New Education Movement
TheNew Education movement,also known as theNew School,[1]éducation nouvellein French, andReformpädagogikin German,[2]was an early 20th-century progressive movement within education and the European counterpart to theprogressive education movement.[3]
Origins
[edit]The New Education movement had its origins within post-First World War society, when a new social order was being constructed. In 1921, theNew Education Fellowshipwas founded, born out ofTheosophy[1]and founding the New Education movement. The movement included a number of schools, including theMalting House School,which focused mostly on improving the education experiences of their founders, such as through granting children more educational freedom. The Fellowship had a publication namedNew Era,which it published until the 1940s, which brought other schools into experimental education.[4]Adherents of the New Education Movement includedMaria Montessori,John Dewey,andJean Piaget.[5]
Theory
[edit]The New Education movement preached a theory (here simplified) of acknowledging children's personalities and building a better society. The role of the teacher was not to impose strict regimes on the child, but to nurture the child and help them grow their abilities.[6]It was hoped by members of the New Education movement that a scientific basis could be created on educational problems, as a result of the movement building up more interest in experimental psychology. The "scientific educationists", among them educationists such asG. Stanley Hall,believed that study on the "higher faculties" of children would lead to better education.[7]The movement was influenced greatly byTheosophyandJean-Jacques Rousseau.[5]
References
[edit]Citations
[edit]- ^abMonteiro 2021,p. 605.
- ^Bruno-Jofré & Stafford 2020,p. 111.
- ^Rust 2018,p. 89.
- ^Palmer, Cooper & Bresler 2001,p. 7.
- ^abMonteiro 2021,p. 606.
- ^Romans 2005,p. 170.
- ^McCallum 1990,pp. 23–24.
General bibliography
[edit]- Bruno-Jofré, Rosa; Stafford, Joseph (2020).The Peripatetic Journey of Teacher Preparation in Canada.Emerald Publishign Limited.ISBN9781839822407.
- McCallum, David (1990).The Social Production of Merit: Education, Psychology, and Politics in Australia, 1900-1950.Psychology Press.ISBN978-1-85000-859-0.
- Monteiro, A. Reis (19 July 2021).Revolution of the Right to Education.BRILL.ISBN978-90-04-46246-5.
- Palmer, Joy; Cooper, David Edward; Bresler, Liora (2001).Fifty Modern Thinkers on Education: From Piaget to the Present.Psychology Press.ISBN978-0-415-22409-3.
- Romans, Mervyn (2005).Histories of Art and Design Education: Collected Essays.Intellect Books.ISBN978-1-84150-131-4.
- Rust, Val D. (8 May 2018).Education in East and West Germany: A Bibliography.Taylor & Francis.ISBN978-1-351-00460-2.
