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Osaka Prefecture

Coordinates:34°41′11″N135°31′12″E/ 34.68639°N 135.52000°E/34.68639; 135.52000
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Osaka Prefecture
Osaka phủ
Prefecture
Japanese transcription(s)
•JapaneseOsaka phủ
•RōmajiŌsaka-fu
大阪城と大阪ビジネスパーク
道頓堀
岸和田だんじり祭
富田林寺内町
百舌鳥古墳群
Flag of Osaka Prefecture
Flag
Official logo of Osaka Prefecture
Symbol
Map
Location of Osaka Prefecture
Coordinates:34°41′11″N135°31′12″E/ 34.68639°N 135.52000°E/34.68639; 135.52000
CountryJapan
RegionKansai
IslandHonshu
CapitalOsaka
SubdivisionsDistricts:5,Municipalities:43
Government
•GovernorHirofumi Yoshimura
Area
• Total1,905.14 km2(735.58 sq mi)
• Rank46th
Population
(1 July 2019)
• Total8,823,358
• Rank3rd
• Density4,600/km2(12,000/sq mi)
GDP
[1]
• TotalJP¥41,188 billion
US$377.9 billion (2019)
ISO 3166 codeJP-27
Websitewww.pref.osaka.lg.jp.e.agb.hp.transer
Symbols of Japan
BirdBull-headed shrike(Lanius bucephalus)
FlowerJapanese apricot(Prunus mume)
Primrose (Primula sieboldii)
TreeGinkgo tree (Ginkgo biloba)

Osaka Prefecture(Osaka phủ,Ōsaka-fu,pronounced[oːsakaɸɯ])is aprefectureofJapanlocated in theKansai regionofHonshu.[2]Osaka Prefecture has a population of 8,778,035 (as of 1 April 2022) and has a geographic area of 1,905square kilometres(736sq mi). Osaka Prefecture bordersHyōgo Prefectureto the northwest,Kyoto Prefectureto the north,Nara Prefectureto the southeast, andWakayama Prefectureto the south.

Osakais the capital and largest city of Osaka Prefecture, and thethird-largest cityin Japan, with other major cities includingSakai,Higashiōsaka,andHirakata.[3]Osaka Prefecture is located on the western coast of theKii Peninsula,forming the western is open toOsaka Bay.Osaka Prefecture is the third-most-populous prefecture, but by geographic area the second-smallest; at 4,600 inhabitants per square kilometre (12,000/sq mi) it is the second-mostdensely populated,below onlyTokyo.Osaka Prefecture is one of Japan's two "urban prefectures"using the designationfu( phủ ) rather than the standardkenfor prefectures, along with Kyoto Prefecture. Osaka Prefecture forms the center of theKeihanshinmetropolitan area, the second-most-populatedurban region in Japanafter theGreater Tokyo areaand one of the world's most productive regions byGDP.

History

[edit]
See also:Historic Sites of Osaka PrefectureandOsaka § History
Historical population
YearPop.±% p.a.
18901,324,216—
19031,823,456+2.49%
19132,461,067+3.04%
19202,587,847+0.72%
19253,059,502+3.41%
19303,540,017+2.96%
19354,297,174+3.95%
19404,792,966+2.21%
19452,800,958−10.19%
19503,857,047+6.61%
19554,618,308+3.67%
19605,504,746+3.57%
19656,657,189+3.87%
19707,620,480+2.74%
19758,278,925+1.67%
19808,473,446+0.47%
19858,668,095+0.46%
19908,734,516+0.15%
19958,797,268+0.14%
20008,805,081+0.02%
20058,817,166+0.03%
20108,865,245+0.11%
20158,838,908−0.06%
source:[4]

Prior to the Meiji Restoration, the modern-day area of Osaka Prefecture was split betweenKawachi,Izumi,[5][6]andSettsuprovinces.[7]

Osaka Prefecture was created on June 21, 1868, at the very beginning of theMeiji era.[8]During the instigation ofFuhanken Sanchiseiin 1868, the prefecture received its suffixfu,designating it as a prefecture.

On September 1, 1956, the city ofOsakawas promoted to acity designated by government ordinanceand thereby divided into 24wards.Sakaibecame the second city in the prefecture to be promoted to a city designated by government ordinance on April 1, 2006, and was divided into seven wards.

