Pattani, Thailand
 | This articleneeds additional citations forverification.(November 2015) |
Pattani
ปัตตานี | |
|---|---|
| เทศบาลเมืองปัตตานี | |
 Pattani | |
 Seal | |
| Nickname: Tani | |
 Location ofMueang Pattani district(red) inPattani Province(Pattani town is located within Mueang Pattani district.) | |
  Pattani Location inThailand | |
| Coordinates:6°51′59″N101°15′3″E/ 6.86639°N 101.25083°E | |
| Country | Thailand |
| Province | Pattani |
| District | Mueang Pattani |
| Government | |
| • Mayor | Pitak Korkiatpitak |
| Area | |
| •Town | 4.78 km2(1.85 sq mi) |
| • Metro | 96.86 km2(37.40 sq mi) |
| Population (2018) | |
| •Town | 44,353 |
| • Density | 9,300/km2(24,000/sq mi) |
| Time zone | UTC+7(ICT) |
| Area code | (+66) 73 |
| Website | pattanicity |
Pattaniis a town (thesaban mueang) in the far south ofThailand,near the border withMalaysia.It is the capital ofPattani Province.The city has a population of 44,353 (2018). It covers the wholetambonSabarang, Anoru and Chabang Tiko ofMueang Pattani district.
Pattani lies 1,056 km south of Bangkok,[1]and is located at the mouth of thePattani River.The historic centre of Patani was originally located a few miles away near theKrue Se Mosque,but developed at the present location after the olderPataniwas captured and sacked in 1785.
The local dialect ofMalayis called Pattani Malay orYawiin Thai (derived fromJawi).
Etymology
[edit]Some believe that the namePattanioriginated from Malay namePatani(Jawi:ڤطاني), which can mean "this beach" inPattani Malaylanguage. (In standard Malay, this would bepantai ini.) According to a legend, the founder of Pattani was a raja from Kota Malikha named Phaya Tunakpa. Phaya Tunakpa went hunting one day and saw a beautiful albinomouse-deerthe size of a goat, which then disappeared. He asked his men where the animal had gone, and they replied: "Pata ning lah!" ( "This beach!" in thePattani Malaylanguage). They searched for the mouse-deer but found instead an old couple, where the old man identified himself as Che' Tani ( "Mister Tani" ). The old man said that he was sent by the raja's grandfather to build a new town further beyond but had fallen ill on the journey; as he could not go any further, he stayed at that place. The raja then ordered a town be built at the site where the mouse-deer had disappeared. The town became Patani, which is believed to be named either after "this beach" where the mouse-deer had disappeared. Alternatively, it has also been said to be named after the old man as Pak Tani meaning "Father Tani".[2]
Some also say the word Pattani is derived from "Petani" inMalaywhich means "farmer". Another suggestion is that it derives from aSanskritwordpathini,meaning "virgin nymph";Pathiniis also said to be the title of a daughter ofMerong Mahawangsa,founder of the preceding kingdom ofLangkasuka.[3]
History
[edit]Pattani is located at the mouth of thePattani River.The river may have changed course and empty into the sea at the current location in the 16th century. A small port existed in the current location at Kuala Bekah at the mouth of Sungai Patani by the early 17th century.[4]However, the older historical centre of thePattani Kingdomthat ruled over the region ofPataniwas located a 6–7 km to the east of the present city; near Ban Kru Se or Kampong Kersik, which is where theKrue Se Mosqueis located.[5]The older Pattani was captured and sacked by the Siamese, and a new town centre later developed in the current location and the Sultan moved to Cabang Tiga at the southern side of present-day Pattani in the 19th century. The Patani City municipality was established in 1935 by royal decree.[6][7]
Climate
[edit]Pattani has atropical monsoon climateaccording to theKöppen climate classification,with a lengthy wet season and a brief dry season. The temperatures and humidity are high year round, with slightly higher temperatures in April, just as the monsoon arrives. The wet season is long, lasting May-December, and the dry season short, covering only January-April. The months of October, November, and December are particularly wet.
