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Paris-Saclay University

Coordinates:48°42′42″N2°10′17″E/ 48.7117343°N 2.1712888°E/48.7117343; 2.1712888
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Paris-Saclay University
Université Paris-Saclay


Former name
University of Paris Sud XI
Paris Faculty of Sciences in Orsay
TypePublicresearch university
Establishedc. 1150University of Paris
1956University of Parisin Orsay
1971Paris-Sud University
2014As a community[1]
2019Replaces Paris-Sud University
ChancellorChristophe Kerrero (Chancellor of the universities of Paris)
PresidentEstelle Iacona[2]
Academic staff
10,500[3]
Students60,000[3]
Undergraduates5,400
Postgraduates23,300
6,000
Location
Orsay,Palaiseau,Paris,Évry,Versailles,Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines
,
Île-de-France
,
France

48°42′42″N2°10′17″E/ 48.7117343°N 2.1712888°E/48.7117343; 2.1712888
CampusCampus of Saclay (Orsay - Gif),Campus of Versailles,Campus of Évry,Campus of Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines,Campus of Paris
Websiteuniversite-paris-saclay.fr

Paris-Saclay University(French:Université Paris-Saclay) is a combinedtechnological research instituteandpublicresearch universityinParis,France. Paris-Saclay was established in 2019 after the merger of four technicalgrandes écoles,as well as several technological institutes, engineering schools, and research facilities; giving it fifteen constituent colleges with over 48,000 students combined.[4]

With the merger, the French government has explicitly voiced their wish to rival top American technological research institutes, such as theMIT.[5][6][7]The university has over 275 laboratories inparticle physics,[8]nuclear physics,[9][10]astrophysics,[11]atomic physicsandmolecular physics,[12]condensed matter physics,[13]theoretical physics,[14]electronics,nanoscienceandnanotechnology.[15]It is part of the largerParis-Saclaycluster, which is aresearch-intensiveacademic campus encompassing Paris-Saclay University, thePolytechnic Institute of Paris,combined with a business cluster for high-technology corporations.[16][17]Paris-Saclay notably also includes theInstitut des Hautes Études Scientifiques,where many contributions to the development of modern mathematics have been made, amongst them modernalgebraic geometryandcatastrophe theory.[18]

As of 2021, 11Fields Medalistsand 4Nobel Prizewinners have been affiliated with the university and its associated research institutes.[19]

History[edit]

In 2019, the Paris-Saclay University succeededUniversity of Paris-Sud (Paris XI)founded in 1971,[20]which itself succeeded toUniversity of Parisfoundedc. 1150.

After World War II, the rapid growth of nuclear physics and chemistry meant that research needed more and more powerful accelerators, which required large areas. TheUniversity of Paris,theÉcole Normale Supérieureand theCollège de Francelooked for space in the south of Paris nearOrsay.Later some of the teaching activity of the Faculty of Sciences in Paris was transferred to Orsay in 1956 at the request ofIrène Joliot-CurieandFrédéric Joliot-Curie.The rapid increase of students led to the independence of the Orsay Center on March 1, 1965. It became theUniversity of Paris-Sud (Paris XI)in 1971.

The Paris-Saclay University was established in 2015 as a universities community (ComUE) and in 2019 as auniversity,with the aim to become a top-ranking, research-focused French university. In order to be recognized as an entity of sufficient size and quality, the university regroups some of the topgrandes écolesin France with public universities under a single campus on theSaclay plateau.Each member institution will remain independent but share a significant portion of existing and newly invested resources. This follows a model similar to the one adopted byUniversity of OxfordandCambridge,where each constituent college keeps its independence while being grouped under a 'university'.[17]

The University System's first academic year started in September 2015.[21]

According to Dominique Vernay, chairman of the foundation developing Paris-Saclay, the university aims at a top-ten position in theAcademic Ranking of World Universities(ARWU), but "the first goal is to be the top university in continental Europe".[5]

In January 2020, it replacedUniversity of Paris-Sud (Paris XI)and in 2025,Université de Versailles-Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)andUniversité d'Évry-Val-d'Essonne (UEVE)will merge with it as well.[22]

Since October 2023, the university has been a partner ofIPSAfor double degrees inaerospace.[23]

Organisation[edit]

The Paris-Saclay University consists of five faculties in Sciences, Medicine, Pharmacy, Law-Economics-Management, and Sports Sciences; an Engineering school; three technical institutes specialised in scientific and technical subjects inCachan,Orsay,andSceaux;and an undergraduate university school.[24]