In 2000,Fusae Otabecame Japan's first female governor when she replacedKnock Yokoyama,who resigned after prosecution forsexual harassment.[9]Tōru Hashimoto,previously famous as a counselor on television, was elected in 2008 at the age of 38, becoming the youngest governor in Japan.[10]

On June 18, 2018, anearthquakestruck the northern region of the prefecture. It killed 4 people and caused minor damage acrossGreater Osaka.[11]

Proposed reorganisation

[edit]
Main article:Osaka Metropolis plan

In 2010, theOsaka Restoration Associationwas created with backing by Governor Tōru Hashimoto, with hopes of reforming Osaka Prefecture into the Osaka Metropolis and merging with the City of Osaka.[10]In the 2011 local elections, the association was able to win the majority of the prefectural seats and Hashimoto was elected as mayor of Osaka.

Areferendumon the issue was held in 2015 and was defeated with 50.38% of voters opposed to the plan.[10]A second referendum in 2020 was rejected by 50.6% of voters.[12]

Geography

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Osaka Prefecture neighbors the prefectures ofHyōgoandKyotoin the north,Narain the east andWakayamain the south. TheYodoand Yamato Rivers flow through the prefecture.

Prior to the construction ofKansai International Airport,Osaka was the smallest prefecture in Japan. The artificial island on which the airport was built added enough area to make it slightly larger thanKagawa Prefecture.[13][14]

As of 1 April 2012, 11% of the total land area of the prefecture was designated asNatural Parks,namelyKongō-Ikoma-KisenandMeiji no Mori MinōQuasi-National Parks andHokusetsuandHannan-MisakiPrefectural Natural Parks.[15]

Municipalities

[edit]
See also:List of cities in Osaka Prefecture by population
Map of Osaka Prefecture
Government Ordinance Designated CityCityTownVillage
Osaka Prefectural Office
Sakai andDaisenryo Kofun Mozu Tomb
Takatsuki

Since 2005, Osaka consists of 43municipalities:33cities,ninetownsand onevillage.As of 2021, the 33 cities include twodesignated major cities,sevencore citiesand two(transitional) special case cities(after legal abolition in 2015, to be replaced with the core city system in the 2020s).

