As of 2023, the university had anendowmentof $14.1 billion, an annual budget of around $2.9 billion,[6][7]and research funding of over $1 billion.[8]The university fields 19 intercollegiate athletic teams, theNorthwestern Wildcats,which compete in theNCAADivision Iin theBig Ten Conference.
The foundation of Northwestern University can be traced to a meeting on May 31, 1850, of nine prominent Chicago businessmen, Methodist leaders, and attorneys who had formed the idea of establishing a university to serve what had been known from 1787 to 1803 as theNorthwest Territory.On January 28, 1851, theIllinois General Assemblygranted a charter to theTrustees of the North-Western University,making it the first chartered university in Illinois.[14][15]The school's nine founders, all of whom were Methodists (three of them ministers), knelt in prayer and worship before launching their first organizational meeting.[16]Although they affiliated the university with the Methodist Episcopal Church, they favored anon-sectarianadmissions policy, believing that Northwestern should serve all people in the newly developing territory by bettering the economy inEvanston.[17]
John Evans,for whom Evanston is named, bought 379 acres (153 ha) of land alongLake Michiganin 1853, andPhilo Judsondeveloped plans for what would become the city of Evanston, Illinois. The first building,Old College,opened on November 5, 1855.[18]To raise funds for its construction, Northwestern sold $100 "perpetual scholarships" entitling the purchaser and his heirs to free tuition.[19][20]Another building,University Hall,was built in 1869 of the same Joliet limestone as theChicago Water Tower,also built in 1869, one of the few buildings in the heart of Chicago to survive theGreat Chicago Fireof 1871.[21]
In 1873 theEvanston College for Ladiesmerged with Northwestern, andFrances Willard,who later gained fame as asuffragetteand as one of the founders of theWoman's Christian Temperance Union(WCTU), became the school's firstdean of women(Willard Residential College,built in 1938, honors her name). Northwestern admitted its first female students in 1869, and the first woman graduated in 1874.[22]Northwestern fielded its firstintercollegiate footballteam in 1882, later becoming a founding member of the Big Ten Conference. In the 1870s and 1880s, Northwestern affiliated itself with already existing schools of law, medicine, and dentistry in Chicago. TheNorthwestern University Pritzker School of Lawis the oldest law school in Chicago. As the university's enrollments grew, these professional schools were integrated with the undergraduate college in Evanston; the result was a modern research university combining professional, graduate, and undergraduate programs, which gave equal weight to teaching and research.[23][24]
Deering Library, which is named in memory of Charles Deering
After the golden years of the 1920s, theGreat Depression in the United States(1929–1941) had a severe impact on the university's finances. Its annual income dropped 25 percent from $4.8 million in 1930–31 to $3.6 million in 1933–34. Investment income shrank, fewer people could pay full tuition, and annual giving from alumni and philanthropists fell from $870,000 in 1932 to a low of $331,000 in 1935. The university responded with two salary cuts of 10 percent each for all employees. It imposed hiring and building freezes and slashed appropriations for maintenance, books, and research. Having had a balanced budget in 1930–31, the university now faced deficits of roughly $100,000 for the next four years. Enrollments fell in most schools, with law and music suffering the biggest declines. However, the movement toward state certification of school teachers prompted Northwestern to start a new graduate program in education, thereby bringing in new students and much-needed income. In June 1933,Robert Maynard Hutchins,president of theUniversity of Chicago,proposed a merger of the two universities, estimating annual savings of $1.7 million. The two presidents were enthusiastic, and the faculty liked the idea; many Northwestern alumni, however, opposed it, fearing the loss of their alma mater and its many traditions that distinguished Northwestern from Chicago. The medical school, for example, was oriented toward training practitioners, and alumni feared it would lose its mission if it were merged into the more research-orientedUniversity of Chicago Medical School.[26]The merger plan was ultimately dropped. In 1935, the Deering family rescued the university budget with an unrestricted gift of $6 million, bringing the budget up to $5.4 million in 1938–39. This allowed many of the previous spending cuts to be restored, including half of the salary reductions.[27]
University Hall(1869), the second building constructed on campus, and the oldest building still standing
Like other American research universities, Northwestern was transformed byWorld War II(1939–1945). Regular enrollment fell dramatically, but the school opened high-intensity, short-term programs that trained over 50,000 military personnel, including future presidentJohn F. Kennedy.Northwestern's existingNROTCprogram proved to be a boon to the university as it trained over 36,000 sailors over the course of the war, which led Northwestern to be called the "Annapolisof the Midwest. "[28]Franklyn B. Snyderled the university from 1939 to 1949, and after the war, surging enrollments under theG.I. Billdrove the dramatic expansion of both campuses. In 1948, prominent anthropologistMelville J. Herskovitsfounded the Program of African Studies at Northwestern, the first center of its kind at an American academic institution.[29]J. Roscoe Miller's tenure as president from 1949 to 1970 saw an expansion of the Evanston campus, with the construction of theLakefillon Lake Michigan, growth of the faculty and new academic programs, and polarizing Vietnam-era student protests. In 1978, the first and secondUnabomberattacks occurred at Northwestern University.[30]Relations between Evanston and Northwestern became strained throughout much of the post-war era because of episodes of disruptive student activism,[31]disputes over municipal zoning, building codes, and law enforcement,[32]as well as restrictions on the sale of alcohol near campus until 1972.[33][34]Northwestern's exemption from state and municipal property-tax obligations under its original charter has historically been a source oftown-and-gowntension.[citation needed]
