Nomenclature of Territorial Units for Statistics
![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/NUTS_visual_diagram.jpg/220px-NUTS_visual_diagram.jpg)
Nomenclature of Territorial Units for StatisticsorNUTS(French:Nomenclature des unités territoriales statistiques) is ageocodestandardfor referencing theadministrative divisionsofcountriesfor statistical purposes.[1][2][3][4][5][6]The standard, adopted in 2003,[7]is developed and regulated by theEuropean Union,and thus only covers theEU member statesin detail. The Nomenclature of Territorial Units for Statistics is instrumental in the European Union'sStructural Funds and Cohesion Funddelivery mechanisms and for locating the area where goods and services subject to Europeanpublic procurementlegislation are to be delivered.
For each EU member country, a hierarchy of three NUTS levels is established byEurostatin agreement with each member state; the subdivisions in some levels do not necessarily correspond toadministrative divisionswithin the country. A NUTS code begins with a two-letter code referencing the country, as abbreviated in theEuropean Union's Interinstitutional Style Guide.[8]The subdivision of the country is then referred to with one number. A second or third subdivision level is referred to with another number each. Each numbering starts with 1, as 0 is used for the upper level. Where the subdivision has more than nine entities, capital letters are used to continue the numbering. Below the three NUTS levels are local administrative units (LAUs). A similar statistical system is defined for thecandidate countriesand members of theEuropean Free Trade Association,but they are not part of NUTS governed by the regulations.
The current NUTS classification, dated 21 November 2016 and effective from 1 January 2018 (now updated to current members as of 2020[update]), lists 92 regions atNUTS 1,244 regions at NUTS 2, 1215 regions at NUTS 3 level, and 99,387 local administrative units (LAUs).[9][10]
National structures[edit]
Not all countries have every level of division, depending on their size. For example, Luxembourg and Cyprus only have local administrative units (LAUs); the three NUTS divisions each correspond to the entire country itself.
Member states[edit]
Countries | NUTS 1 | NUTS 2 | NUTS 3 | Local administrative units (LAU) | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Member State | 27 | 92 | 240 | 1,164 | 92,054 | ||||
Austria | AT | Groups of states | 3 | States | 9 | Groups ofdistricts | 35 | Municipalities(Gemeinden) | 2,093 |
Belgium | BE | Regions | 3 | Provinces(+Brussels) | 11 | Arrondissements(Vervierssplit into two) | 44 | Municipalities(gemeenten/communes) | 581 |
Bulgaria | BG | Regions | 2 | Planning regions | 6 | Oblasts | 28 | Municipalities(общини,obshtini) | 265 |
Croatia | HR | — | 1 | Regions | 4 | Counties(županije) +Zagreb | 21 | Municipalities(općine) | 556 |
Cyprus | CY | — | 1 | — | 1 | — | 1 | Municipalities, communities(δήμοι, κοινότητες,dimoi, koinotites) | 615 |
Czech Republic | CZ | — | 1 | Statistical areas | 8 | Administrative regions(kraje) | 14 | Municipalities(obce) | 6,254 |
Denmark | DK | — | 1 | Regions(Regioner) | 5 | Provinces(Landsdele) | 11 | Municipalities(kommuner) and 1unincorporated area | 99 |
Estonia | EE | — | 1 | — | 1 | Groups ofcounties | 5 | Municipalities(Vald, linn) | 79 |
Finland | FI | Mainland Finland,Åland | 2 | Large areas (Suuralueet/Storområden) | 5 | Regions(Maakunnat/Landskap) | 19 | Municipalities(kunnat/kommuner) | 309 |
France | FR | Regions+DOM | 14 | Formerregions(1982–2015) + DOM | 27 | Departments+ DOM | 101 | Communes | 34,965 |
Germany | DE | States(Bundesland) | 16 | Inconsistent, some wholeStates(Bundesland), someGovernment regions(Regierungsbezirk) (or equivalent, or dissolved) | 38 | Districts(Kreis) | 400 | Municipalities(Gemeinden) | 10,775 |
