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Penny Serenade

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Penny Serenade
Theatrical release poster
Directed byGeorge Stevens
Screenplay byMorrie Ryskind
Based onPenny Serenade
(1940McCall'sstory)
byMartha Cheavens
Produced byGeorge Stevens
StarringIrene Dunne
Cary Grant
Beulah Bondi
CinematographyJoseph Walker
Edited byOtto Meyer
Music byW. Franke Harling
Color processBlack and white
Production
company
Distributed byColumbia Pictures
Release date
  • April 24, 1941(1941-04-24)(USA)
Running time
120 minutes
CountryUnited States
LanguageEnglish
Box office$835,000[1]

Penny Serenadeis a 1941 Americanmelodrama filmdirected byGeorge StevensstarringIrene DunneandCary Grantas a loving couple who must overcome adversity to keep their marriage and raise a child. It was produced and distributed byColumbia Pictures.Grant was nominated for theAcademy Award for Best Actorfor his performance.

Plot

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Penny Serenade(1941)

The film charts the meeting, courtship and marriage of Julie Gardiner (Irene Dunne) and Roger Adams (Cary Grant) through the playing of popular songs relevant to each time period. After their spur-of-the-moment marriage on New Year's Eve and a night in Roger's train compartment en route toSan Francisco,a pregnant Julie rejoins Roger inTokyo,where he has a stint as a reporter. Julie loses their unborn child in the1923 Tokyo earthquake[2]and returns with Roger to California. They are despondent until their friend Applejack Carney (Edgar Buchanan) encourages them to adopt a child. While Roger struggles to keep a newspaper going in the fictional California town of Rosalia, Julie keeps house and fits out the nursery.

They apply at an adoption agency for a two-year-old boy, and receive a call from Miss Oliver (Beulah Bondi) that a five-week-old baby girl is available. Though Roger would have preferred a boy, he falls in love with the baby, and he and Julie care for her during their one-year probation period. At the end of that time, Roger has lost the newspaper, and the law will not allow him to adopt the baby without an income. Roger appears before the judge and delivers an impassioned plea to keep the child, whom he considers his own. The judge awards custody, and Roger returns home to Julie with their daughter.

Years later, Roger and Julie swell with pride as their daughter, Trina, not yet old enough to play an angel in the Christmas play, plays the "echo" instead. The following Christmas, Julie writes to Miss Oliver that Trina has died from a sudden illness. The child's death sends Roger into a deep depression, and Julie resolves to leave him, believing he no longer needs her. Just as she is about to leave for the train station, the couple receive a phone call from Miss Oliver, saying that a two-year-old boy has just become available for adoption. Roger and Julie embrace, ready to rebuild their marriage with a new child.

Cast

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Production

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Grant and Dunne with Baby Biffle in a scene from the film

Development

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For $25,000, Columbia Pictures purchased the rights to a story byMartha Cheavenspublished inMcCall'sand engaged Cheavens as script consultant.[3]Morrie Ryskindwas credited for the screenplay.

The film depicts the passage of time through the playing of songs. According toGeorge Stevens' papers stored at theAcademy of Motion Picture Arts and Scienceslibrary, Stevens kept close track of the chronology of the songs to accurately match them to the different time periods in the script. These songs include "The Japanese Sandman","These Foolish Things","Just a Memory","Three O'Clock in the Morning","Ain't We Got Fun",and"The Prisoner's Song".[3]

Casting

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Penny Serenadeis the third of three films pairing Grant and Dunne, each time playing a married couple.[2]

At the time, California law restricted the time an infant could be present in a film studio to two hours per day; during that time, the infant could be kept on a sound stage for only one hour, and be filmed under the studio lights for only twenty minutes at a time. To double the amount of time he could film the character of Trina both as a baby and as a one-year-old, Stevens hired identical twin girls for Trina at each age.[3]The baby was played by Judith and Dianna Fleetwood, and the one-year-old by Joan and Jane Biffle.[4]

Filming

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Filming took place from October 14, 1940 to January 15, 1941.[3]

Release

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The film was released on April 24, 1941.[3]

Critical reception

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Grant and Dunne inPenny Serenade

On the film review websiteRotten Tomatoes,Penny Serenadereceives a "Fresh" rating with 93% (16 of 17) of its T-meter critics reviewed the film positively.[5]Varietycommended both the direction and the acting for lifting the script out of maudlin melodrama. Describing the plot elements as "tenderness, heart-throb, comedy and good, old-fashioned, gulping tears", the review notes: "Half a dozen times the yarn approaches the saccharine, only to be turned back into sound, human comedy-drama".[6]ATimereview also lauded Stevens' direction, stating: "Grant and Dunne cannot overcome the ten-little-fingers-and-ten-little-toes plot... it is too often a moving picture which does not move. Skillful direction saves it from turning maudlin".[7]Radio Timessaid that Grant "gives a lesson in screen acting and was rightly Oscar-nominated for a superb, subtly-shaded portrayal that keeps sentimentality at bay".[8]