Although government support for universities declined in the 1970s and 1980s, PresidentArnold R. Weberwas able to stabilize university finances, which led to a revitalization of its campuses. In 1996,Princess Dianavisited Northwestern's Evanston and Chicago campuses to raise money for the university hospital'sRobert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Centerat the invitation of then-President Bienen.Her visit raised a total of $1.5 million for cancer research.[35][36][37]
As admissions to colleges and universities grew increasingly competitive in the 1990s and 2000s, PresidentHenry S. Bienen's tenure saw an increase in the number and quality of undergraduate applicants, continued expansion of the facilities and faculty, and renewed athletic competitiveness. In 1999, Northwestern student journalists uncovered information exonerating Illinois death-row inmateAnthony Portertwo days before his scheduled execution. The Innocence Project has since exonerated 10 more men.[38][39]On January 11, 2003, in a speech at Northwestern School of Law's Lincoln Hall, thenGovernor of IllinoisGeorge Ryanannounced that he wouldcommutethe sentences of more than 150 death-row inmates.[40]
In the 2010s, a five-year capital campaign resulted in a new music center, a replacement building for the business school, and a $270 million athletic complex.[41][42]In 2014,President Barack Obamadelivered a seminal economics speech at the Evanston campus.[43]In 2015,Queen MáximaandKing Willem-Alexanderof the Netherlands visited Northwestern to announce research collaborations between Northwestern and several Dutch institutions focused on the study of aging.[44]In 2021, an additional $480 million, the largest donation in the university's history, was donated to Northwestern by theRyan Familyto be applied to research at theKellogg School of ManagementandFeinberg School of Medicine,as well as for renovatingRyan Field.[45]In a partnership withOakton Collegeand theIllinois Department of Correctionsin 2023, Northwestern awarded the first bachelors degrees in the United States to a graduating class of prisoners from a top-ranked university.[46]
Northwestern University's main campus is located in the suburb of Evanston, Illinois, just north of Chicago. The campus spans an area of 240 acres and is characterized by its blend of modern and historicgothic architecture.[citation needed]
Northwestern's Evanston campus, where the undergraduate schools, the Graduate School, and the Kellogg School of Management are located, runs north–south from Lincoln Avenue to Clark Street west of Lake Michigan alongSheridan Road.North Campus is home to thefraternityquads,athletics facilities including the Henry Crown Sports Pavilion and Norris Aquatics Center, the Technological Institute, Dearborn Observatory, the Patrick G. and Shirley W. Ryan Hall for Nanofabrication and Molecular Self-Assembly, and the Ford Motor Company Engineering Design Center among others. South Campus is home to the university's humanities buildings, music buildings like thePick-Staiger Concert Hall,theMary and Leigh Block Museum of Art,and thesororityquads. In the 1960s, the university created an additional 84 acres (34 ha) for the campus by filling in a portion ofLake Michigan.Buildings located on the resultingLakefillinclude University Library, the Patrick G. and Shirley W. Ryan Center for the Musical Arts, theRegenstein Hall of Music,Norris University Center(the student union), the Kellogg School of Management Global Hub, and various athletics facilities.[citation needed]
TheChicago Transit Authority'selevated trainrunning through Evanston is called thePurple Line,taking its name from Northwestern's school color. TheFosterandDavisstations are within walking distance of the southern end of the campus, while theNoyesstation is close to the northern end of the campus. TheCentralstation is close toRyan Field,Northwestern's football stadium. TheEvanston Davis StreetMetrastation serves the Northwestern campus in downtown Evanston and theEvanston Central StreetMetra station is near Ryan Field. Pace Suburban Bus Service and the CTA have several bus routes that run through or near the Evanston campus.
The Montgomery Ward Memorial Building (1927) at Northwestern's Feinberg School of Medicine in Chicago, America's first academic skyscraper[47]
Northwestern's Chicago campus is located in the city'sStreetervilleneighborhood near Lake Michigan. The Chicago campus is home to the nationally rankedNorthwestern Memorial Hospital,themedical school,thelaw school,the part-time MBA program, and the School of Professional Studies. Medill's one-year graduate program rents a floor on Wacker Drive, across the river from Streeterville and separate from the rest of the campus. Northwestern's professional schools and a number of its affiliated hospitals are located approximately four blocks east of theChicagostation on the CTARed Line.The Chicago campus is also served by CTA bus routes.[citation needed]
Founded or affiliated at varying points in the university's history, the professional schools originally were scattered throughout Chicago.[48]In connection with a 1917 master plan for a central Chicago campus and PresidentWalter Dill Scott's capital campaign, 8.5 acres (3.44 ha) of land were purchased at the corner ofChicago AvenueandLake Shore Drivefor $1.5 million in 1920.[48][49]ArchitectJames Gamble Rogerswas commissioned to create a master plan for the principal buildings on the new campus, which he designed incollegiate gothicstyle. In 1923,Mrs. Montgomery Warddonated $8 million to the campaign to finance the construction of the Montgomery Ward Memorial Building, which would house the medical and dental schools, and create endowments for faculty chairs, research grants, scholarships, and building maintenance.[50]The building would become the first universityskyscraperin the United States.[47]In addition to the Ward Building, Rogers designedWieboldt Hallto house facilities for theSchool of Commerce[51]andLevy Mayer Hallto house the School of Law.[52]The new campus comprising these three new buildings was dedicated during a two-day ceremony in June 1927. The Chicago campus continued to expand with the addition ofThorne Hallin 1931 andAbbott Hallin 1939.[48][53]In October 2013, Northwestern began the demolition of the architecturally significantPrentice Women's Hospital.Eric G. Neilson, dean of the medical school, penned an op-ed that equated retaining the building with loss of life.[54]