The university also brings together fourgrandes écoles:CentraleSupélec,AgroParisTech,ENS Paris-Saclayand theInstitut d'Optique Graduate School,with two associate institutions:Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines University(UVSQ) andUniversity of Évry Val d'Essonne(UEVE).[24]

It combines resources from the following French universities andgrandes écoles,as well as partial resources from various research organizations and theSystematic Paris-Regioncluster:[25]

Initially, the community of universities also included five othergrandes écoles:École Polytechnique,Télécom Paris,Telecom SudParis,ENSTA ParisandENSAE Paris.However, due to differences in University set-up, these fivegrandes écolescreated their own separate universityPolytechnic Institute of Paris.This was announced by French PresidentEmmanuel Macronduring a speech inParis-Saclay.[26]Both of these clusters plan to co-operate and they engage in organization of several master's degrees with the Paris-Saclay University.[27]

Faculties and Institutes[edit]

Name Foundation[28] Academic degree Field Students Campus Teaching language
Paris-Saclay Undergraduate University School[29](École Universitaire de Premier Cycle Paris-Saclay) Orsay IUT 1971 2019 Undergraduate Law,Economics,andScience 13,000[30] Paris-Saclay,Guyancourt,Sceaux,Cachan,Évry-Courcouronnes French
Sceaux IUT 1970
Cachan IUT 1971
Paris-Saclay Faculty of Sciences 1956 and 1971 Double Licencediploma (a selective bachelor's degree) andpostgraduate Science 10,000 Paris-Saclay French, English[31]
Paris-Saclay Faculty of Law, Economics and Management 1968 Lawandeconomics 6,000 Sceaux
Paris-Saclay Faculty of Pharmacy 1972 Medicine 3,500 Paris-Saclay
Paris-Saclay Medical School 1971 3,400 Le Kremlin-Bicêtre,Paris-Saclay
Paris-Saclay Faculty of Sports Sciences 1985 Science 1,500 Paris-Saclay
Polytech Paris-Saclay 2004 Engineering 820 Paris-Saclay
  • Orsay University Institute of Technology
    Orsay University Institute of Technology
  • Paris-Saclay Polytechnic School
    Paris-Saclay Polytechnic School

Grandes Écolesand graduate schools[edit]

Name Foundation Field Students Campus
Grandes Écoles AgroParisTech 1826 Life sciences 2,420 Paris-Saclay
CentraleSupélec 2015 ScienceandEngineering 5,350 Paris-Saclay,Rennes,Metz
ENS Paris-Saclay 1892 Science 1,360 Paris-Saclay
Institut d'optique Graduate School 1917 Optics 440 Paris-Saclay
Graduate schools Paris-Saclay Graduate School of Law 2019 Law Guyancourt,Sceaux
Paris-Saclay Graduate School of Physics 2019 Physics Paris-Saclay,Versailles,Évry-Courcouronnes
Paris-Saclay Graduate School of Economics and Management 2019 Economics Guyancourt,Sceaux
Institute of Light Sciences 2019 Science Paris-Saclay
Paris-Saclay Graduate School of Life Sciences and Health 2019 Life SciencesandHealth Paris-Saclay,Le Kremlin-Bicêtre
Paris-Saclay Graduate School of Mathematics 2019 Mathematics Paris-Saclay
Paris-Saclay Graduate School of Sociology and Political science 2019 Politicsandsociology Guyancourt,Sceaux
Paris-Saclay Graduate School of Engineering and Systems science 2019 Scienceandengineering Paris-Saclay
Paris-Saclay Graduate School of Computer Science 2019

Associated universities[edit]

Name Foundation[28] Academic degree Field Students Campus
Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines University 1987 and 1991 Undergraduateandpostgraduate Science,social scienceandlife science 19,000 Versailles,Montigny-le-Bretonneux,Guyancourt
University of Évry Val d'Essonne 1991 Science,social scienceandlife science 10,500 Évry-Courcouronnes

Research organizations[edit]

The following research organizations have established research centers within the Paris-Saclay University. The resources contributed by these organizations will remain largely independent from other member institutions. Once the University of Paris-Saclay is fully integrated, its research centers are expected to achieve a profile similar to theJet Propulsion LaboratoryofCaltech:

Academic programs[edit]

Each member school of the Paris-Saclay University organizes training in a given scientific field. Depending on the needs of their registered program, a student enrolled in a particular graduate school will have access to academic resources from other schools.