When the movie premiered at theRadio City Music Hall,Bosley Crowther,in a somewhat ambivalent review, concludes "[there is] some very credible acting on the part of Mr. Grant and Miss Dunne is responsible in the main for the infectious quality of the film.Edgar Buchanan,too, gives an excellent performance as a good-old-Charlie friend, andBeulah Bondiis sensible as an orphanage matron. Heart-warming is the word for both of them. As a matter of fact, the whole picture deliberately cozies up to the heart.Noël Cowardonce dryly observed how extraordinarily potent cheap music is. That is certainly true ofPenny Serenade".[9]

Grant considered his role inPenny Serenadeas his best performance.[3]Dunne often remarked that this was her favorite film "because it reminded her of her own adopted daughter".[2]

Accolades

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Grant was nominated for theAcademy Award for Best Actorfor his performance.[3]He lost toGary Cooper's portrayal ofSergeant Yorkat the14th Academy Awards.

Adaptations

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Penny Serenadewas dramatized as a half-hour radio play on the November 16, 1941, broadcast ofThe Screen Guild Theater,starring Cary Grant and Irene Dunne in their original roles.[10]It was also presented as an hour-long drama onLux Radio Theater,first on April 27, 1942, withRobert TaylorandBarbara Stanwyck,[11]and then on May 8, 1944, starringJoseph Cottenand Irene Dunne.[12]Dunne again starred in July 1953 onCBS Radio'sGeneral Electric Theater.[13]

A television adaptation forLux Video Theatre,starringPhyllis ThaxterandDon Taylor,was broadcast on January 13, 1955, on NBC.[3]

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The copyright onPenny Serenadewas not renewed when its initial 28-year term expired and it entered thepublic domainin 1970.[14]Subsequently, the film has seen many releases by budget labels on various home video formats, but all are of very poor quality and most, but not all, are missing a pivotal five-minute scene in which Grant pleads with a judge to be allowed to adopt despite the failure of his newspaper.[15]

The original elements are now withParamount Global(underParamount Pictures), via the company's formerRepublic Pictureslibrary. Using these elements,Penny Serenadehas been released uncut and in high quality on Blu-ray and DVD in the US (Olive Films, 2013) and Germany (Alive, 2017).[16]

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The main character inAng Lee'sLust, Caution(2007) watchesPenny Serenadein a Shanghai movie theater showing Western films.[17]

In the filmThelma & Louise(1991), state police and FBI personnel watchPenny Serenadeon late-night television while monitoring aphone tapat Thelma's home in Arkansas. (Only the film's audio is briefly heard.)[18][19]

References

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  1. ^Dick, Bernard Dick (1993).The Merchant Prince of Poverty Row: Harry Cohn of Columbia Pictures.Le xing ton: University Press of Kentucky, p. 160.
  2. ^abcLaurenzo, Mia (January 30, 2019)."Love endures all in Penny Serenade".WLRN-FM.RetrievedFebruary 23,2020.
  3. ^abcdefgh"Penny Serenade (1941)".American Film InstituteCatalog.2020.RetrievedFebruary 23,2020.
  4. ^"Film briefs".The Des Moines Register.January 12, 1941. p. 51 – viaNewspapers.Open access icon
  5. ^Penny Serenade.Rotten Tomatoes. Retrieved on 2008-08-13.
  6. ^"Penny Serenade".Variety.December 30, 1940.RetrievedFebruary 23,2020.
  7. ^"The New Pictures".Time.May 5, 1941. Archived fromthe originalon February 4, 2013.Retrieved2010-12-31.
  8. ^Sloman, Tony (2020)."Penny Serenade".Radio Times.RetrievedFebruary 23,2020.
  9. ^Bosley Crowther(May 23, 1941)."Cary Grant and Irene Dunne Play aPenny Serenadeat the Music Hall ".The New York Times.Retrieved2010-12-31.
  10. ^"Your Radio Today".St. Petersburg Times (Florida).1941-11-16. p. 38.Retrieved2018-01-31.
  11. ^"Pittsburgh Radio Programs".The Pittsburgh Press.1942-04-27. p. 7.Retrieved2018-01-31.
  12. ^"Radio Programs".The Brooklyn Daily Eagle (New York).1944-05-08. p. 15.Retrieved2020-09-20.
  13. ^"RADIO: Program Preview".Time.July 20, 1953. Archived fromthe originalon February 4, 2013.Retrieved2010-12-31.
  14. ^"Welcome to the Public Domain".Stanford University Libraries. Archived fromthe originalon 2009-01-15.
  15. ^"Penny Serenade DVD Comparison".DVD Compare.
  16. ^"Penny Serenade Blu-ray Comparison".DVD Compare.
  17. ^Dilley, Whitney Crothers (2014).The Cinema of Ang Lee: The Other Side of the Screen(2nd ed.). Columbia University Press. p. 167.ISBN9780231538497.
  18. ^"Penny Serenade (1941) - Connections / Featured in..."IMDb.RetrievedApr 28,2021.
  19. ^"Thelma and Louise (1991) questions and answers".moviemistakes.RetrievedApr 28,2021.
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