Flag, namew/o suffix Full name District
(-gun) 		Area (km2) Population Map LPEcode
(w/o pref. [27...],
checksum [-x])
Japanese transcription translation
Daitō Đại chợ phía đông Daitō-shi Daitō City – 18.27 119,329 218
Fujidera Đằng giếng chùa thị Fujidera-shi Fujidera City – 8.89 65,075 226
Habikino Vũ kéo dã thị Habikino-shi Habikino City – 26.44 113,256 222
Hannan Phản nam thị Hannan-shi Hannan City – 36.1 55,798 232
Higashiōsaka Đông Osaka thị Higashi-Ōsaka-shi Higashi-Osaka City
(East Osaka City)		 – 61.78 495,011 227
Hirakata Cái phương thị Hirakata-shi Hirakata City – 65.08 401,449 210
Ibaraki Tì mộc thị Ibaraki-shi Ibaraki City – 76.52 280,562 211
Ikeda Trì điền thị Ikeda-shi Ikeda City – 22.09 103,028 204
Izumi Cùng tuyền thị Izumi-shi IzumiCity – 84.98 186,370 219
Izumiōtsu Tuyền đại Tân Thị Izumi-Ōtsu-shi Izumi-Ōtsu City
(as opposed toŌtsu City in Ōmi Province)		 – 13.36 75,398 206
Izumisano Tuyền tá dã thị Izumi-Sano-shi Izumi-Sano City
(as opposed toSano City in Shimotsuke Province)		 – 55.03 100,649 213
Kadoma Môn thật thị Kadoma-shi Kadoma City – 12.28 124,516 223
Kaizuka Bối trủng thị Kaizuka-shi Kaizuka City – 43.99 88,345 208
Kashiwara Bách nguyên thị Kashiwara-shi Kashiwara City – 25.39 76,383 221
Katano Giao dã thị Katano-shi Katano City – 25.55 76,383 230
Kawachinagano Hà nội trường dã thị Kawachi-Nagano-shi Kawachi-Nagano City
(as opposed toNagano City in Shinano Province)		 – 109.61 105,872 216
Kishiwada Ngạn hòa điền thị Kishiwada-shi Kishiwada City – 72.68 197,629 202
Matsubara Tùng nguyên thị Matsubarashi Matsubara City – 16.66 121,125 217
Minoh Thành phố Minoh Minoo-shi Minoo City – 47.84 134,435 220
Moriguchi Thủ khẩu thị Moriguchi-shi Moriguchi City – 12.73 143,877 209
Neyagawa Phòng ngủ xuyên thị Neyagawa-shi Neyagawa City – 24.73 236,758 215
Osaka(capital) Osaka thị Ōsaka-shi Osaka City – 225.21 2,668,586 100
Ōsakasayama Osaka hiệp sơn thị Ōsaka-Sayama-shi Osaka-Sayama City
(as opposed toSayama City in Saitama)		 – 11.86 57,993 231
Sakai Giới thị Sakai-shi Sakai City – 149.82 828,741 140
Sennan Tuyền nam thị Sennan-shi Sennan City
(Sen[shū]South City)
(afterSennan District)		 – 48.48 62,076 228
Settsu Nhiếp Tân Thị Settsu-shi SettsuCity – 14.88 85,290 224
Shijōnawate Bốn điều 畷 thị Shijōnawate-shi Shijōnawate City – 18.74 55,832 229
Suita Thổi điền thị Suita-shi Suita City – 36.11 378,322 205
Takaishi Cao thạch thị Takaishi-shi Takaishi City – 11.35 56,583 225
Takatsuki Cao khuê thị Takatsuki-shi Takatsuki City – 105.31 350,914 207
Tondabayashi Phú điền lâm thị Tondabayashi-shi Tondabayashi City – 39.66 112,993 214
Toyonaka Phong trung thị Toyonaka-shi Toyonaka City – 36.38 396,014 203
Yao Tám đuôi thị Yaoshi Yao City – 41.71 268,013 212
Chihayaakasaka Ngàn sớm xích phản thôn Chihaya-Akasaka-mura Chihaya-Akasaka Village Minamikawachi 37.38 5,467 383
Kanan Hà Nam đinh Kanan-chō Kanan Town 25.26 16,027 382
Taishi Thái Tử đinh Taishi-chō Taishi Town 14.17 13,634 381
Kumatori Hùng lấy đinh Kumatori-chō Kumatori Town Sennan 17.23 43,988 361
Misaki Giáp đinh Misakichō Misaki Town 49.08 16,267 366
Tajiri Điền mông đinh Tajiri-chō Tajiri Town 4.96 8,377 362
Nose Có thể thế đinh Nose-chō Nose Town Toyono 98.68 9,971 322
Toyono Phong có thể đinh Toyono-chō Toyono Town 34.37 19,519 321
Shimamoto Đảo bổn đinh Shimamoto-chō Shimamoto Town Mishima 16.78 29,970 301
Tadaoka Trung cương đinh Tadaoka-chō Tadaoka Town Senboku 4.03 17,187 341
Osaka Osaka phủ Ōsaka-fu Osaka Prefecture – 1,905.14 8,823,358 000
ISO: JP-27

Mergers

[edit]
Main article:List of mergers in Osaka Prefecture

After the modern reactivation ofdistrictsin 1878/79, Osaka, includingSakaiwhich was only merged into Osaka in 1881, consisted of 5 urban districts(-ku)and 27 rural districts(-gun),excluding 15 districts in Yamato Province which was later separated from Osaka asNara Prefecturein 1887. When the prefectures were subdivided into modern municipalities in 1889, the five urban districts were turned into two district-independent cities: Osaka City and Sakai City, and Osaka's [rural] districts were subdivided into 12 towns and 310 villages. After Osaka City had absorbed many surrounding municipalities in the interwar/Taishō period, the number of municipalities in Osaka had already dropped to 149 by 1953. The Great Shōwa mergers of the 1950s reduced the total to 47 by 1961, including 26 cities by then. The current total of 43 was reached during the Great Heisei mergers in 2005.

Economy

[edit]
Diamond district in Umeda
Osaka Garden City
Osaka castle
Osaka business park
Universal Studios Japan
Kansai International Airport
Umeda Sky Building
Famous advertisement byGlicoman inDōtonbori(middle-left)

The gross prefecture product of Osaka for the fiscal year 2004 was ¥38.7 trillion, second after Tokyo with an increase of 0.9% from the previous year. This represented approximately 48% of the Kinki region. The per capita income was ¥3.0 million, seventh in the nation.[16]Commercial sales the same year was ¥60.1 trillion.[17]

Overshadowed by such globally renowned electronics giants asPanasonicandSharp,the other side of Osaka's economy can be characterized by its Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) activities. The number of SMEs based in Osaka in 2006 was 330,737, accounting for 99.6% of the total number of businesses in the prefecture.[18]While this proportion is similar to other prefectures (the average nationwide was 99.7%), the manufactured output of the SMEs amounted to 65.4% of the total within the prefecture, a rate significantly higher than Tokyo's 55.5%, orKanagawa's 38.4%.[19]One model from Osaka of serving the public interest and restimulating the regional economy, combined with industry-education cooperation efforts, is the Astro-Technology SOHLA,[20]with its artificial satellite project.[21]Having originally started from a gathering ofHigashiosakabased SMEs, Astro-Technology SOHLA has not only grown into a Kansai region-wide group but has also won support from the government, through technology and material support from Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA),[22]and financial support from NEDO.[23][24]

TheOsaka Securities Exchange,specializing in derivatives such as Nikkei 225 Futures, is based in Osaka.