The various fields of study available at Paris-Saclay University are broadly categorized into the following:

  • Biodiversity, Agriculture and Food, Society, Environment (Biodiversité, Agriculture et Alimentation, Société, Environnement);
  • Biology, Medicine, Pharmaceutical studies (Biologie, Médecine, Pharmacie);
  • Law, Political Science (Droit et Science Politique);
  • Humanities (Humanités);
  • Engineering, Sciences and Information Technologies (Ingénierie, Sciences et Technologies de l'information);
  • Sport and Human Motion Sciences (Sciences du Sport et du Mouvement Humain);
  • Basic Sciences (Sciences Fondamentales);
  • Social Sciences (Sciences Sociales).

The academic programs in each of the 8 schools is expected to follow the Anglo-American model:[33]

  • Paris-Saclay Undergraduate School– The Bachelor's program is provided by Paris-Saclay faculties and the 2 public universities within Paris-Saclay, which areVersailles-Saint-Quentin UniversityandUniversity of Évry Val-d'Essonne.
  • Paris-Saclay Graduate Schools– Master's degrees are taught in both French and English. Altogether, 49 Master's degree are offered.[34]
  • Paris-Saclay Research or Doctoral Schools– PhD programs are offered through 20 doctoral schools.[21]Doctoral degrees received after September 30, 2015, are awarded under the name "Paris-Saclay University", with a mention of the student's associated university orgrande école.

Research programmes[edit]

The Paris-Saclay University gathers together more than 300 research units, organized into 10 doctoral schools:[35]

  • Chemistry (Chimie)
  • Electrical engineering, optics and electronics (EOE:Ingénierie électrique, optique et électronique)
  • Mathematics (Mathématiques)
  • Mechanics, energy and physical processes (MEP:Mécanique, énergétique et procédés)
  • Subatomic physics and astrophysics (P2I:Physique des deux infinis)
  • Wave and matter physics (PHOM:Physique des ondes et de la matière)
  • Planetary science and cosmology (SPU:Sciences de la planète et de l'Univers)
  • Life sciences (SDV:Sciences de la Vie)
  • Human and social sciences (SHS:Sciences de l'Homme et de la Société)
  • Information and communication sciences and technologies (STIC:Sciences et technologies de l'information et de la communication).

University rankings[edit]

University rankings
Global – Overall
ARWUWorld[36]15[i](2023)
CWURWorld[37]32 (2023)
CWTSWorld[38]123 (2023)
QSWorld[39]71[i](2024)
THEWorld[40]58[i](2024)
USNWRGlobal[41]60 (2023)
National – Overall
ARWUNational[36]1[i](2023)
CWTSNational[38]3 (2023)
CWURNational[37]2 (2023)
QSNational[39]4[i](2024)
THENational[40]2[i](2024)
USNWRNational[41]3 (2023)

The university is remarkably acclaimed for Mathematics, Physics and Computer Science, which are rank 1st national in many reputable global rankings such asQS World University Rankings,Times Higher Education World University Rankings,Academic Ranking of World Universities,U.S. News & World Report,... and many domestic magazines.

It is also connected with two grande écoles:École polytechniqueandCentraleSupélec,which are known as the top 2 engineering schools in France.

In June 2020, Paris-Saclay University ranked 14th inShanghai Ranking's top 1000 universities in the world, and first worldwide for Mathematics byAcademic Ranking of World Universities(ARWU)and 9th worldwide for Physics (1st in Europe).[42]

  1. ^abcdefThe three longest established and most influential global rankings

Nobel and Fields laureates[edit]

Paris-Saclay University formally replaced several pre-existing Parisian universities, grande écoles and research institutes. These continue to exist as departments within the broader structure of Paris-Saclay. The list below therefore includes those pre- and post-2019 laureates whose institutions were later subsumed by the university.