In Fall 2008, Northwestern opened a campus inEducation City,Doha,Qatar.[55]Through theMedill School of Journalismand School of Communication, NU-Q offersbachelor's degreesin journalism and communications respectively.[56]However, some have questioned whether NU-Q can truly offer a comparable journalism program to that of its U.S. campus given Qatar's instances ofcensorshipand strict limits on journalistic and academic freedoms.[55][57]TheQatar Foundation for Education, Science and Community Development,a private charitable institution founded by former emirSheikh Hamad bin Khalifa Al Thaniand his wife and mother of the current emirSheikha Moza bint Nasser,provided funding for construction and administrative costs, as well as support to hire 50 to 60 faculty and staff, some of whom rotate between the Evanston and Qatar campuses.[58][59]Northwestern receives roughly $45 million per year to operate the campus.[57]In February 2016, Northwestern reached an agreement with theQatar Foundationto extend the operations of the NU-Q branch for an additional decade, through the 2027–2028 academic year.[60][57][61][62]
Northwestern is privately owned and governed by an appointedBoard of Trustees,which is composed of 70 members and, as of 2022[update],is chaired byPeter Barris'74.[63]The board delegates its power to an elected president who serves as thechief executive officerof the university.[64]Northwestern has hadseventeen presidents in its history(excluding interim presidents). The current president, legal scholarMichael Schill,succeededMorton O. Schapiroin fall 2022.[65]The president maintains a staff of vice presidents, directors, and other assistants for administrative, financial, faculty, and student matters.[66]Kathleen Haggertyassumed the role of provost for the university on September 1, 2020.[67]
Students are formally involved in the university's administration through theAssociated Student Government,elected representatives of the undergraduate students, and the Graduate Student Association, which represents the university's graduate students.[68][69]
The admission requirements, degree requirements, courses of study, and disciplinary and degree recommendations for each of Northwestern's 12 schools are determined by the voting members of that school's faculty (assistant professorand above).[70]
Northwestern University's admissions are characterized as "most selective" byU.S. News & World Report.[75]Northwestern received a record 52,225 applications for its class size of approximately 2,100 students in 2022–2023 academic year. For the Class of 2027, regular decision acceptance rate was approximately 4.6%, while overall acceptance rate remained around 7.0%.[76]For the Class of 2026, theinterquartile range(middle 50%) on the post-2016SATwas a combined (verbal and math) 1500–1560 out of 1600; theinterquartile rangeon the evidence-based reading and writing (EBRW) section of theSATwas 730–770 out of 800 while theinterquartile rangeon the Math section of theSATwas 760–800 out of 800.[77]ACTcomposite scores for the middle 50% ranged from 33 to 35 out of 36, and 96% ranked in the top ten percent of their respective high school classes.[76][78][77]
Approximately 35–40% percent of the incoming students of the Class of 2027 have been admitted through the Early Decision application round. Northwestern's early decision admission numbers for the Class of 2027 reveal an early acceptance rate of about 20%, with approximately 1,000 students being admitted out of 5,220 applications.[79]
In April 2016, Northwestern became one of 15 Illinois universities to sign on to the Chicago Star Partnership, a City Colleges initiative aimed at increasing opportunities for students in the city's public school district. Through this partnership, the university provides scholarships to students who "graduate from Chicago Public Schools, get their associate degree from one of the city's community colleges, and then get admitted to a bachelor's degree program."[80]
The university provides instruction in over 200 formal academic concentrations, 124 undergraduate programs, and 145 graduate and professional programs,[92][93]including variousdual degreeprograms.[94][95]Although there is no university-widecore curriculum,a foundation in theliberal artsand sciences, sometimes referred as distribution requirements, are required for all majors; individual degree requirements are set by the faculty of each school.[70]The university heavily emphasizesinterdisciplinarylearning, with 72% of undergrads combining two or more areas of study.[96]Northwestern's full-time undergraduate and graduate programs operate on an approximately 10-weekacademic quarter systemwith the academic year beginning in late September and ending in early June. Under the regular academic calendar, each quarter contains a four-day Reading Period in between the end of classes and the beginning of finals.[97]Undergraduates typically take four courses each quarter and twelve courses in an academic year and[98]are required to complete at least twelve quarters on campus to graduate. Northwestern offers honors, accelerated, and joint degree programs in medicine, science, mathematics, engineering, and journalism.[99]The comprehensive doctoral graduate program has high coexistence with undergraduate programs.[91]
Northwestern maintains a student-to-faculty ratio of 6:1. 77% of the classes have less than 20 students while 5.5% of the classes have more than 50 students.[94]
Melville J. Herskovits Library of African Studies: established in 1954, and named afterMelville J. Herskovits,the Herskovits Library is the largest separateAfricanacollection in existence. The collection includes more than 400,000 volumes (including 20,000 in African languages), 250 current newspapers and 6,000 non-circulating rare books.[109]
The Music Library: contains extensive holdings of printed music and archival materials documenting music composed since 1945. The collection includes more than 300,000 items, including theJohn Cagecollection.
Transportation Library: one of the largest transportation information centers in the world with a collection of over 500,000 items covering air, rail, highways, pipeline, water, urban transport and logistics.