Greece | EL[a] | Groups of development regions | 4 | Regions | 13 | Prefectures | 51 | Municipal districts/Community districts (δημοτικό διαμέρισμα, κοινότικο διαμέρισμα,demotiko diamerisma, koinotiko diamerisma) |
6,133 |
Hungary | HU | Statistical large regions(statisztikai nagyrégiók) | 3 | Planning and statistical regions(tervezési-statisztikai régió) | 8 | Counties(vármegye) +Budapest | 20 | Settlements(települések) | 3,155 |
Ireland | IE | — | 1 | Regions | 3 | Regional Authority Regions | 8 | Local electoral areas | 166 |
Italy | IT | Groups of regions | 5 | Regions(Trentino-Alto Adigesplit into two) | 21 | Provinces | 107 | Municipalities(comuni) | 7,904 |
Latvia | LV | — | 1 | — | 1 | Statistical regions | 6 | Municipalities, state cities(valstspilsētas, novadi) | 43 |
Lithuania | LT | — | 1 | Vidurio ir vakarų Lietuvos regionas, Sostinės regionas | 2 | Counties | 10 | Municipalities(savivaldybės) | 60 |
Luxembourg | LU | — | 1 | — | 1 | — | 1 | Communes(French:communes,German:Gemeinden,Luxembourgish:Gemengen) | 102 |
Malta | MT | — | 1 | — | 1 | Islands | 2 | Local councils(kunsilli) | 68 |
Netherlands | NL | Groups of provinces | 4 | Provinces | 12 | COROP regions | 40 | Municipalities(gemeenten) | 342 |
Poland | PL | Macroregions (Makroregiony) | 7 | Voivodeships+Warsaw metro | 17 | Subregions (Podregiony) | 73 | Municipalities(gminy) | 2,477 |
Portugal | PT | Continent+Azores+Madeira | 3 | Statistical regions + autonomous regions | 7 | Groups ofmunicipalities | 25 | Municipalities(concelhos) | 308 |
Romania | RO | Macroregions | 4 | Regions | 8 | Counties+Bucharest | 42 | Communes + Municipalities + Cities(comune + municipii + orașe) | 3,181 |
Slovakia | SK | — | 1 | Oblasts | 4 | Regions(Kraje) | 8 | Municipalities(obce) | 2,891 |
Slovenia | SI | — | 1 | Macroregions | 2 | Statistical regions | 12 | Municipalities(občine) | 212 |
Spain | ES | Groups of autonomous communities | 7 | 17 Autonomous communities and 2 autonomous cities | 19 | Provinces+Islands+CeutaandMelilla | 59 | Municipalities(municipios) | 8,131 |
Sweden | SE | Regions (Grupper av riksområden) | 3 | National Areas(Riksområde) | 8 | Counties(Län) | 21 | Municipalities(kommuner) | 290 |
Candidate countries[edit]
Country | NUTS 1 | NUTS 2 | NUTS 3 | LAU 1 | LAU 2 | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Candidate countries | 5 | 17 | 36 | 131 | 1,202 | 47,235 | |||||
Albania | AL | — | 1 | Regions (non-administrative) | 3 | Counties | 12 | – | – | Municipalities(Komunë) /Communes(Bashki / Komunë) | 373 |
Montenegro | ME | — | 1 | — | 1 | Statistical Regions | 3 | Municipalities(општине,opštine) | 24 | Settlements (Насеља,naselja) | 1,256 |
North Macedonia | MK | — | 1 | — | 1 | Statistical regions | 8 | Municipalities(општини,opštini) | 84 | Settlements (Населени места,naseleni mesta) | 1,776 |
Serbia | RS | Groups of regions | 2 | Regions | 5 | Districts | 29 | Municipalities(општине и градови,opštine i gradovi) | 174 | Settlements (Насељена места,naseljena mesta) | 6,155 |
Turkey | TR | Regions | 12 | Sub-regions | 26 | Provinces(iller) | 81 | Districts(ilçeler) | 923 | Municipalities(belediyeler) | 37,675 |
EFTA countries[edit]
Country | NUTS 1 | NUTS 2 | NUTS 3 | - | LAU | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
EFTAcountries | 4 | 4 | 16 | 48 | 122 | 2,567 | |||||
Switzerland | CH | — | 1 | Regions | 7 | Cantons | 26 | Municipalities(German:Gemeinden,Einwohnergemeindenandpolitische Gemeinden;French:communes;Italian:comuni;Romansh:vischnancas) | 2,136 | ||
Iceland | IS | — | 1 | — | 1 | Capital Region/ Rest of country | 2 | Regions(landshlutar) | 8 | Municipalities(sveitarfélag) | 64 |
Liechtenstein | LI | — | 1 | — | 1 | — | 1 | Municipalities(Gemeinden) | 11 | ||
Norway | NO | — | 1 | Regions | 7 | Counties(Fylke) | 19 | Economic regions (Økonomiske regioner) | 89 | Municipalities(kommuner) | 356 |
Former EU member-state[edit]
The United Kingdomleft the European Unionon 31 January 2020, the only member-state to ever do so.
