North Station

For the adjacent subway station, seeNorth Station (subway).For other stations by this name, seeNorth Station (disambiguation).

North Station
MBTA Commuter Railtrains at North Station in July 2021
General information
Location	126 Causeway Street Boston,Massachusetts United States
Coordinates	42.36630°N 71.06222°W/42.36630; -71.06222
Owned by	Massachusetts Bay Transportation Authority
Line(s)	Western Route Eastern Route New Hampshire Main Line Fitchburg Route
Platforms	5island platforms
Tracks	10
Connections	Green LineOrange LineatNorth Station MBTA bus:4 EZRide
Construction
Parking	1,275 spaces (privately owned garage) 38 accessible spaces
Bicycle facilities	20 spaces;Bluebikesdock
Accessible	Yes
Other information
Station code	Amtrak:BON
Fare zone	1A (MBTA Commuter Rail)
History
Opened	1893 (North Union Station)
Rebuilt	1928, 1989, 1995, January 2007
Passengers
2012	18,427 daily boardings(MBTA Commuter Rail)
FY 2023	399,798 annual boardings and alightings(Amtrak)
Services Preceding station Amtrak Following station Terminus Downeaster Woburn towardBrunswick Preceding station MBTA Following station Porter towardWachusett Fitchburg Line Terminus West Medford towardLowell Lowell Line Ballardvale towardHaverhill Haverhill Line (limited service viaWildcat Branch) Terminus Haverhill Line Malden Center towardHaverhill Newburyport/​Rockport Line Chelsea towardNewburyportorRockport
Former services Preceding station MBTA Following station Cambridge towardBedford Le xing ton Branch (closed 1977) Terminus Cambridge towardSouth Sudbury Central Mass Branch (closed 1971) Preceding station Boston and Maine Railroad Following station Cambridge towardNorthampton Central Mass Branch Terminus Cambridge towardFitchburg Boston – Fitchburg Cambridge towardTroy Boston – Troy Union Square towardWaltham Watertown Branch Prospect Hill towardConcord, NH Boston – Concord, NH Terminus Western Route East Somerville towardPortland Eastern Route Medford Branch East Somerville towardMedford
Location

North Stationis acommuter railandintercity railterminal station inBoston,Massachusetts.It is served by fourMBTA Commuter Raillines – theFitchburg Line,Haverhill Line,Lowell Line,andNewburyport/Rockport Line– and theAmtrakDowneasterintercity service. The concourse is located under theTD Gardenarena, with the platforms extending north towards drawbridges over theCharles River.Theeponymous subway station,served by theGreen LineandOrange Line,is connected to the concourse with an underground passageway.

Description

Platforms and drawbridges at North Station

The concourse of the station, named for longtimeBoston Celticscoach and executiveRed Auerbach,is located under theTD Gardenarena, with two entrances from Causeway Street, as well as entrances from Nashua Street to the west. Fiveisland platformsserving ten tracks run north from the concourse. Just north of the platforms, apair of two-track drawbridgescross theCharles River.Eight commuter rail lines and three Amtrak services terminate atSouth Stationabout 1 mile (1.6 km) to the south, with no direct rail link between the two stations. The proposedNorth–South Rail Linkwould link the two halves of the commuter rail system, with new underground platforms at both stations.

North Station isaccessibleon all modes.MBTA busroute4runs on Causeway Street, with stops near Canal Street. TheEZRideShuttle loops on Red Auerbach Way with a stop near the secondary entrance to North Station.

Lovejoy Wharf, located off Beverly Street northeast of North Station, is thehead of navigationof theCharles Riverdue to the adjacentCharles River Dam.It is served bywater taxiservices toLogan Airportand the Boston waterfront by two private companies, and a Lovejoy Wharf – Fan Pier ferry route.

History

Previous stations

The B&M terminal around 1894

The four major northside railroads originally built separate terminal stations in Boston. TheBoston and Lowell Railroad(B&L) was the first to open, with service beginning on June 24, 1835.The first station was built later in 1835 along Lowell Street (now Lomasney Way) and was several blocks north of Causeway Street. A new station was built at Causeway Street east of Nashua Street in 1857, with the original depot converted to a freight house.An even larger third station on the Causeway Street site, constructed of brick with towers at the front corners, was opened on November 24, 1873.

TheBoston and Maine Railroad(B&M) opened in July 1845, with a temporary station at Canal and Traverse streets. The permanent station, opened on October 20, was between Canal and Haverhill streets and fronted onHaymarket Square.Trains had to cross busy Causeway Street to reach the station; at first, a city ordinance required the railroad to pull cars across the street with oxen rather than locomotives. In 1867, the station was extended northwards from Market Street to Traverse Street.