The Art Library: the Art Library holds over 160,000 books and journals about art, architecture, and design, with particular strength in 19th-century art and architecture.Seabury Hall houses some sections of the Styberg Library
Charles Deering McCormick Library of Special Collections include an extensive collection on The Long 60s, Social History, Political History, Literature, Arts, Journalism, Twentieth Century Music, Theatre, Performance, and Women's History.[110]The Special Collections department at Charles Deering McCormick Library holds approximately 8,000 items related to theSiege and Commune of Paris during 1870–1871.This collection is one of the largest and most diverse of its kind in the world and contains a captivating range of original photographs, posters, caricatures, lithographs, manuscripts, books, newspapers, and other artifacts that were created in response to the significant events that occurred during that year. These events included France's defeat in theFranco-Prussian War,the downfall of theSecond Empire,the four-month siege of Paris, and the violent civil war that ended the Commune uprising. The core of the collection was acquired in 1971, the centenary year of the Commune's end, when the library's astute staff purchased most of the offerings of a well-known French book dealer. Since then, many other acquisitions have been added to the collection. The Franco-Prussian War was among the earliest conflicts to be photographed, and the collection includes many such images, along with depictions of the devastated Parisian landscape and some of the earliest examples of manipulated photographs created for propaganda purposes.[111]The collection also encompasses a significant amount of material that covers military activities during theSpanish Civil Warand the early stages ofWorld War IIfrom both sides of the conflict. In addition, the collection showcases the impact of warfare on civilians who were displaced or killed in various parts of Spain, including any interactions with France and Germany during that period. The collection also features various other topics that offer insight intoSpain's cultural and social dynamics throughout history.The photographs in the collection were sourced from international press outlets and private collections and are accompanied by captions that provide historical background and context for the subjects depicted.[112]
Seeley G. Mudd Library: Located on North Campus, Mudd Library was renovated in 2017 with collaboration and technology in mind.
Charles Deering Memorial Library: built in 1933, and named for Charles Deering, the library houses the art library, the Charles Deering McCormick Library of Special Collections, the Music Library and University Archives.
Boas Mathematics Library: the library serves primarily the Mathematics Department and Statistics Department and has a research collection in pure mathematics and statistics of around 34,000 volumes.
Northwestern, along with 15 other universities, participates in digitizing its collections as part of theGoogle Book Searchproject.[116]Northwestern University Library is a partner with theNative American Education Services College(NAES), the American Indian Association of Illinois (AIAI), and Northwestern University's Center for Native American and Indigenous Research in the NAES College Digital Library Project, which preserves the NAES College library and archives.[117]
Northwestern was elected to theAssociation of American Universitiesin 1917 and isclassifiedas an R1 university, denoting "very high" research activity.[91][118]Northwestern's schools of management, engineering, and communication are among the most academically productive in the nation.[119]The university received $923.8 million in research funding and $421 million in NIH funding in 2022 and houses over 90 school-based and 40 university-wide research institutes and centers.[78][120][121]Northwestern also supports nearly 1,500 research laboratories across two campuses, predominantly in the medical and biological sciences.[121]Also, Northwestern houses more than 50 University Research Institutes & Centers (URICS), which consists of institutes and initiatives that combine multiple areas of study to pursue research across domains such asquantum information,policy research,bioelectronics,and more.[122][123]
Northwestern is home to the Center for Interdisciplinary Exploration and Research in Astrophysics, Northwestern Institute for Complex Systems, Nanoscale Science and Engineering Center, Materials Research Center, Center for Quantum Devices, Institute for Policy Research, International Institute for Nanotechnology, Center for Catalysis and Surface Science, Buffet Center for International and Comparative Studies, the Initiative for Sustainability and Energy at Northwestern,[124]and theArgonne/Northwestern Solar Energy Research Centeramong other centers for interdisciplinary research.[125]
The E989 storage-ring magnet atFermilab,which was originally designed for the E821 experiment. The geometry allows for a very uniform magnetic field to be established in the ring.
In addition, Northwestern University cooperates with research institutions such asArgonne National LaboratoryandFermi National Accelerator Laboratory (FermiLab).Proceeding in cooperation with these laboratories, the Center for Applied Physics and Superconducting Technologies (CAPST) and the Initiative at Northwestern for Quantum Information Research and Engineering (INQUIRE) have attracted attention in recent years.[127][128]Northwestern's investment and collaboration areas include particle physics, quantum physics, quantum information technologies, and superconducting technologies.
In 2013, Northwestern researchers disclosed 247 inventions, filed 270 patent applications, received 81 foreign and US patents, started 12 companies, and generated $79.8 million in licensing revenue. The Innovation and New Ventures Office (INVO) has been involved in creating the Center for Developmental Therapeutics (CDT)[129]and the Center for Device Development (CD2).[130]
Northwestern files hundreds of patents each year, ranking among the top 20 universities in the world in terms of U.S. utility patents.[131]One of the university's most successful current patents is pregabalin, a synthesized organic molecule developed at the university by chemistry professorRichard Bruce Silverman(for whom Silverman Hall was named). It was ultimately marketed asLyrica,a drug sold byPfizer,to combat epilepsy, neuropathic pain, and fibromyalgia.
The university also runs The Garage, and interdisciplinary innovation and entrepreneurship space and community for student-runstartups.The Garage provides students with resources and programming related to entrepreneurship and mentorship.[132]The Garage houses approximately 90 student-founded startups per academic quarter.[133]Its programs and resources are available to all Northwestern students.