Country | NUTS 1 | NUTS 2 | NUTS 3 | LAU | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
United Kingdom | UK[b] | Regions of England | 9 | Sub-Regions≍ i:∪ofcounties;or |
30 | Upper tier authoritiesand groups ofunitary authoritiesanddistricts | 93 | Districtsor unitary authorities | 326 |
Wales | 1 | Groups ofPrincipal Areas | 2 | Groups ofPrincipal Areas | 12 | Principal Areas | 22 | ||
Scotland | 1 | Groups of Council and/or Island Areas | 4 | Groups ofCouncil Areas or Islands Areas | 23 | Council areas,subdivided byLECwhere applicable | 41 | ||
Northern Ireland | 1 | — | 1 | Groups ofdistricts | 5 | Districts | 11 |
Maps[edit]
Establishment[edit]
NUTS regions are generally based on existing national administrative subdivisions. In countries where only one or two regional subdivisions exist, or where the population of existing subdivisions is too small or too large, a second and/or third level is created. This may be on the first level (ex. France, Italy, Greece, and Spain), on the second (ex. Germany) and/or third level (ex. Belgium).[11]In countries with small populations, where the entire country would be placed on the NUTS 2 or even NUTS 3 level (ex. Luxembourg, Cyprus), the regions at levels 1, 2 and 3 are identical to each other (and also to the entire country), but are coded with the appropriate length codes levels 1, 2 and 3.
The NUTS system favors existing administrative units, with one or more assigned to each NUTS level. Specific guidelines are based in population, leaving little or no role for other types of variables such as area, distance, topography, levels of jurisdiction or history, which can only be considered in (unspecified) types of special cases.[12]From the NUTS Regulation, the average population size of the regions in the respective level shall lie within the following thresholds:
Level | Minimum | Maximum |
---|---|---|
NUTS 1 | 3 million | 7 million |
NUTS 2 | 800,000 | 3 million |
NUTS 3 | 150,000 | 800,000 |
For non-administrative units, deviations from these population marks exist for particular geographical, socio-economic, historical, cultural or environmental circumstances, especially for islands and outermost regions.
Examples[edit]
- IT: Italy
- ITC:Northwest Italy
- ITC1:Piedmont
- ITC:Northwest Italy
See also[edit]
- ISO 3166
- ISO 3166-1
- ISO 3166-2
- List of FIPS region codes
- List of metropolitan areas in Europe by population
- List of European regions by GDP
- Regions of the European Union
Notes[edit]
- ^The European Union uses EL as the country code for Greece instead of theISO 3166-1 Alpha -2code GR.
- ^The European Union uses UK as the country code for the United Kingdom instead of theISO 3166-1 Alpha -2code GB.
References[edit]
- ^"NUTS – Nomenclature of territorial units for statistics".European Commission.Retrieved18 December2016.
- ^"Statistics Explained".European Commission. Archived fromthe originalon 19 February 2010.
- ^"Regulation (EC) No 176/2008 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 20 February 2008".Eur-lex.europa.eu.Retrieved24 March2013.
- ^"Regulation (EC) No 1888/2005 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 26 October 2005".Eur-lex.europa.eu.Retrieved24 March2013.
- ^"Commission Regulation (EC) No 105/2007 of 1 February 2007".Eur-lex.europa.eu.Retrieved24 March2013.
- ^"Regulation (EC) No 1059/2003 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 26 May 2003".Eur-lex.europa.eu.Retrieved24 March2013.
- ^"History of NUTS – Eurostat".European Commission.
- ^"Annex A6 Country and territory codes".publications.europa.eu.1 February 2020.Retrieved20 March2020.
- ^"Background – Eurostat".European Commission.
- ^Commission Regulation (EU) 2016/2066 amending the annexes to Regulation (EC) 1059/2003 of the European Parliament and of the Council on the establishment of a common classification of territorial units for statistics (NUTS)
- ^"Europa – Eurostat – Regions – Basic principles of the NUTS".European Commission.Retrieved24 March2013.
- ^Regions and cities. Overvieweurostat. Retrieved 31 December 2022
External links[edit]
![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png)
![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Wikidata-logo.svg/40px-Wikidata-logo.svg.png)
NUTS code (P605)(seeuses)