The 1843-openedFitchburg Railroadoriginally terminated inCharlestown,near the north end of theWarren Bridge.On August 9, 1848, the railroad opened a new station with large Norman style towers at Causeway Street, just east of the B&M tracks.The second floor was the largest auditorium in New England at the time; it was the site of two performances byJenny Lindin October 1850 during hertour of the United States.

TheEastern Railroadopened in 1838 with an East Boston terminal; ferries carried passengers between there andLewis Wharfin Boston.On April 10, 1854, the railroad opened its Boston terminal on Causeway Street opposite Friend Street – west of the B&M tracks and east of the soon-to-be-built B&L station.This "temporary" station was destroyed by fire on June 21, 1862.The brick replacement station, completed the next year, "had a reputation of being dirty, unattractive, and uninviting."

North Union Station

North Union Station around 1897

The B&M leased the Eastern in 1884, though it continued to use its own terminal.As a condition of the B&M's 1887 lease of the B&L, the state required the B&M to construct aunion stationfor use by the combined B&M system plus the Fitchburg.After years of resistance by the B&M, construction on North Union Station began in 1893.The station was built as an eastward expansion of the B&L station, with a total frontage of 568 feet (173 m) on Causeway Street. The center of the new facade was an 80-foot (24 m)-high granitetriumphal archflanked by four massive columns.The east side was formed by a five-story baggage and express building.The station was designed by the firm ofShepley, Rutan and Coolidge,which designedSouth Stationseveral years later.

The new station was opened in stages from August 1893 to June 1894.The Eastern depot had been demolished in 1893 to allow construction to proceed.The B&M depot was demolished in 1897, with the site used for theCanal Street inclineof theTremont Street subway.The Fitchburg was leased by the B&M in 1900, after which the former Fitchburg depot was used as the B&M offices.By that time, the station was popularly known as "North Station".The former Fitchburg depot burned on January 17, 1925; it was demolished in 1926–28.

North Station

North Stationc. 1928

In 1926, the B&M began work on an expansion and modernization of the freight yards north of North Station in Somerville.The next November, the railroad announced plans for a new North Station complex.Demolition of the old station began the next month.The partially-complete station was opened on August 19, 1928; it was formally opened on November 14, 1928 – one year after the original announcement.

The new station had 22 tracks paired around island platforms, largely similar to its previous configuration.The concourse was topped with theBoston Gardenarena, with a 14-story office building to the east and a hotel to the west. (Early plans had called for these to be integrated into the station like the arena.) The complex fronted on Causeway Street for 700 feet (210 m) from Nashua Street to Beverly Street.A project lasting from August 26, 1930 to mid-1931 rebuilt the approach to the station, with four new drawbridges crossing a relocated Charles River channel.

Until the 1960s, the station was the hub forlong-distance B&M serviceto multiple locales north and west ofBoston,usually in conjunction with other railroads.Service cutbacks began in the 1950s, and service soon dwindled down tocommuter railoperations. The lastintercityservice toPortland, Maineand to north ofConcord, New Hampshireended on January 4, 1965.By this point, the intercity train itineraries consisted of self-propelledBudd Rail Diesel Cars,often just one or two cars for the trip. Single commuter-oriented daily round trips on these routes to Concord andDover, New Hampshirelasted until June 30, 1967.(LimitedMBTA Commuter Railservice to Concord was run from January 28, 1980 to March 1, 1981 as part of a federally funded experiment.) In the 1960s, the B&M removed two drawbridges and cut the station to ten tracks. The south end of the platforms were removed to make room for a parking lot.

Prior interstate train service from North Station:

Name	Final B & M station at peak level	Partner railroad in continuing joint train service	Final destination	Year discontinued
The Minute Man	Troy, New YorkviaFitchburg, MassachusettsandGreenfield, Massachusetts	New York Central	Chicago, Illinois	1957
The Cheshire	Bellows Falls, Vermontvia Fitchburg, Massachusetts andKeene, New Hampshire	-	-	1958
Green Mountain Flyer	Bellows Falls, Vermont	Rutland Railway	Burlington, Vermont,Montreal, Quebec	1953
Mount Royal	Bellows Falls, Vermont	Rutland Railway	Burlington, Vermont,Montreal, Quebec	1953
Ambassador	White River Junction, VermontviaLowell, MassachusettsandConcord, New Hampshire	Central Vermont Railway	Essex Junction, Vermont,Montreal, Quebec	1956
Alouette	Wells River, Vermontvia Lowell, Massachusetts and Concord, New Hampshire	Canadian Pacific Railway	Montreal, Quebec	1956 (unnamed train from 1956–1965)
Connecticut Yankee	Travelling as theRed WingviaConcord, New HampshireandPlymouth, New Hampshire,then connecting with main route from New York City atWhite River Junction, Vermont	Central Vermont Railway Quebec Central Railway	Quebec City, QuebecviaSherbrooke, Quebec	c. 1952
Flying Yankee	Portland, MaineviaDover, New Hampshire	Maine Central Railroad	Bangor, Maine	1957
The Gull	Portland, Maine	Maine Central Railroad Canadian Pacific Railway Canadian National Railway	Halifax, Nova ScotiaviaSaint John, New Brunswick	1960
Kennebec Limited	Portland, Maine	Maine Central Railroad	Vanceboro, Maine	1958
Mountaineer(summer only)	Littleton, New Hampshirevia North Conway, and Crawford Notch in theWhite Mountains	Maine Central Railroad	Intervale, New Hampshire	1955
Penobscot	Portland, Maine	Maine Central Railroad	Bangor, Maine	1957
Pine Tree Limited	Portland, Maine	Maine Central Railroad	Bangor, Maine	1958
Red Wing	Wells River, Vermontvia Lowell, Massachusetts and Concord, New Hampshire	Canadian Pacific Railway	Montreal, Quebec	1959

