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This article is about the video game series. For the first game in the series, seePanzer Dragoon (video game).

Panzer Dragoon
Genre(s)Rail shooter,role-playing
Developer(s)Sega
(Team Andromeda,Smilebit)
Publisher(s)Sega
Creator(s)Yukio Futatsugi
Platform(s)
First releasePanzer Dragoon
10 March 1995
Latest releasePanzer Dragoon: Remake
26 March 2020

Panzer Dragoon[a]is a series of video games developed and published bySega.The first three games —Panzer Dragoon(1995),Panzer Dragoon II Zwei(1996), andPanzer Dragoon Saga(1998) — were produced byTeam Andromedafor theSega Saturn.The fourth,Panzer Dragoon Orta(2002), was developed bySmilebitfor theXbox.Spin-offs includePanzer Dragoon Mini(1996) for the handheldGame Gearin Japan. AremakeofPanzer Dragoonwas released in 2020.

ThePanzer Dragoongames arerail shooters,except for the role-playing gameSaga.Each follows a protagonist who rides an armored flying dragon, fighting human and monstrous enemies in apost-apocalyptic world.ThePanzer Dragoongames have received positive reviews for their art design, visuals, sound design, and atmospheric settings.Sagais one of the most acclaimed Saturn games and is listed among thegreatest video games.

Story

[edit]

ThePanzer Dragoonseries takes place in apost-apocalyptic worldin which humans have begun to recover technologies from the Ancient Age, a world-spanning, hyper-advanced civilization destroyed thousands of years before the events of the games. The Ancients usedgenetic engineeringto create living weapons, which were unleashed in a cataclysmic war that nearly destroyed humanity. The mutated descendants of these creatures have merged into wild ecosystems, where they pose a continual threat to human civilization and serve as enemies encountered in the games.[1][2]: 4–5, 27–28 

Various human factions use recovered Ancient Age technologies, such as ubiquitous floating military airships, to defend against the wild mutants and to wage war against each other. Over the course of the series, a succession of characters ride mysterious armored flying dragons of extraordinary power, fighting to prevent humanity from reactivating the most destructive Ancient Age weapons and, ultimately, to destroy the remaining weapons and facilities of the Ancient Age so that humanity can be freed from the threat they pose.[2]: 4–5 

Games

[edit]
Release timeline
Main entries inbold
1995Panzer Dragoon
1996Panzer Dragoon II Zwei
Panzer Dragoon Mini
1997
1998Panzer Dragoon Saga
1999–2001
2002Panzer Dragoon Orta
2003–2019
2020Panzer Dragoon: Remake

Main series

[edit]

Panzer Dragoon(1995)

[edit]
Main article:Panzer Dragoon (video game)

The firstPanzer Dragoonwas released on theSega Saturnin 1995. It was developed byTeam Andromeda,a Sega development group assembled for this project.[3]The protagonist is Keil Fluge, a hunter who stumbles into a battle between two flying dragons, one blue and one black. The rider of the blue dragon is mortally wounded in the fight and entrusts Keil with his dragon and his mission to stop the Dark Dragon from reactivating an Ancient Age ruin of tremendous destructive power.

The dragon and its rider fly through the first level ofPanzer Dragoon.The yellow aiming reticle appears in the center, the player's life bar in the lower left, and the radar in the top right corner.

This game established the core features of thePanzer Dragoonseries: 3Drail shootergameplay, divided intolevelswith endingBoss es,[4]controlled through an on-screen targetingreticle,with a choice of two main attacks (a rapid-fire attack and a lock-on homing attack), and a camera that can be rotated by 90-degree increments to face enemies attacking from all directions.[5]

Panzer Dragoon II Zwei(1996)

[edit]
Main article:Panzer Dragoon II Zwei

Panzer Dragoon II Zweiwas released for the Sega Saturn in 1996. Developed by Team Andromeda as a prequel toPanzer Dragoon,[3]it follows Jean-Jacques Lundi, a villager who defies taboo to raise a mutantpack animalwith wings and a greenbioluminescentthroat, naming him Lagi. After Lundi's village is destroyed by a flying warship from the Ancient Age, he pursues it with Lagi, who grows into an armored flying dragon. Together they destroy the airship and defeat its guardian dragon.

Zweiintroduced the "berserk" attack, an intermittently available attack that hits all enemies on screen and gives temporary invulnerability, along with branching paths through many levels, and the progressive growth and metamorphosis of the dragon over the course of the game.[6]It also added an extras menu called "Pandora's Box" that would return in later entries.[4]

Panzer Dragoon Saga(1998)

[edit]
Main article:Panzer Dragoon Saga

Panzer Dragoon Saga(titledAzel: Panzer Dragoon RPGin Japan) is arole-playing game(RPG) developed by Team Andromeda and released for Saturn in 1998.[3]The player controls Edge, a mercenary who encounters a mysterious girl named Azel in an Ancient Age excavation. After being attacked by a rogue military force, he is rescued by an armored flying dragon. Though at first motivated by revenge, Edge becomes embroiled in a conflict over control of Ancient Age weapons, and he ultimately invades and destroys theAInetwork controlling the various Ancient facilities around the world.