| Climate data for Pattani (1991–2020, extremes 1964-present) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 34.3 (93.7) |
35.9 (96.6) |
37.9 (100.2) |
38.9 (102.0) |
38.0 (100.4) |
36.6 (97.9) |
36.3 (97.3) |
35.8 (96.4) |
36.0 (96.8) |
35.0 (95.0) |
34.0 (93.2) |
33.9 (93.0) |
38.9 (102.0) |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 31.1 (88.0) |
32.3 (90.1) |
33.5 (92.3) |
34.3 (93.7) |
34.1 (93.4) |
33.5 (92.3) |
33.3 (91.9) |
33.2 (91.8) |
32.7 (90.9) |
32.0 (89.6) |
30.7 (87.3) |
30.1 (86.2) |
32.6 (90.6) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | 26.3 (79.3) |
26.7 (80.1) |
27.5 (81.5) |
28.4 (83.1) |
28.5 (83.3) |
28.1 (82.6) |
27.8 (82.0) |
27.7 (81.9) |
27.4 (81.3) |
27.0 (80.6) |
26.6 (79.9) |
26.2 (79.2) |
27.4 (81.2) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | 22.7 (72.9) |
22.4 (72.3) |
23.0 (73.4) |
24.0 (75.2) |
24.5 (76.1) |
24.3 (75.7) |
24.0 (75.2) |
23.9 (75.0) |
23.9 (75.0) |
23.9 (75.0) |
23.8 (74.8) |
23.3 (73.9) |
23.6 (74.5) |
| Record low °C (°F) | 17.5 (63.5) |
16.7 (62.1) |
18.5 (65.3) |
17.4 (63.3) |
21.6 (70.9) |
20.6 (69.1) |
20.4 (68.7) |
21.0 (69.8) |
20.8 (69.4) |
21.3 (70.3) |
20.0 (68.0) |
19.4 (66.9) |
16.7 (62.1) |
| Averageprecipitationmm (inches) | 94.2 (3.71) |
36.2 (1.43) |
54.1 (2.13) |
83.2 (3.28) |
133.9 (5.27) |
118.7 (4.67) |
128.8 (5.07) |
147.0 (5.79) |
140.8 (5.54) |
221.8 (8.73) |
400.5 (15.77) |
392.8 (15.46) |
1,952 (76.9) |
| Average precipitation days(≥ 1.0 mm) | 6.2 | 2.4 | 4.7 | 5.9 | 10.5 | 9.8 | 9.5 | 10.3 | 11.7 | 15.4 | 18.5 | 15.3 | 120.2 |
| Averagerelative humidity(%) | 80.0 | 81.6 | 78.9 | 78.6 | 78.2 | 79.3 | 79.8 | 79.5 | 80.9 | 83.8 | 86.5 | 85.6 | 81.0 |
| Averagedew point°C (°F) | 22.6 (72.7) |
22.4 (72.3) |
23.1 (73.6) |
23.9 (75.0) |
24.2 (75.6) |
24.0 (75.2) |
23.7 (74.7) |
23.5 (74.3) |
23.6 (74.5) |
23.8 (74.8) |
23.9 (75.0) |
23.3 (73.9) |
23.5 (74.3) |
| Mean monthlysunshine hours | 145.7 | 166.7 | 148.8 | 144.0 | 114.7 | 111.0 | 114.7 | 114.7 | 108.0 | 111.6 | 105.0 | 108.5 | 1,493.4 |
| Source 1: NOAA[8][9] | |||||||||||||
| Source 2: Office of Water Management and Hydrology, Royal Irrigation Department (sun 1981–2010)[10] | |||||||||||||
References
[edit]- ^"Distance: Bangkok to Patani".Google Maps.Retrieved22 May2015.
- ^Wyatt, David K. (December 1967). "A Thai Version of Newbold's" Hikayat Patani "".Journal of the Malaysian Branch of the Royal Asiatic Society.40(2 (212)): 16–37.JSTOR41491922.
- ^"{ms} Sejarah Malaysia - Asal Usul nama Sungai Petani".Sejarahmalaysia.pnm.my. Archived fromthe originalon 2013-06-03.Retrieved2012-08-24.
- ^Bougas, Wayne (1990)."Patani in the Beginning of the XVII Century".Archipel.39:129, 136.doi:10.3406/arch.1990.2624.
- ^Chaiwat Satha-anand. "Kru-ze: A Theatre for Renegotiating Muslim Identity".Sojourn: Journal of Social Issues in Southeast Asia.8(1): 195–218.JSTOR41035733.
- ^"ประวัติการจัดตั้งเทศบาล".Archived fromthe originalon 2016-09-09.Retrieved2015-04-28.
- ^"พระราชกฤษฎีกาจัดตั้งเทศบาลเมืองปัตตานี จังหวัดปัตตานี พุทธศักราช ๒๔๗๘"(PDF).ราชกิจจานุเบกษา.52:2104–2108. 25 March 1935. Archived fromthe original(PDF)on March 4, 2016.
- ^"Pattani Airport Climate Normals 1991-2020".National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration.RetrievedApril 16,2024.
- ^"Pattani Airport Climate Normals 1981-2010".National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration.RetrievedApril 16,2024.
- ^"ปริมาณการใช้น้ำของพืชอ้างอิงโดยวิธีของ Penman Monteith (Reference Crop Evapotranspiration by Penman Monteith)"(PDF)(in Thai). Office of Water Management and Hydrology, Royal Irrigation Department. p. 126.Retrieved8 August2016.
External links
[edit]
Pattanitravel guide from Wikivoyage- Official website