MBTA era

New station

Trains at North Station in 1988, viewed from the north end of the island platforms

On January 20, 1984, a fire destroyed the wooden trestles leading to the North Station drawbridges. Temporary terminals were soon established:Haverhill/Readingtrains terminated atOak Grove,Rockport/Ipswichtrains at a temporary platform atSullivan,andLowellandGardnertrains at a temporary station nearLechmere.On June 28, 1984, the MBTA awarded a $11.3 million contract for construction of replacement trestles plus new tracks and platforms.The rebuilt station opened on April 20, 1985.On March 29, 1989, the MBTA awarded a $13.7 million construction contract to raise the five commuter rail platforms foraccessibility.(Until then, a modifiedforkliftwas used as a mobile lift.)Groundbreaking was held for the underground garage on June 25, 1990, followed by the platform project on July 12.However, the nearest accessible subway transfer wasState stationover half a mile away; not until 2001 were the North Station and Haymarket subway stations made accessible.

In February 1993, the state reached a deal with a developer for the replacement of the aging Boston Garden. In exchange for the land and easements to construct theFleetCenter,the developer would construct a new train shed and waiting area on the ground floor of the new arena. The MBTA would also be granted easements for a Green Line tunnel under the arena to replace the Causeway Street Elevated, for a combined underground "superstation" for the Green and Orange lines, and for pedestrian access to North Station.The FleetCenter, North Station concourse, and garage opened in 1995.

TwoMBTA Boatroutes – the F3 Lovejoy Wharf –Boston Navy Yardand F5 Lovejoy Wharf –World Trade CenterviaMoakley Courthouse– began operation in 1997 duringBig Digconstruction.They were discontinued on January 21, 2005 due to low ridership.The F5X Lovejoy Wharf – World Trade Center Express route, which did not rely on MBTA funding, was run until February 24, 2006.A one-year pilot of the privately funded Fan Pier route, intended mostly as a private employee shuttle, began in January 2019.

In 2001, intercity service returned to North Station with Amtrak'sDowneastertoPortland, Maine(later extended toBrunswick), using the Lowell and Haverhill lines to theNew Hampshireborder. It has become one of the more popular routes in New England.Due in part to this, North Station was the 24th busiest Amtrak station in the country in fiscal 2019, and the sixth busiest in New England (behind South Station,Providence,New Haven Union,Back Bay andRoute 128).

The 2007-expanded waiting area in 2017

In April 2006, the MBTA announced plans for an enlargement of the waiting area at North Station.The project covered over the southern 80 feet (24 m) of the platforms, adding 20,000 square feet (1,900 m²) of waiting and retail space. The $5 million project was completed in February 2007.Two large train information displays, with electronic noises to imitateSolari boards,were added in November 2007.

Boston Garden Towers changes

Beginning in early 2016,Boston Propertiesbuilt 'The Hub On Causeway', amixed-use developmentincluding two towers, on the former Boston Garden site. The development included a new entrance to the rail station from Causeway Street opposite Canal Street, plus an underground passageway from the rail station to the subway station.The passageway opened on January 6, 2019.

Installation offare gateson the North Station concourse began on March 24, 2022.The gates were activated on October 1, 2022.

Drawbridge replacement

The two aging two-trackdrawbridgesat North Station are planned to be replaced by three new two-track spans, which will be more reliable and have higher capacity. The unfinished sixth platform will be completed to serve long out-of-service tracks 11 and 12, theFitchburg mainlinewill be slightly relocated to provide more layover space near the maintenance facility, and FX interlocking will be reconfigured.The signals contract associated with the new drawbridges was awarded in May 2019.As of November 2022,signal work is expected to be completed in August 2023.Design of the newvertical lift bridgesbegan in 2019 and was 75% complete by May 2023, with design completion expected in 2024.

External links

• Boston, MA–North Station – Amtrak
• Boston, MA–North Station – Station history at Great American Stations (Amtrak)
• MBTA – North Station
• MBTA – North Station Draw One Bridge Replacement