Sagais the onlyPanzer Dragoongame that is not a rail shooter, combining traditional role-playing elements such asitemsandrandom encounterswith the setting and motifs of previous games. The combat system mixesreal-time and turn-basedelements,[7]with the player circling enemies on the dragon to expose weak spots and escape dangerous positions.[8]Sagaalso introduced the ability to morph the dragon between different forms emphasizing offense, defense, mobility, and other attributes.[9]

Panzer Dragoon Orta(2002)

[edit]
Main article:Panzer Dragoon Orta

Panzer Dragoon Ortawas released forXboxin late 2002 in Japan and in early 2003 in America and Europe.[10][11]It was developed bySmilebit,which was founded by former members of Team Andromeda.[12]The story follows Orta, a teenage girl held captive until she is rescued by an armored flying dragon during an attack on her town. She is pursued by multiple factions that want to use her connection with the Ancient Age to build weapons. Ultimately, she destroys an army of dragon-like creatures and the Ancient Age facility being used to produce them, along with an Ancient android who hopes to wipe out humanity.

A return to the rail shooter genre,Ortaintroduced several features inspired by mechanics fromSaga,such as maneuvering around enemies and shifting the dragon between different forms during combat.[13][14]The game featured large amounts of unlockable content, including a story encyclopedia, side missions, videocutscenesfrom previous games, and the entire playable gamePanzer Dragoon.[15][16]

Spin-offs and remakes

[edit]

Panzer Dragoon Mini(1996)

[edit]
Main article:Panzer Dragoon Mini

Panzer Dragoon Miniis a spin-off 2D rail shooter released exclusively in Japan for theGame Gearhandheld in 1996. It has three selectable dragons inspired by the blue dragon fromPanzer Dragoon,which are rendered with asuper deformedappearance and no rider. Most of the levels, enemies and music are modeled after those ofPanzer DragoonandZwei.Due to the technical limitations of the Game Gear, the camera cannot be controlled and instead rotates automatically.[17]Miniwas developed by a third party, with no involvement from Team Andromeda.[18]

Panzer Dragoon: Remake(2020)

[edit]

AremakeofPanzer Dragoonwas developed by MegaPixel Studio and published by Forever Entertainment in March 2020 forNintendo Switch.[19]It was released onStadiaon 1 June,[20]withWindows,PlayStation 4,Xbox One,andAmazon Lunaversions later in 2020. The remake features updated graphics and an optional new control system that allows players to aim independently of movement with a second control stick.[19]

Development

[edit]
Series creatorYukio Futatsugi

In the early 1990s, the Japanese video game companySegaasked its developers forshooting gameideas to add variety to its forthcomingSega Saturnconsole.[3]Yukio Futatsugiproposed the concept forPanzer Dragoonand was made the head ofTeam Andromeda,[21]a development team that Sega assembled for the project in early 1994.[22]Development lasted almost a year, with a staff of fifteen.[7]With influences includingSpace Harrier,Starblade,Star Fox,andRayForce,the project became a 3D rail shooter.[23]The original concept was titledArmored Dragon(kiko-ryuin Japanese), but Futatsugi, feeling that this was too bland, changed to the pseudo-German translationPanzer Dragoon.[24]

The post-apocalyptic fantasy world, featuring ruins and relics of a fallen civilization, was particularly influenced by one of Futatsugi's childhood readings,The Long Afternoon of Earth.[22]The art design, which mixes natural and technological elements, was mainly the work of Manabu Kusunoki, who took inspiration from various sources, including anime and manga.[7]Critics have noted similarities with the works of the French artistMœbius,[25][26][27]of whom Kusunoki was a fan, as well as withHayao Miyazaki'sNausicaa of the Valley of the WindandDavid Lynch's filmDune.[4]Futatsugi created afictional languagefrom a mixture of Ancient Greek, Latin and Russian,[4]apparently inspired by the filmThe Wings of Honneamise.[23]

Panzer Dragoonwas released in early 1995 to moderately successful sales.[28]Sega developed two sequels: whilePanzer Dragoon II Zweiwould expand on the original's rail shooter gameplay,Panzer Dragon Sagawould be an RPG to compete withFinal Fantasy VIIand other PlayStation offerings.[3][29]Development ofZweibegan in mid-1995, months afterPanzer Dragoon's release.[30]Team Andromeda split into two teams to work on both projects,[31][29]but due to the work overload this created,Sagawas largely put on hold untilZweiwas completed.[29]Production took less than a year, since the first game'senginewas reused,[32]with a team of between fifteen and twenty people.[33][34]Tomohiro Kondo, a senior member of Team Andromeda, was the producer and director.[35][36]Futatsugi originally oversaw both projects' narratives, but, as his attention shifted ontoSaga,Zwei's story became the responsibility of Katsuhiko Yamada.[37]Zweiwas released in early 1996.[38]

