEAGUE JOINS THE NATIONAL ARENA LEAGUE".NAL.July 9, 2024.
  76. ^"NAL DISCONTINUES MEMBERSHIP OF THE COLUMBUS LIONS".National Arena League.July 14, 2022.
  77. ^"Albany Empire, owned by Antonio Brown, kicked out of arena league".ESPN.June 15, 2023.
  78. ^"Baltimore Lightning Update on 2021 Season".NAL.August 19, 2020.
  79. ^"Another indoor football team bites the dust, Rage calls it quits after going 0-9".KRIS-TV.June 15, 2017. Archived fromthe originalon July 22, 2017.RetrievedJune 26,2017.
  80. ^"LEAGUE UPDATES REGULAR SEASON SCHEDULE FOR 2023 SEASON".NAL.June 26, 2023.
  81. ^"High Country Grizzlies Leave NAL; Join AAL".Last Word on Sports. September 20, 2017.Archivedfrom the original on September 21, 2017.RetrievedSeptember 20,2017.
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  83. ^"LOUISVILLE JOINS IFL FOR 2021".Indoor Football League.November 6, 2020.
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  85. ^"NAL Update: Massachusetts Pirates".National Arena League. July 14, 2020.RetrievedJuly 29,2020.
  86. ^"Indoor football: Massachusetts Pirates continue to focus forward".Telegram & Gazette.June 23, 2020.
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  89. ^"Columbus Lions lose heart breaker in National Arena League championship, 27-21".WRBL.July 11, 2017.
  90. ^"National Arena League Championship".YouTube.
  91. ^"Columbus Lions throttled in national championship game".Ledger Enquirer.August 29, 2018.
  92. ^"NAL Championship Game Highlights: Cobras Win 2018 Title".WFMY2.August 27, 2018.
  93. ^"Sharks rally to defeat Carolina in National Arena League final".Florida Times-Union.August 17, 2019.
  94. ^"In a new league, Empire headed to another arena football title game".The Times Union.August 7, 2021.
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  97. ^"2022 NAL Championship - Carolina Cobras vs Albany Empire".YouTube.
  98. ^"NAL Championship - Jacksonville Sharks vs Carolina Cobras".YouTube.
  99. ^"Todd Walkenhorst Named New Commissioner of the NAL".oursportscentral.
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External links[edit]

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