Orzesze
Orzesze | |
|---|---|
 Church of Saints Peter and Paul | |
 Coat of arms | |
  Orzesze | |
| Coordinates:50°9′N18°45′E/ 50.150°N 18.750°E | |
| Country |  Poland |
| Voivodeship |  Silesian |
| County | Mikołów |
| Gmina | Orzesze(urban gmina) |
| Town rights | 1962 |
| Government | |
| • Mayor | Mirosław Blaski |
| Area | |
| • City | 83.79 km2(32.35 sq mi) |
| Population (2019-06-30[1]) | |
| • City | 21,043 |
| • Density | 250/km2(650/sq mi) |
| •Urban | 2,746,000 |
| •Metro | 5,294,000 |
| Time zone | UTC+1(CET) |
| • Summer (DST) | UTC+2(CEST) |
| Postal code | 43-180 |
| Area code | +48 32 |
| Car plates | SMI |
| Website | http:// orzesze.pl |
Orzesze[ɔˈʐɛʂɛ](German:Orzesche,Silesian:Ôrzeszŏ) is atowninSilesiain southernPoland,nearKatowice.Borders on theMetropolis GZM– metropolis with the population of 2 million. Located in theSilesian Highlands.
It is situated in theSilesian Voivodeshipsince its formation in 1999, previously inKatowice Voivodeship,and before then, of theAutonomous Silesian Voivodeship.Orzesze is one of the towns of the 2.7 million conurbation –Katowice urban areaand within a greaterKatowice-Ostrava metropolitan areapopulated by about 5,294,000 people.[2]The population of the town is 21,043 (2019).
Districts[edit]
Apart from the town proper and its two districts (JaśkowiceandZawada) Orzesze has sevensołectwos:[3]
History[edit]
Orzesze dates back to the Middle Ages, however, for centuries it remained a village, as it was not grantedtown rightsuntil 1962.
During the joint German-Sovietinvasion of Poland,which startedWorld War II,the town was captured by Germany on September 3, 1939[4]after Polish defense. The Germans immediately carried out mass arrests of Polish activists, scouts and insurgents of theSilesian Uprisingsof 1919–1921.[4]On September 3,Wehrmachttroops massacred 12Polesin the present-day districts (sołectwos) ofZawiśćandZgoń,and on September 4, theFreikorpsmassacred 29 Poles from Orzesze in the nearby Pasternik forest.[5]The victims of the latter massacre were 28 men (foresters, railwaymen, workers, farmers, retirees, a musician, editor, photographer, teacher, local official, barber, miner, janitor) and one woman.[5]On September 8, 1939, German troops executed Józef Szindler, the commander of the local insurgent unit.[6]ThePolenlagerNo. 28, aforced labourcamp for Poles, was established in the town in 1942.[7]German occupationended in 1945.
Education[edit]
In 1820 the first school in a renovatedfarmwas funded. In 1838, due to development ofindustrynumber of inhabitants started to grow rapidly. New school was built, at which 389 children were taught in 2 rooms. In 1868 new school arose in the building of the current post office. In that yearLutheransstarted education in their own school. In 1903, a modern school was built.
Neighbouring communes[edit]
Czerwionka-Leszczyny,Łaziska Górne,Mikołów,Ornontowice,Suszec,Wyry,Kobiór,Żory.
References[edit]
- ^"Population. Size and structure and vital statistics in Poland by territorial division in 2019. As of 30th June".stat.gov.pl.Statistics Poland. 2019-10-15.Retrieved2020-03-13.
- ^European Spatial Planning Observation Network(ESPON)"Project 1.4.3".Archived fromthe originalon July 28, 2009.RetrievedMarch 28,2009.
- ^"Statuty sołectw".Retrieved2015-05-06.
- ^abWardzyńska, Maria (2009).Był rok 1939. Operacja niemieckiej policji bezpieczeństwa w Polsce. Intelligenzaktion(in Polish). Warszawa:IPN.p. 131.
- ^abWardzyńska, p. 131-132
- ^Wardzyńska, p. 132
- ^"Polenlager Nr. 28 Orzesze".Bundesarchiv.de(in German).Retrieved28 December2020.
External links[edit]
- Town's official website(in Polish)
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