There are many electrical, chemical, pharmaceutical, heavy industry, food, and housing companies in Osaka Prefecture.

Osaka city skyline at dusk viewed from theUmeda Sky Building

Major companies

[edit]
Main page:Category:Companies based in Osaka Prefecture

Major factories and research institutes

[edit]
Main articles:Hanshin Industrial RegionandKansai Science City

Demographics

[edit]
Osaka prefecture population pyramid in 2020

According to the 2005 Population Census of Japan, Osaka prefecture has a population of 8,817,166, an increase of 12,085, or 0.14%, since the Census of year 2000.[25]

As of 2022 this prefecture has about 93,000ethnic Korean persons,the largest such population of any prefecture in Japan.[26]Osaka City.As of 2013 most ethnic Korean children attend ordinary Japanese public schools, although some Korean schools operated by theChongryonand classes for ethnic Koreans had opened in the prefecture. During theJapanese rule of Koreamany ethnic Koreans came to the Osaka area to look for work. Many people fromJejucame to the Osaka area after a 1922 ferry line between Osaka and Jeju opened. DuringWorld War IIJapanese authorities forced additional ethnic Koreans to move to the Osaka area.[27]

Temples and shrines

[edit]

Museums

[edit]

Education

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Public elementary and junior high schools in the prefecture are operated by the municipalities. Public high schools are operated by theOsaka Prefectural Board of Education.

Universities

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Parks

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Transportation

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Rail

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People movers

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Road

[edit]
The fourlicense platesin Osaka:
Osaka (Ōsaka) in Northern Osaka
なにわ (Naniwa) in Osaka City, namedNaniwa as Imperial capital in antiquity
Cùng tuyền (Izumi) in Southern Osaka≈Izumi Province+Southern Kawachi
Giới (Sakai) in Sakai City

Expressways

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National highways

[edit]

Airports

[edit]

Sister regions

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Osaka Prefecture has sister region relationships with:[29]

Sports

[edit]
Panasonic Stadium Suita

The sports teams listed below are based in Osaka.

Association football

[edit]

League

[edit]

Baseball

[edit]

Basketball

[edit]

Volleyball

[edit]

Rugby union

[edit]

Prefectural symbols

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The symbol of Osaka Prefecture, called thesennari byōtanor "thousand gourds", was originally the crest ofToyotomi Hideyoshi,the feudal lord ofOsaka Castle.

See also

[edit]

