Ongole
Ongole | |
|---|---|
City | |
 Historic Andhra Baptist Mission High School (estd:19th Century) which was upgraded to Junior College | |
 Interactive map | |
  Ongole Location in Andhra Pradesh, India | |
| Coordinates:15°30′22″N80°02′56″E/ 15.506°N 80.049°E | |
| Country | India |
| State | Andhra Pradesh |
| District | Prakasam |
| Incorporated (Municipality) | 1876 |
| Incorporated (Corporation) | 25 January 2012 |
| Wards | 50 |
| Government | |
| • Type | Mayor–Council |
| • Body | Ongole Municipal Corporation |
| •MLAs | Balineni Srinivasa Reddy,YSRCP |
| •MP | Magunta Sreenivasulu Reddy,YSRCP |
| •Municipal commissioner | Kanthamaneni Sakunthala |
| Area | |
| • Total | 132.45 km2(51.14 sq mi) |
| Population | |
| • Total | 228,629 |
| • Density | 1,700/km2(4,500/sq mi) |
| • Households | 51,768 |
| Households[4] | |
| Literacy | |
| • Literates | 153,628 |
| • Literacy rate | 83.04% |
| Languages | |
| • Official | Telugu |
| Time zone | UTC+5:30(IST) |
| PIN | 523001, 523002, 523286 |
| Area code | +91–8592 |
| Vehicle registration | AP |
| Website | ongole |
Ongole(Telugu pronunciation:[oŋɡoːlu]) is a city inPrakasam districtof the Indian state ofAndhra Pradesh.It is the headquarters of Prakasam district.[5][6]It is famous forOngole cattle,an indigenous breed ofoxen.[7]
Etymology[edit]
Ongole's name derives from theSanskritword 'Ongole', meaning the 'town ofShiva'
History[edit]
The city's history dates from 230 BCE with the era of theMauryasandSatavahanaswho ruled most of what is now Andhra Pradesh. A few inscriptions dating to the Satavahana period have been found in China Ganjam, a village near Ongole. According to the historical inscriptions available at Sri Raja Rajeswara Swami Temple complex, the city was founded byCholas.Ongole is also mentioned in the inscriptions of thePallavarulers of the third and fourth century A.D. The city was also ruled byKrishna Deva Raya.This place came into the limelight again during theKakatiya dynasty,when the nearby towns ofMotupalliand Vodarevu served as major seaports. The last dynasty to rule the Ongole region before the British was the Mandapati dynasty (zamindars). Kaasi Visweswara Swami temple, Chenna Kesava Swami Temple and Veeranjaneya Swami temple were built in the early 17th century by King Vankayalapati mantri and his chief of army.
Andhra Baptist Mission High School founded in the late 19th century by American Baptist missionaries, is the oldest educational institution in the city.
Ongole district came into existence on February 2, 1970, with the carving out portions ofMarkapur revenue divisionfromKurnool,Ongole revenue divisionfromGunturandKandukur revenue divisionfromNellore districts.It was renamed asPrakasam districtin 1972 in memory of freedom fighter, later Chief Minister of the composite Madras State and the first Chief Minister of Andhra Pradesh State,Tanguturi Prakasam,who was born at Vinodarayunipalem, a hamlet of Kanuparthi village ofNaguluppalapadu mandalof this district.
Geography[edit]
Ongole is located at 15.5°N 80.05°E. It has an average elevation of 10 m (33 ft)AMSLand is situated on the plains. The city is around 149 kilometres (93 mi) to the south west of Amaravati, the stat capital.