Northwestern enrolls more than 8000 undergraduate students and more than 8000 graduate students each year, as mentioned on the "About Our Students: Recruit at Northwestern" page on Northwestern's website.[needs update]The freshman retention rate for that year was 99%.[135][136]Eighty-six percent of students graduated after four years and 96% graduated after six years.[136][137]These numbers can largely be attributed to the university's various specialized degree programs, such as those that allow students to earn master's degrees with a one- or two-year extension of their undergraduate program.[136]
The undergraduate population is drawn from all 50 states and over 75 foreign countries. Twenty percent of students in the Class of 2024 werePell Grantrecipients and 12.56% were first-generation college students.[138]Northwestern also enrolls the ninth-mostNational Merit Scholarsof any university in the nation.
In Fall 2014,[needs update]40.6% of undergraduate students were enrolled in the Weinberg College of Arts and Sciences, 21.3% in the McCormick School of Engineering and Applied Science, 14.3% in the School of Communication, 11.7% in the Medill School of Journalism, 5.7% in the Bienen School of Music, and 6.4% in the School of Education and Social Policy.[139]The five most commonly awarded undergraduate degrees are economics, journalism, communication studies, psychology, and political science.[140]The Kellogg School of Management'sMBA,the School of Law'sJD,and the Feinberg School of Medicine'sMDare the three largestprofessional degreeprograms by enrollment.[139]With 2,446 students enrolled in science, engineering, and health fields,[141]the largest graduate programs by enrollment include chemistry, integrated biology, material sciences, electrical and computer engineering, neuroscience, and economics.[142]
The Rockin front of theUniversity Hall"Alma Mater" is the Northwestern Hymn. The original Latin version of the hymn was written in 1907 by Peter Christian Lutkin, the first dean of the School of Music from 1883 to 1931. In 1953, then Director-of-Bands John Paynter recruited an undergraduate music student, Thomas Tyra ('54), to write an English version of the song, which today is performed by the Marching Band during halftime at Wildcat football games and by the orchestra during ceremonies and other special occasions.[146]
Purple became Northwestern's official color in 1892,[147]replacing black and gold after a university committee concluded that too many other universities had used these colors. Today, Northwestern's official color is purple, although white is something of an official color as well, being mentioned in both the university's earliest song,Alma Mater(1907) ( "Hail to purple, hail to white" ) and in many university guidelines.[148][149]
The Rock,a six-foot-highquartziteboulder donated by the Class of 1902, originally served as a water fountain. It was painted over by students in the 1940s as a prank and has since become a popular vehicle of self-expression on campus. By tradition, students must guard it for twenty-four hours before painting it. To fulfill this rule, the rock is streamed 24/7 onYoutube.[150]
Dillo Day,held at Northwestern University, is an all-day music festival that occurs towards the end of the spring quarter on theLakefill.Established during the 1972/73 academic year, the event is orchestrated by Mayfest Productions, a student organization, and is the largest entirely student-managed music festival in the United States.[146][151]
March Through the Arch is a tradition at Northwestern University that symbolically marks a student's start to the university. This event takes place during Wildcat Welcome week. Students pass through the Weber Arch on campus, representing their entry into a new chapter of their academic and personal lives. When graduating students march back through the arch.[152]
Primal Screamis held every quarter at 9 p.m. on the Sunday before finals week. Students lean out of windows or gather in courtyards and scream to help relieve stress.[153]
One of Northwestern's student charity events isDance Marathon.It has raised over $1 million for charity every year since 2011 and has donated a total of $13 million to children's charities since its conception.[154]
The Northwestern Community Development Corps (NCDC) is a student-run organization that connects hundreds of student volunteers to community development projects in Evanston and Chicago throughout the year. The group also holds a number of annual community events, including Project Pumpkin, aHalloweencelebration that provides over 800 local children with carnival events and a safe venue totrick-or-treateach year.[155]
Many Northwestern students participate in the Freshman Urban Program, an initiative for students interested in community service to work on addressing social issues facing the city of Chicago,[156]and the university's Global Engagement Studies Institute (GESI) programs, including group service-learning expeditions in Asia, Africa, or Latin America in conjunction with the Foundation for Sustainable Development.[157]
Regenstein Hall of Music, which houses the A Cappella clubs
Northwestern is a prolific producer of successful entertainers and a nationally reputed hub for collegiate performing arts. The Student Theatre Coalition, or StuCo, organizes nine student theater companies, multiple performance groups, and over sixty independent productions each year.[160]Productions includeThe Waa-Mu Show,an original musical written and produced entirely by students,[161]and theDolphin show.Children's theater is represented on campus by Griffin's Tale and Purple Crayon Players.[162]
The undergraduate students maintain twelvea cappellagroups, including THUNK a cappella, theNorthwestern Undertones,Freshman Fifteen A Cappella, ShireiNU A Cappella, and Purple Haze.[164]
Northwestern's performing arts scene also includes Boomshaka, which is the university's drum, dance, and rhythm ensemble.
Norris University Center,the main center for student unionEstablished in 1881,The Daily Northwesternis the university's main student newspaper and is published on weekdays during the academic year. It is directed entirely by undergraduate students and owned by the Students Publishing Company. Although it serves the Northwestern community, theDailyhas no business ties to the university and is supported wholly by advertisers.