Nobel laureates[edit]

Fields medalists[edit]

See also[edit]

References[edit]

  1. ^"Establishment of Université Paris-Saclay «Décret n° 2014-1674 du 29 décembre 2014"".legifrance.gouv.fr.Retrieved29 May2016.
  2. ^"Estelle Iacona is elected President of Université Paris-Saclay".universite-paris-saclay.fr.Retrieved28 June2022.
  3. ^ab"A World Class University".epps.fr.Archived fromthe originalon 2015-09-24.Retrieved2016-11-06.
  4. ^[email protected] (2019-12-09)."About Université Paris-Saclay".Université Paris-Saclay.Retrieved2023-06-08.
  5. ^abStaley, Oliver (13 March 2014)."Nations Chasing Harvard Merge Colleges to Ascend Rankings".bloomberg.Retrieved13 March2014.
  6. ^Mitchell, Nic (25 November 2015)."Big is beautiful for merging universities".BBC News.
  7. ^"How France created a university to rival MIT".The Economist.ISSN0013-0613.Retrieved2023-06-08.
  8. ^Laboratoire de l'Accélérateur Linéaire.Lal.in2p3.fr. Retrieved on 2014-06-16.
  9. ^Institut de Physique Nucléaire d'Orsay.ipn in2p3.fr. Retrieved on 2019-11-03.
  10. ^"French national synchrotron facility".
  11. ^"Institut d'Astrophysique Spatiale".ias.u-psud.fr(in French).Retrieved2019-11-03.
  12. ^Laboratoire Aimé Cotton – UPR 3321.Lac.u-psud.fr. Retrieved on 2014-06-16.
  13. ^Laboratory of Solid State Physics,http:// lps.u-psud.fr/?lang=en
  14. ^Laboratoire de Physique Théorique d'Orsay.Th.u-psud.fr. Retrieved on 2014-06-16.
  15. ^Centre de Nanosciences et de Nanotechnologies.c2n.universite-paris-saclay.fr. Retrieved 2019-11-03
  16. ^Université Paris-Sud / Zee Agency."Paris-Sud University is part of Paris-Saclay's project – Université Paris-Sud".u-psud.fr.
  17. ^ab"France plans elite top-10 mega-university".BBC News.10 December 2014.Retrieved29 May2016.
  18. ^"The IHÉS at Forty"(PDF).ams.org.Retrieved2021-04-30.
  19. ^"Hugo Duminil-Copin has been awarded the Fields Medal".ihes.fr.Retrieved2022-07-11.
  20. ^à 12h31, Par Lola BretonLe 8 juillet 2020 (2020-07-08)."Paris-Saclay à la première place en maths du classement de Shanghai, «une conséquence de notre politique".leparisien.fr(in French).Retrieved2020-08-06.{{cite web}}:CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
  21. ^ab"Creation of University of Paris-Saclay".Universite Paris Sud/.
  22. ^"Université Paris-Saclay to become one of the LERU members in 2020".27 May 2019. Archived fromthe originalon 22 July 2019.
  23. ^Double diplôme: partir à la conquête du spatial avec l’IPSA, l’Université Paris-Saclay et CentraleSupélec!
  24. ^ab"About Université Paris-Saclay".Université Paris-Saclay.9 December 2019.
  25. ^ "Towards Université Paris-Saclay".campus-paris-saclay.fr.Archived fromthe originalon 4 June 2014.Retrieved15 March2013.
  26. ^"Discours du président de la République, Emmanuel Macron, sur le campus de Saclay".elysee.fr(in French). 25 October 2017.Retrieved2019-09-01.
  27. ^"Institut Polytechnique de Paris officially established".telecom-paris.fr.Retrieved2019-09-01.
  28. ^abFoundation of the oldest constituent part of the school
  29. ^"Paris-Saclay Undergraduate University School".
  30. ^"Université Paris-Saclay: Ouverture en septembre du premier cycle universitaire".Les Echos(in French). 2020-05-28.Retrieved2020-08-06.
  31. ^"Master's programmes taught in English".Université Paris-Saclay.2020-09-30.Retrieved2024-05-04.
  32. ^"Pascal Institute".28 November 2019.
  33. ^"Foundation of Paris-Saclay University"(PDF).Universite Paris Sud/.
  34. ^"Masters Programs at Paris-Saclay".Universite-paris-saclay.fr/.
  35. ^"Various Labs at Paris-Saclay".Universite-paris-saclay.fr/.
  36. ^ab"Paris-Saclay University – ARWU World University Rankings".shanghairanking.Retrieved2023-09-13.
  37. ^ab"Center for World University Rankings 2023".
  38. ^ab"CWTS Leiden Ranking 2023".
  39. ^ab"Université Paris-Saclay".Top Universities.Retrieved2023-09-13.
  40. ^ab"Université Paris-Saclay".Times Higher Education (THE).2023-07-06.Retrieved2023-09-13.
  41. ^ab"US News Education: Best Global Universities".
  42. ^"L'Université Paris-Saclay, première en maths – Technos et Innovations".L'Usine nouvelle(in French). 2020-07-12.

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