Climate[edit]
Summer temperatures reaches as high as 44 °C (111 °F) during March–May.[8][9]During the monsoon season, the city receives lot of rain. The annual average rainfall 794.5 mm. The winter season from November to February is pleasant. Winter months are usually dry, with little to no rainfall. The average annual temperature is 24.5 C. Cyclones occur more commonly during October–December bringing rains and heavy winds.
| Climate data for Ongole (1981–2010, extremes 1944–2012) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 36.5 (97.7) |
38.3 (100.9) |
43.3 (109.9) |
44.4 (111.9) |
47.4 (117.3) |
47.2 (117.0) |
41.8 (107.2) |
40.2 (104.4) |
41.0 (105.8) |
39.5 (103.1) |
36.2 (97.2) |
33.9 (93.0) |
47.4 (117.3) |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 30.6 (87.1) |
32.4 (90.3) |
34.6 (94.3) |
36.6 (97.9) |
39.7 (103.5) |
38.3 (100.9) |
35.8 (96.4) |
35.0 (95.0) |
34.9 (94.8) |
33.0 (91.4) |
31.3 (88.3) |
30.6 (87.1) |
34.4 (93.9) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | 20.2 (68.4) |
21.8 (71.2) |
24.0 (75.2) |
26.3 (79.3) |
28.0 (82.4) |
28.2 (82.8) |
26.9 (80.4) |
26.5 (79.7) |
26.0 (78.8) |
24.8 (76.6) |
22.5 (72.5) |
20.6 (69.1) |
24.7 (76.5) |
| Record low °C (°F) | 14.0 (57.2) |
14.4 (57.9) |
17.5 (63.5) |
19.4 (66.9) |
16.1 (61.0) |
22.4 (72.3) |
21.2 (70.2) |
21.3 (70.3) |
21.3 (70.3) |
18.3 (64.9) |
16.7 (62.1) |
15.1 (59.2) |
14.0 (57.2) |
| Average rainfall mm (inches) | 18.7 (0.74) |
4.1 (0.16) |
18.3 (0.72) |
12.9 (0.51) |
68.5 (2.70) |
61.0 (2.40) |
108.3 (4.26) |
115.5 (4.55) |
148.0 (5.83) |
247.0 (9.72) |
175.1 (6.89) |
31.5 (1.24) |
1,009 (39.72) |
| Average rainy days | 0.8 | 0.9 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 2.4 | 3.6 | 6.5 | 7.3 | 6.8 | 8.8 | 5.8 | 1.8 | 45.6 |
| Averagerelative humidity(%)(at 17:30IST) | 62 | 59 | 60 | 62 | 54 | 49 | 54 | 56 | 62 | 70 | 69 | 65 | 60 |
| Source:India Meteorological Department[10][11] | |||||||||||||
Demographics[edit]
Based on the2011 Census of India,the city had a population of 228,629. The sex ratio of 994 females per 1000 males is higher than the national average of 940 per 1000.[12]19,744 children are in the age group of 0–6 years, of which 10,228 are boys and 9,516 are girls&a ratio of 935 per 1000. The average literacy rate stands at 83.04% with 153,628 literates, significantly higher than the state average of 67.41%.[13][14]
Governance[edit]
Civic administration and politics[edit]
It is constituted as amunicipalityin 1876 and was upgraded tomunicipal corporationon 25 January 2012.[15]The jurisdiction of the corporation is spread over an area of 132.45 km2(51.14 sq mi) with 50 election wards.[16]The agglomerated villages that were merged into Ongole corporation are: Cheruvukommupalem, Throvagunta, Muktinuthalapadu, Dasarajupalli, Koppolu, Narasapuram Agraharam, Pellur,Pernamitta,Vengamukkapalem.
The city is part ofOngole assembly constituencyandOngole Lok Sabha constituency.[17]Balineni Srinivasa Reddyis the presentMLAof the constituency fromYSR Congress Party.[18]The constituency is a part ofOngole (Lok Sabha constituency)which was won byMagunta Sreenivasulu Reddyof YSR Congress Party.[19]
Economy[edit]
 |
Agriculture is the primary industry of Ongole, and the city is a major center fortobaccotrading in Andhra Pradesh.