North by Northwesternis an online undergraduate magazine established in September 2006 by students at the Medill School of Journalism. Published on weekdays, it consists of updates on news stories and special events throughout the year. It also publishes a quarterly print magazine.
Syllabusis the university's undergraduate yearbook. It is distributed in late May and features a culmination of the year's events at Northwestern. First published in 1885, the yearbook is published by Students Publishing Company and edited by Northwestern students.
Northwestern Flipsideis an undergraduate satirical magazine. Founded in 2009, it publishes a weekly issue both in print and online.
Heliconis the university's undergraduate literary magazine. Established in 1979, it is published twice a year: a web issue is released in the winter and a print issue with a web complement is released in the spring.
The Protestis Northwestern's quarterly social justice magazine.
The Northwestern division of Student Multicultural Affairs supports a number of publications for particular cultural groups includingAhora,a magazine about Hispanic and Latino/a culture and campus life;Al Bayan,published by the Northwestern Muslim-cultural Student Association;BlackBoard Magazine,a magazine centered around African-American student life; andNUAsian,a magazine and blog on Asian and Asian-American culture and issues.[165]
TheNorthwestern University Law Reviewis a scholarly legal publication and student organization at Northwestern University School of Law. Its primary purpose is to publish a journal of broad legal scholarship. TheLaw Reviewpublishes six issues each year. Student editors make the editorial and organizational decisions and select articles submitted by professors, judges, and practitioners, as well as student pieces. TheLaw Reviewalso publishes scholarly pieces weekly on theColloquy.
TheNorthwestern Interdisciplinary Law Reviewis a scholarly legal publication published annually by an editorial board of Northwestern undergraduates. Its mission is to publish interdisciplinary legal research, drawing from fields such as history, literature, economics, philosophy, and art. Founded in 2008, the journal features articles by professors, law students, practitioners, and undergraduates. It is funded by the Buffett Center for International and Comparative Studies and the Office of the Provost.
WNUR (89.3FM) is a 7,200-watt radio station that broadcasts to the north side of Chicago, as well as the northern suburbs of Evanston and Skokie. WNUR's programming consists of music (jazz, classical, and rock), literature, politics, current events, varsity sports (football, men's and women's basketball, baseball, softball, and women's lacrosse), and breaking news on weekdays.[167]
Studio 22 is a student-run production company that produces roughly ten films each year. The organization financed the first filmZach Braffdirected, and many of its films have featured students who would later go into professional acting, includingZach GilfordofFriday Night Lights.[168]
Applause for a Causeis currently the only student-run production company in the nation to create feature-length films for charity. It was founded in 2010 and has raised over $5,000 to date for various local and national organizations across the United States.
Northwestern News Networkis a student television news and sports network, serving the Northwestern andEvanstoncommunities. Its studios and newsroom are located on the fourth floor of the McCormick Tribune Center on Northwestern's Evanston campus. NNN is funded by the Medill School of Journalism.
Northwestern'sMock Trialteam had two teams qualify for the 2018 National Championship Tournament hosted by the American Mock Trial Association, making Northwestern one of seven schools in the nation to be represented by multiple teams at the competition.[169]One of the two teams finished 9th in their division and is ranked 20th in the country out of roughly 750 teams for the 2018–2019 season.[170][171][172]
Ryan Field,Northwestern's 49,000-seat football stadium
Northwestern is a charter member of theBig Ten Conference.It was the conference's only private university until 2024's addition of USC and possesses by far the smallest undergraduate enrollment (the next-smallest member, theUniversity of Iowa,is roughly three times as large, with almost 22,000 undergraduates).
Northwestern fields 19 intercollegiate athletic teams (8 men's and 11 women's) in addition to numerous club sports.[173]Twelve of Northwestern's varsity programs have hadNCAAor bowl postseason appearances. Northwestern is one of five private AAU members to compete in NCAAPower Five conferences(the other four areDuke,Stanford,USC,andVanderbilt) and maintains a 98% NCAA Graduation Success Rate, the highest among Football Bowl Subdivision schools.
In 2018, the school opened the Walter Athletics Center, a $270 million state-of-the-art lakefront facility for its athletics teams.[174]
Before 1924, Northwestern teams were known as "The Purple" and unofficially as "The Fighting Methodists." The name Wildcats was bestowed upon the university in 1924 by Wallace Abbey, a writer for theChicago Daily Tribune,who wrote that even in a loss to the University of Chicago, "Football players had not come down from Evanston; wildcats would be a name better suited to [Coach Glenn]Thistletwaite's boys. "[175]The name was so popular that university board members made "Wildcats" the official nickname just months later. In 1972, the student body voted to change the official nickname to "Purple Haze," but the new name never stuck.[176]
The mascot of Northwestern Athletics isWillie the Wildcat.Prior to Willie, the team mascot had been a live, caged bear cub from theLincoln Park Zoonamed Furpaw, who was brought to the playing field on game days to greet the fans. After a losing season, the team decided that Furpaw was to blame for its misfortune and decided to select a new mascot. Willie the Wildcat made his debut in 1933, first as a logo and then in three dimensions in 1947, when members of the Alpha Delta fraternity dressed as wildcats during a Homecoming Parade.