Sagaused the same engine and tools, but with a team twice the size.[7]Akihiko Mukaiyama was brought in to design a combat system that would combine elements of RPG and shooter gameplay.[3]After the combat was finalized, development progressed more quickly, and some staff were moved to help completeZwei.[7]Kusunoki, who had been the main character and art designer for the previous games, was made the art director, andKatsumi Yokotacreated the character and cover art.[3]Sagafeatured full Japanese voice acting, subtitled rather than dubbed in the English-language release.[39]Thelocalizerswere given incomplete translations and little supervision, so they inserted their own interpretations and invented names for monsters.[40]By the timeSagawas released in early 1998, Sega had shifted its focus to its next console, theDreamcast.Sagahad a limited release outside Japan, and sales worldwide were poor;[40]it has never been re-released and is now a rarecollector's item.After the release, Sega disbanded Team Andromeda; Futatsugi left Sega and joinedKonami,[21]while other staff moved to new Sega teams, includingSmilebit,which would develop the nextPanzer Dragoongame.[7]

A newPanzer Dragoonwas pitched for the Dreamcast, but the console did not meet the technical requirements.[41]There was also a feeling among staff that the original trilogy had reached its logical conclusion.[42]Following the commercial failure of the Dreamcast, Sega left the console market and began developing and publishing games for other platforms. Discussion about a possiblePanzer DragoonforMicrosoft'sXboxbegan in 2000.[43]Takayuki Kawagoe was made producer and decided thatPanzer Dragoon Ortawould be another rail shooter.[44]Mukaiyama,Saga's combat designer, directedOrta,[3]and development began in early 2001 at Smilebit, lasting eighteen months.[12]Takashi Iwade, a visual effects artist on earlierPanzer Dragoongames, became the art director,[45]and Takashi Atsu was the lead programmer.[43]Ortaincorporated elements fromSagainto the series' traditional rail shooter gameplay,[46]with a story co-written by Shigeru Kurihara and Kenichiro Ishii.[47]It was released in late 2002 in Japan and early 2003 in the West.[48][49]

Music

[edit]

The soundtrack for the firstPanzer Dragoonwas developed after the rest of the game was largely complete, so that the music could reflect each level's art style and events.[22]The game's "on rails" progression system meant that the composer could write pieces timed to specifically match the player's position in each level. The soundtrack was outsourced to Yoshitaka Azuma,[28]who scored the game with a mixture oforchestralandsynthesizertracks.[31]

Music composition forZweiwas led by Yayoi Wachi.[50]Additional tracks were composed by Tomonori Sawada,[51]Junko Shiratsu,[52]and Teruhiko Nakagawa.[53]In contrast to the purely orchestral and electronic score of the first game,Zweiadded ethnic or tribal elements.[31]Rather than using prerecorded music, the soundtrack forZweiis mostly generated viapulse-code modulationby the Saturn's hardware, a technique used again onSaga.[54]

Saga's soundtrack was composed bySaori Kobayashiand Mariko Nanba, with vocals byEri Itōand arrangement byHayato Matsuo.It includes South American,African,Celtic,classical andnew ageinfluences.[55]The Vergedescribed it as blend of traditional European andMiddle Eastern folkstyles with science fiction-like synthesizer sounds.[56]Kobayashi creditedZweiand Wachi with establishing the series' distinctive sound and shaping her future compositions for the series.[50]The orchestrated ending theme, featuring lyrics in the games' fictional language,[55]was intended to avoid any sense of closure, leaving the story "open-ended".[3]

Kobayashi returned for principal composition of the soundtrack ofOrta,[50]with additional tracks by Yutaka Minobe.[57]The orchestrated, lyrical ending theme was again arranged by Matsuo and sung by Itō.[58]The music continued in the ethnic-influenced style established on the soundtracks forZweiandSaga,but the Xbox hardware allowed for richer and more varied sounds than the Saturn.[50]

Other media

[edit]

Production I.Greleased adirect-to-videoanimeshort filmadaptation of the first game in 1996. The story is altered to include a female character whom Keil ('Kyle' in the film) tries to save after she is kidnapped by the Black Dragon. An English dub was released byADV Filmsin 1998. The film was panned for its poor animation, awkward script, and cliché story.[59]

The Segakart racing gameSonic & All-Stars Racing Transformedfeatures a racetrack based onPanzer Dragoon.[60]TheArchie ComicsWorlds Unitecrossover between theSonic the Hedgehogand theMega Mancomic lines featuresPanzer Dragooncharacters and concepts.[61]