Ongole bullsare a breed of oxen that are exported to many countries. The Brahman bull in America is an off-breed of the Ongole. Ongole Island, in Malaysia, holds many Ongole oxen. The population ofZebuoff-breed descended animals in Brazil, which contain a large Ongole component, was over 100 million in 1995.[20]The original breed of Ongole stud bulls are found in a small region around Ongole town between the Gundlakamma and Musi rivers.
Transport[edit]
National Highway 16,a part ofGolden Quadrilateralhighway network, bypasses the city.[21]National Highway 216connects the city withKathipudi.[22]The city has a total road length of 738.50 kilometres (458.88 mi).[23]Ongole bus station is owned and operated byAndhra Pradesh State Road Transport Corporation.[24][25]The station is also equipped with abus depot.[26]The 'Passengers delight project' was implemented at the bus station for improving cleanliness and modernizing it.[27]Ongole railway stationwas established as part of Nellore - Krishna Canal section on 20 December 1898 by Madras and Southern Mahratta Railway System.[28]It is categorized as aNon-Suburban Grade-3 (NSG-3)station in theVijayawada railway division.[29]
Education[edit]
Education is imparted through government and private institutions. Several aided schools decided to become private schools or close down after transferring the staff to the government, when the government decided to stop giving aid.[30]English became the medium of instruction for primary schools in the academic year 2020-21.
Some of the famous educational institutes includeRajiv Gandhi Institute of Medical Sciences(RIMS), QIS College of Engineering and Technology, QIS Institute of Technology,[31]RISE Groups of Institutions,[32]Indira Priyadarshini Law College,Prakasam Engineering College,[33]and thePace Institute of Technology and Sciences.
The city is the headquarters ofAndhra Kesari University,apublic universityestablished on 11 January 2022.[34]
Sports[edit]
The PDCA-CSR Sarma College Ground is one of the home grounds of theAndhra cricket team,with afirst-class cricketstatus and hostsRanji Trophymatches.[35][36]The ground has recorded the first ever triple century by a wicket keeper in Ranji Trophy, achieved bySrikar Bharatof the Andhra cricket team.[37]The police parade grounds hosted the first state-level Girl Football Tournament in October 2016.[38]
Tourism[edit]
Kothapatnambeach (approx 17 km away), Valluramma temple atValluru(about 11 km away),Gundlakamma Reservoir Projectat Mallavaram (approx 20 Km away) are few nearby places of tourist interest.
See also[edit]
References[edit]
- ^"Ongole Municipal Corporation publishes voter classification list".The Hans India.Ongole. 5 June 2019.Archivedfrom the original on 2 January 2021.Retrieved8 June2019.
- ^"Municipality Profile".ongole.cdma.ap.gov.in.Retrieved27 April2019.
- ^"Population statistics".Census of India.The Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India.Retrieved27 April2019.
- ^ab"Statistical Abstract of Andhra Pradesh, 2015"(PDF).Directorate of Economics & Statistics.Government of Andhra Pradesh. p. 44. Archived fromthe original(PDF)on 14 July 2019.Retrieved27 April2019.
- ^ab"District Census Hand Book: Prakasam (Part B)"(PDF).Census of India.Directorate of Census Operations, Andhra Pradesh. 2011. p. 48.Retrieved1 June2019.
- ^"Part III, District and Sub-District (Mandals)"(PDF).Census of India.The Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India. pp. 157, 178.Retrieved27 April2019.
- ^India, The Hans (3 December 2017)."Ongole Cattle".thehansindia.Archivedfrom the original on 5 October 2020.Retrieved27 April2019.
- ^"Fears of severe Rohini karte dispelled".The Hindu.25 May 2007.Archivedfrom the original on 6 April 2021.Retrieved25 May2017.
- ^"Nellore and Ongole record season's highest temperatures".Deccan Chronicle.7 May 2019.Archivedfrom the original on 31 January 2021.Retrieved18 May2019.
- ^ "Station: Ongole Climatological Table 1981–2010"(PDF).Climatological Normals 1981–2010.India Meteorological Department. January 2015. pp. 571–572. Archived fromthe original(PDF)on 5 February 2020.Retrieved19 February2020.