The Northwestern Wildcats football team is aDivision Icollege football team and member of the Big Ten Conference. The team has a history dating back to 1882. They are known as the Wildcats, a nickname given by aChicago Tribunereporter in 1924 after observing a game where the players displayed a strong and fierce presence, akin to a "wall of purple wildcats."[177]
The team has achieved success, winning three Big Ten championships or co-championships since 1995. Additionally, they have been eligible to participate in bowl games five times between 2015 and 2020. Northwestern takes pride in its academic achievements as well, consistently ranking among the top football teams in graduation rates. They have been honored with the AFCA Academic Achievement Award four times since 2002.[178]
The Wildcats play their home games atRyan Field,formerly known as Dyche Stadium, a venue they have called home since 1926. Given their close proximity to Chicago and strong connections to the city, Northwestern Football is often recognized as "Chicago's Big Ten Team."[179]
Current uniform of Northwestern's football team sponsored byUnder Armour
In 1882 as a group of Northwestern men played a "football heat" against a group of Lake Forest men. The Wildcats have since achieved an all-time-high rank of No. 1 during the 1936 and 1962 seasons, which has thus far not been duplicated. The team plays home games at Ryan Field in Evanston, Illinois. The Wildcats have participated in a total of 16 bowl games, including appearances in 10 seasons between 2008 and 2020. During the 2016–2018 seasons, they secured victory in three consecutive bowl games. In 2020, the Wildcats claimed the title of Big Ten West Champions and were champions in their bowl game.
TheHelms Athletic Foundationnamed the men'sbasketballteam the 1931 National Champion.[188]In 2017, the men's basketball team earned an NCAA berth for the first time in the program's history. They won their first-round matchup against Vanderbilt University but lost to number-one seed Gonzaga in the second round.[189]
In 1998, two formerNorthwestern basketballplayers were charged and convicted for sports bribery, having been paid toshave pointsin games against three other Big Ten schools during the 1995 season.[190][191][192]The football team became embroiled in a different betting scandal later that year when federal prosecutors indicted four former players for perjury related tobettingon their own games.[193]In August 2001, Rashidi Wheeler, a seniorsafety,collapsed and died during practice from anasthma attack.[194][195]An autopsy revealed that he hadephedrine,astimulantbanned by the NCAA, in his system, which prompted Northwestern to investigate the prevalence of stimulants and other banned substances across all of its athletic programs.[196][197]In 2006, the Northwestern women'ssoccerteam was suspended and coach Jenny Haigh resigned following the release of images of allegedhazing.[198][199]
The Wildcats men's basketball team is under the direction of Sullivan-Ubben head men's basketball coach Chris Collins, a role that he has been in since 2013. Collins led the Wildcats to heights never before reached during the 2016–17 season when the program saw a school-record 24 wins and its first NCAA tournament berth and victory in program history. Collins was named as one of four finalists for the Naismith Men's Coach of the Year award in 2017.[200]
The Wildcats single national championship is from 1931, retro-picked by the Helms Athletic Foundation and, later, by the Premo-Porrett Power Poll. Since then, the Wildcats have played in the National Invitation Tournament seven times, most recently in 2012. The men's basketball program was the first to open the renovated Welsh-Ryan Arena[201]on November 2, 2018, in an exhibition game against McKendree. The state-of-the-art facility was built to be the most accessible arena in college athletics and seats 7,039. The team is cheered on by the Wildside student section.
In 2017, the Wildcats saw its highest draft pick in program history withNia Coffey,selected fifth overall by theSan Antonio Stars.The first player drafted in program history was Amy Jaeschke in 2011, selected 27th overall by theChicago Sky.[202]
The Northwestern Fencing program competes in theCentral Collegiate Conferenceand has a tenured history of success. Zach Moss is the programs head coach, a role that he has been in since 2016. Following a historic 2017–18 season, Moss was named the Midwest Fencing Conference Coach of the Year as the Wildcats captured their fifth-ever conference championship and finished with threeAll-Americansat the NCAA Championships. Additionally, the team set the program record for most wins in a season with 47 and the program record for longest win streak at 25. The 2018–19 season saw more milestones for the Wildcats including a 39–5 record, an 11th-place finish at the NCAA Championships, and a second consecutive conference championship. The Wildcats achieved the highest ranking in program history during the season at second in the country and amassed 39 victories at the conference championships.[203]
The Northwestern Field Hockey team plays its home games at Lakeside Field, adjacent to Lanny and Sharon Martin Stadium on the lakefront. The Wildcats are led by head coach Tracey Fuchs, a role that she has been in since 2009. Fuchs has led the Wildcats to two Big Ten titles and three NCAA tournament appearances. Under Fuchs' direction, the Wildcats have posted winning seasons in 10 of her 11 seasons.
The Northwestern Wildcats field hockey team has gathered 6 regular-season Big Ten titles and 1 tournament title in addition to 14 NCAA tournament appearances. In 2021, the team won the NCAA tournament, followed by a championship game appearance in 2022.