Notes

[edit]
  1. ^"2020 niên độ quốc dân kinh tế tính toán ( 2015 năm tiêu chuẩn cơ bản ・2008SNA ): Kinh tế xã hội tổng hợp viện nghiên cứu - Nội Các phủ".Nội Các phủ ホームページ(in Japanese).Retrieved2023-05-18.
  2. ^Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric. (2005). "Osaka-fu" inJapan Encyclopedia,p. 759,p. 759, atGoogle Books;"Kansai" inp. 477,p. 477, atGoogle Books
  3. ^Nussbaum, "Osaka" inp. 759,p. 759, atGoogle Books
  4. ^"Statistics Bureau Home Page".stat.go.jp.
  5. ^Osaka phủ giáo dục ủy ban (2002-03-29)."Ngạn hòa điền thành tích".Comprehensive Database of Archaeological Site Reports in Japan.Retrieved2016-09-02.
  6. ^Tuyền nam thị giáo dục ủy ban (1987-09-21)."Hải sẽ chùa".Comprehensive Database of Archaeological Site Reports in Japan.Retrieved2016-09-02.
  7. ^Nussbaum, "Provinces and prefectures" inp. 780,p. 780, atGoogle Books
  8. ^"Osaka の あゆみ (History of Osaka)"(in Japanese).Retrieved2007-03-12.The creation of Osaka prefecture took place slight earlier than many other prefectures, that had to wait forabolition of the han systemin 1871.
  9. ^Tolbert, Kathryn."Election of First Female Governor Boosts Japan's Ruling Party",The Washington Post,February 8, 2000.
  10. ^abcHarding, Robin (June 11, 2018)."Battle to remodel Osaka is legacy of Japan's Trump".The Financial Times.Archived fromthe originalon 2022-12-10.RetrievedOctober 5,2021.
  11. ^Kaneko, Kaori; Foster, Malcolm (June 18, 2018)."Magnitude 6.1 quake in Japan's Osaka area kills four, halts factories".Reuters.RetrievedOctober 5,2021.
  12. ^Johnston, Eric (November 2, 2020)."Osaka referendum defeat raises questions about future of city's politics".The Japan Times.RetrievedOctober 5,2021.
  13. ^"Bình thành １０ năm cả nước đều đạo phủ huyện nội thành đinh thôn の diện tích の công biểu について(Official announcement on the national territory and area of 1998, by prefectures, cities, districts, towns and villages)"Archived2003-06-11 at theWayback Machine,Geographical Survey Institute, Government of Japan,January 29, 1999.
  14. ^"コラム Vol.017 cả nước đều đạo phủ huyện nội thành đinh thôn diện tích điều (Column:" National Area Investigation "vol.017)"Archived2007-09-28 at theWayback Machine,Alps Mapping K.K.,March 8, 2001.
  15. ^"General overview of area figures for Natural Parks by prefecture"(PDF).Ministry of the Environment.Retrieved9 August2012.
  16. ^"Bình thành 16 niên độ の huyện dân kinh tế tính toán について (Prefectural Economy for the fiscal year 2004 based on 93SNA)Cabinet Office, Government of Japan"(PDF)(in Japanese). Archived fromthe original(PDF)on 2007-06-14.Retrieved2007-03-13.
  17. ^"Osaka phủ dân kinh tế tính toán (Osaka Prefectural Economy based on 93SNA)Osaka Prefectural Government"(PDF)(in Japanese). Archived fromthe original(PDF)on 2007-06-14.Retrieved2007-03-13.
  18. ^"2006 White Paper on Small and Medium Enterprises in Japan, Japan Small Business Research Institute (Japan)"(PDF).Archived fromthe original(PDF)on 2007-03-23.Retrieved2007-03-13.
  19. ^"なにわ の kinh tế データ (The Naniwa Economy Data)"(PDF)(in Japanese). Archived fromthe original(PDF)on 2007-06-14.Retrieved2007-03-13.
  20. ^"Astro-Technology SOHLA"(in Japanese). Archived fromthe originalon 2007-03-09.Retrieved2007-03-14.
  21. ^"Japan Advertising Council".Archived fromthe originalon 2007-03-01.Retrieved2007-03-14.For details on the campaign featuring SOHLA, navigate through the Japanese page to the 2003 campaign listing, at entry "Đông Osaka の nhân công vệ tinh" (Higashiosaka's Satellite)[1]Archived2007-03-12 at theWayback Machine
  22. ^""Smaller firms build a satellite"City of Osaka, Chicago Office".Archived fromthe originalon 2007-09-29.Retrieved2007-03-14.
  23. ^The New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization
  24. ^""Study of PETSAT"NEDO, 2005"(PDF)(in Japanese and English). Archived fromthe original(PDF)on 2007-06-14.Retrieved2007-03-14.
  25. ^"Table 1: Osaka phủ の dân cư の chuyển dời ( Population Change of Osaka Prefecture)"(in Japanese). Osaka Prefectural Government. Archived fromthe originalon 2007-01-05.Retrieved2007-03-13.
  26. ^"Osaka phủ の quốc tịch ・ địa vực ( xuất thân mà ) đừng ở lưu người nước ngoài số"(PDF).Retrieved2024-07-14.
  27. ^Aoki, Eriko. "Korean children, textbooks, and educational practices in Japanese primary schools" (Chapter 8). In: Ryang, Sonia.Koreans in Japan: Critical Voices from the Margin(Routledge Studies in Asia's Transformations).Routledge,October 8, 2013.ISBN1136353054,9781136353055. Start: p.157.CITED: p.166.
  28. ^Tài đoàn pháp nhân quốc tế hoa と lục の bác lãm sẽ kỷ niệm hiệp hội: English: Expo'90 FoundationArchived2011-10-21 at theWayback Machine
  29. ^"Osaka's sister regions".pref.osaka.lg.jp(in Japanese).Retrieved2023-08-07.

References

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