- ^ "Extremes of Temperature & Rainfall for Indian Stations (Up to 2012)"(PDF).India Meteorological Department. December 2016. p. M17. Archived fromthe original(PDF)on 5 February 2020.Retrieved19 February2020.
- ^"Sex Ratio".The Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India.Retrieved3 September2014.
- ^"Census 2011".The Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India.Retrieved26 July2014.
- ^"Literacy of AP (Census 2011)"(PDF).Official Portal of Andhra Pradesh Government. p. 43. Archived fromthe original(PDF)on 14 July 2014.Retrieved5 September2014.
- ^"About Ongole Municipal Corporation".ongole.cdma.ap.gov.in.Retrieved9 June2019.
- ^"Statistical Information of ULBs and UDAs"(PDF).Directorate of Town and Country Planning.Government of Andhra Pradesh. 27 February 2019. p. 3.Retrieved20 May2019.
- ^"Delimitation of Parliamentary and Assembly Constituencies Order, 2008"(PDF).The Election Commission of India.National Informatics Centre. 17 December 2018. p. 20,30. Archived fromthe original(PDF)on 3 October 2018.Retrieved25 April2019.
- ^"MLA".AP State Portal.Retrieved13 October2014.
- ^"Delimitation of Parliamentary and Assembly Constituencies Order, 2008"(PDF).Election Commission of India. pp. 22, 31.Retrieved11 October2014.
- ^Mason, I.L."Breeds of Cattle: Nelore Cattle".Oklahoma University.Retrieved26 April2024.
- ^"National Highways Development Project Map".National Highways Authority of India.Archived fromthe originalon 22 April 2017.Retrieved21 April2017.
- ^"List of National Highways passing through A.P. State".Roads and Buildings Department.Government of Andhra Pradesh. Archived fromthe originalon 28 March 2016.Retrieved11 February2016.
- ^"DETAILS OF ROADS IN EACH ULB OF ANDHRA PRADESH".Archived fromthe originalon 1 August 2016.
- ^"Bus Stations in Districts".Andhra Pradesh State Road Transport Corporation.Retrieved15 March2016.
- ^"Ongole bus station to get five new platforms".The Hindu.Ongole. 3 November 2015.Archivedfrom the original on 6 April 2021.Retrieved15 March2016.
- ^"Depot Name".APSRTC.Retrieved15 March2016.
- ^Murali, S (7 January 2016)."RTC on 'passengers' delight' mission".The Hindu.Ongole.Archivedfrom the original on 6 April 2021.Retrieved15 March2016.
- ^“Administration Report on Railways 1918” page 82 (pdf 90);Retrieved 24 Dec 2017
- ^"Stations – Category-wise (NEW)".South Central Railway.Retrieved23 April2019.
- ^"Ongole: Future of poor students hangs in balance as govt absorbs aided staff".The Hans India. 28 September 2021.
- ^"QIS College of Engineering & Technology:: Ongole".Qiscet.edu.in. 12 July 2013.Retrieved4 March2014.
- ^"Welcome to RISE groups of institutions".RISE Group.Retrieved4 March2014.
- ^"Prakasam Engineering College".Prakasamec. 6 April 2013.Retrieved4 March2014.
- ^"State assembly passes bill to establish two universities".The New Indian Express.Retrieved30 June2022.
- ^Shridharan, J. R. (31 October 2014)."Ongole to host Ranji match".The Hindu.Retrieved5 November2016.
- ^Murali, S. (12 January 2015)."Ongole cricket stadium (Sarma college grounds), a feather in ACA's cap".The Hindu.Retrieved5 November2016.
- ^"Srikar Bharat – First wicketkeeper to score a triple century in Ranji Trophy".Cricket Country.12 February 2015.Archivedfrom the original on 14 August 2018.Retrieved5 November2016.
- ^"First state-level girl football tournament at Ongole".The Hans India.6 October 2016.Retrieved5 November2016.
External links[edit]