Reception

[edit]
Aggregate review scores
As of 7 June 2023.
Game Aggregate scores
Panzer Dragoon 91%[62]
Panzer Dragoon II Zwei 88%[63]
Panzer Dragoon Mini 14/40[64]
Panzer Dragoon Saga 92%[65]
Panzer Dragoon Orta 90/100[66]
Panzer Dragoon: Remake 63/100[67]

The originalPanzer Dragoonreceived overwhelmingly positive reviews, both in 1995 and in retrospective coverage, with consistent praise for its art design, visual effects, music, atmospheric setting, and cinematic cutscenes, though critics were divided by the relatively simple gameplay and the difficulty level.[68][69][70]A reviewer forNext Generationwrote that the game combined "incredible story animation with brilliant, 3D flight graphics",[71]and anEntertainment Weeklyreviewer called it a "lyrical and exhilarating epic" that could pave the way for a "transformation" of the videogame industry.[72]Electronic Gaming Monthlynamed it the "Best Saturn Game of 1995"[73]and placed it 140th in "The Greatest 200 Videogames of their time" in 2006.[74]

Zweiwas acclaimed, with praise focusing on the cutting-edge graphics, gameplay refinements relative to the first game, and the continued strength of the art design, music, and atmosphere, though the low difficulty again received criticism.[75][76][77]ANext Generationreviewer praised the game's art direction and plot, sayingZwei's "visual sophistication and compelling storylines" compensated for its "less than revolutionary gameplay".[78]It was a runner-up forElectronic Gaming Monthly's Shooter Game of the Year (behindAlien Trilogy) and Best Graphics of the Year (behindSuper Mario 64),[79]and the following year they ranked it number 90 on their "100 Best Games of All Time".[80]

Panzer Dragoon Miniwas poorly received, with praise for its art style and Boss designs but criticism of its pacing and lack of a plot.[17][64][81][82]The simplistic controls and very short duration divided critics, some of whom thought the game adequate for ahandheld game console,and some of whom were disappointed by the contrast with the Saturn games.[83][84]1UpcalledMini"a dumbed-down, cartoony shooter for kids that bears little resemblance to the epic adventures on Saturn."[85]

Sagais often listed among thegreatest video gamesever made, earning acclaim for its story, graphics, and combat, along with criticism for its low difficulty and short play time.[86][39][87]Reviewers praised the story's restraint and lack of cliché,[88]as well as the complexity of the characters; even the dragon has been called an "intimate computer companion", drawing comparisons to the later games ofFumito Ueda(Ico,Shadow of the Colossus,andThe Last Guardian).[40]Game Informercalled the game "one of the year's best, and generally considered the Saturn's finest title".[86]Sagawas named one of the best games of all time byComputer and Video Gamesin 2000,Electronic Gaming Monthlyin 2001 and 2006,IGNreaders in 2005,[89]IGNin 2007,[90]andG4in 2012.[91]

Ortawas critically acclaimed, receiving praise for its visual design, unlockable content, and faithfulness to the series, while reviewers criticized the short play time and dated, on-rails structure. Opinions of the controls and the increased difficulty were mixed.[92][93][94]EurogamercalledOrta"refined, well designed and intelligent", marking "a real progression in the genre",[95]andGameProsaid that its complex and beautiful level design almost overwhelmed the senses.[96]Ortahas been consistently listed as one of the best games for the original Xbox, by publications includingGamesRadar,Digital Trends,andIGN,the latter describing it as the "pinnacle of rail shooters".[97][98][99]

Panzer Dragoon: Remakereceived lukewarm reviews upon release. Critics consistently praised the remake's faithfulness to the original's gameplay and the retention of the original soundtrack, but they were divided by the updated visuals and disappointed by the short play time.[19][100][101]Nintendo Lifefound both the Saturn-era control scheme and an alternative added by the remake to be awkward,[19]andEurogamercalled the new environment art "just as often muddy as it is marvelous".[100]IGNfound that the arcade-like structure of the game offered little replay value to a modern player.[101]

Legacy

[edit]

FormerPanzer Dragoondevelopment staff went on to work on multiple claimedspiritual successorsto the series, such asRez(2001) andCrimson Dragon(2013).[4][102]In retrospect, the course of thePanzer Dragoonseries has been repeatedly associated with the history of the Saturn console: the first game was a launch title for the Saturn, and the release ofSagacoincided with the end of Sega's support for the console.[9]Both the series and the console were well received critically but saw disappointing sales relative to their rivals.[102]ThePanzer Dragoonseries has been described as "short-lived and beloved".[4]Though it is rarely named as an influence by developers, it pioneered design elements later popularized in more successful games.[40]

Notes

[edit]
  1. ^Pantsā Doragūn(Japanese:パンツァードラグーン)

References

[edit]
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