Northwestern lacrosse has won thenational championshipinwomen's lacrossefive straight times, from 2005 to 2009, and then again in 2011 and 2012, giving them seven championships in eight years. In 2007, the team joinedMarylandas the only other school to three-peat. The run started in 2005, when the team enjoyed a perfect season and defeated many long-established east-coast schools after only five years as a varsity sport to capture the school's first national championship since 1941. In doing so, it became the westernmost institution to ever win the title. Soon after, the team made national news when members appeared in aWhite Housephoto withPresident Bushwearing thong sandals, orflip-flops,dubbed as the "White House flip-flop flap." The 2009 season also was an undefeated run. In their five consecutive championship seasons, the Wildcats have a 106–3 record. The Wildcats are led by head coachKelly Amonte-Hiller,a role that she has been in since 2002. Most recently, the Wildcats won their first-ever Big Ten Championship in 2019 and won their first-ever Big Ten regular season championship in 2021.[204][205][206]
The Northwestern Wildcats wrestling program hosts home matches in Welsh-Ryan Arena and practices in the Ken Kraft Wrestling Room, located in Anderson Hall. The Wildcats are led by Matt Storniolo, a role that he has been in since 2016. The Wildcats have had 40 Big Ten individual champions in addition to 10 NCAA individual champions and 75-plus All-Americans.[207][208]
The men's golf team has won eight Big Ten Conference championships: 1925, 1937, 1939, 1948, 1999, 2000, 2001, 2006. They have twice placed second in theNCAA Championships:1939, 1945.Luke Donaldwon the NCAA Individual Championship in 1999. He was Big Ten Conference Player of the year in 1999, andDavid Merkowwas named the same in 2006. Donald was rankednumber 1in theOfficial World Golf Rankingfor 56 weeks in 2011 and 2012.
Northwestern alumni have included numerous prominent figures in journalism, government, literature, business, science, performing arts, education, and medicine. Among U.S. universities, Northwestern ranks eighth in the number of billionaires produced.[209]
Some of Northwestern's alumni include U.S. Senator and presidential candidateGeorge McGovern,Nobel Prize-winning economistGeorge J. Stigler,Nobel Prize-winning novelistSaul Bellow,Pulitzer Prize-winning composer and diaristNed Rorem,decorated composerHoward Hanson,Deputy Prime Minister ofTurkeyAli Babacan,historian and novelistWilma Dykeman,sociologist and adviser ofCEPALFernando Filgueira, and the founder of the presidential prayer breakfastAbraham Vereide.
^"Keeping the Faith".Northwestern.Archivedfrom the original on July 10, 2020.RetrievedJuly 20,2007.Northwestern's own religious identity stretches back to its genesis. The University began with a prayer — the school's nine founders (all of them Methodists, three of them ministers) knelt in worship before launching their first organizational meeting. During that meeting, they agreed to establish a university under the patronage of the Methodist Episcopal Church. Throughout most of its history, Northwestern kept a strong Methodist tie. Regional church conferences chose a member of the board of trustees, and until 1890 every University president was an ordained Methodist minister.
^"Planning a university to serve the Northwest Territory".Northwestern University. Archived fromthe originalon October 27, 2018.RetrievedAugust 15,2013.Although the founders were strong Methodists — three of them were Methodist ministers and before the meeting all those in attendance joined in prayer — they also firmly believed that Northwestern should be an institution that would serve all people. At that time in history, particularly in the Midwest, many religious denominations founded colleges aimed at educating only members of their religion.
^Barnes, Sarah (August 1999). "A Lost Opportunity in American Education? The Proposal to Merge the University of Chicago and Northwestern University".American Journal of Education.107(4). University of Chicago Press: 289–320.doi:10.1086/444224.S2CID144002429.
^Harold F. Williamson and Payson S. Wild,Northwestern University: A History, 1850–1975(1976) pp 180–95.
^Quinn, Patrick (Winter 1993)."Wartime on Campus"(PDF).Northwestern Perspective.Archived(PDF)from the original on May 9, 2008.
^Jeter, Jon (February 17, 1999). "A New Ending To an Old Story; Journalism Students Rewrite the Case Of an Innocent Man Set to Die".The Washington Post.
^Bumiller, Elisabeth (November 9, 1981). "The Streak! Northwestern Sets Football Record, 29 Demoralizing Losses in a Row; Northwestern's Streak".The Washington Post.p. D1.
^Pomerantz, Gary (September 25, 1982). "Northwestern: Paradise Found After 34 Lost Weekends".The Washington Post.p. F1.
−2.02)
+7.8)
no change)
−0.03)
Robert Todd Lincoln,U.S. Ambassador to the United Kingdom; 35thU.S. Secretary of War(LLB, 1866)
William Jennings Bryan,41stU.S. Secretary of State(LLB, 1883)
Charles Horace Mayo,founder of theMayo Clinic(MD, 1888)
Arthur Goldberg,U.S. Supreme CourtJustice (BS, 1929; JD, 1930)
Saul Bellow,Nobel Prize-winning novelist (BA, 1937)
Cheddi Jagan,4th president and 1st premier and chief minister ofGuyana(DDS, 1942)
John Paul Stevens,U.S. Supreme CourtJustice (JD, 1947)
Harold Washington,51st Mayor ofChicago(JD, 1952)
Ingvar Carlsson,29thprime minister of Sweden(C1961)
George R. R. Martin,author ofA Game of Thrones(BS, 1970; MS, 1971)
Ginni Rometty,president and CEO ofIBM(BS, 1979)
Stephen Colbert,Emmy Award-winning comedian (BS, 1986)
Gwynne Shotwell,president ofSpaceX(B.S. 1986; M.S. 1988)
David Schwimmer,Emmy Award-nominated actor fromFriends(BS, 1988)
Matt Murray,editor-in-chief ofThe Washington Post(BS, 1998; MS, 1998)
Ali Babacan,deputy prime minister ofTurkey(MBA, 1992)
Seth Meyers,host ofLate Night with Seth Meyers(BS, 1996)
Meghan, Duchess of Sussex,member of theBritish royal familyand former actress (BA, 2003)
Alexander De Croo,71st prime minister ofBelgium(MBA, 2004)
Daniel Noboa,48th president ofEcuador(MBA, 2019)
