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Peter Hitchens
Hitchens in 2015
Born
Peter Jonathan Hitchens

(1951-10-28)28 October 1951(age 72)
Sliema,Crown Colony of Malta
NationalityBritish
Alma materUniversity of York(BA)
Occupations
  • Journalist
  • author
Political party
Spouse
Eve Ross
​
(m.1983)​
Children3, includingDan Hitchens
RelativesChristopher Hitchens(brother)
AwardsOrwell Prize(2010)
Websitehitchensblog.mailonsunday.co.uk

Peter Jonathan Hitchens(born 28 October 1951) is an Englishconservativeauthor, broadcaster, journalist, and commentator. He writes forThe Mail on Sundayand was aforeign correspondentreporting from bothMoscowandWashington, D.C.Peter Hitchens has contributed toThe Spectator,The American Conservative,The Guardian,First Things,Prospect,and theNew Statesman.His books includeThe Abolition of Britain,The Rage Against God,The War We Never FoughtandThe Phoney Victory.

Previously asocialistand supporter of theLabour Party,Hitchens became more conservative during the 1990s. He joined theConservative Partyin 1997 and left in 2003, and has since been deeply critical of the party, which he views as the biggest obstacle to true conservatism in the UK. Hitchens describes himself as aBurkeanconservative,social democrat,and AngloGaullist.[1][2][3]He advocatesconservative Christianpolitical views, such as opposition tosame-sex marriageand support of stricterrecreational drug policies.[4][5][6]Hitchens criticised theUK's responseto theCOVID-19 pandemic,especiallylockdownsand mandates that the public wearface masks.

Background

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Early life and family

[edit]

Peter Hitchens was born inMalta,where his father, Eric Ernest Hitchens (1909–1987), a naval officer,[7]was stationed as part of the thenMediterranean Fleetof theRoyal Navy.His mother, Yvonne Jean Hitchens (née Hickman; 1921–1973), had met Eric while serving in theWomen's Royal Naval Service(Wrens) during theSecond World War.[8]Hitchens has Jewish descent via his maternal grandmother, a daughter of Polish Jewish migrants. His grandmother revealed this fact upon meeting his wife Eve Ross. Though his brotherChristopherwas quick to embrace his Jewish identity following the principle of matrilineal descent, Peter noted that they were only one-32nd Jewish by descent and has not identified as Jewish himself.[9]

As a youth, Hitchens wanted to be an officer in theRoyal Navy,following his father. However, when he was 10, he learned he had alazy eyethat could not be corrected, thereby barring him from serving in theRoyal Navy.[8][10]

Hitchens attendedMount House School, Tavistock,The Prebendal School, Chichester,[11]The Leys School,and theOxford College of Further Education[12]before being accepted at theUniversity of York,where he studied Philosophy and Politics and was a member ofAlcuin College,graduating in 1973.[13]

Hitchens married Eve Ross[14]in 1983. They have a daughter and two sons.[13]Their elder son,Dan,[15]was editor of theCatholic Herald,a London-basedRoman Catholicnewspaper.[16]Hitchens lives in Oxford.[17][18]

Religion

[edit]

Hitchens was brought up in the Christian faith and attended Christian boarding schools but became anatheist,beginning to leave his faith at 15. He returned to church later in life, and is now anAnglicanand a member of theChurch of England.[19][20][21]

Relationship with his brother

[edit]
External videos
video iconDebate with Christopher and Peter Hitchens onThe Abolition of Britain,14 October 1999,C-SPAN

Hitchens' only sibling was the journalist and authorChristopher Hitchens,who was two years older. Christopher said in 2005 that the main difference between the two was belief in the existence of God.[22]Peter was a member of theInternational Socialists(forerunners of the modernSocialist Workers' Party)[23]from 1968 to 1975 (beginning at age 17) after Christopher introduced him to them. The brothers fell out after Peter wrote a 2001 article inThe Spectatorwhich allegedly characterised Christopher as aStalinist.[24][22]

After the birth of Peter's third child, the two brothers reconciled.[25]Peter's review of his brother's bookGod Is Not Greatled to a public argument between the brothers but no renewed estrangement.[26]

In 2007, the brothers appeared as panellists onBBCTV'sQuestion Time,where they clashed on a number of issues.[27]In 2008, in the US, they debated the2003 invasion of Iraqand theexistence of God.[28]In 2010 at thePew Research Center,the pair debated the nature of God in civilisation.[29]Christopher died in 2011; at a memorial service held for him in New York, Peter read St Paul'sPhilippians4:8,[30]which Christopher had read at their father's funeral.[31]

Journalism

[edit]

He joined theLabour Partyin 1977 but left shortly after campaigning forKen Livingstonein 1979, thinking it was wrong to carry a party card when directly reporting politics,[32]and coinciding with a culmination of growing personal disillusionment with the Labour movement.[33]

Hitchens began his journalistic career on the local press inSwindonand then at theCoventry Evening Telegraph.[34]He then worked for theDaily Expressbetween 1977 and 2000, initially as a reporter specialising in education and industrial and labour affairs, then as a political reporter, and subsequently as deputypolitical editor.[32]Leaving parliamentary journalism to cover defence and diplomatic affairs, he reported on the decline and collapse of communist regimes in severalWarsaw Pactcountries, which culminated in a stint as Moscow correspondent and reporting on life there[35]during the final months of theSoviet Unionand the early years of theRussian Federationin 1990–92. He took part in reporting theUK 1992 general election,closely followingNeil Kinnock.[36]He then became theDaily ExpressWashington correspondent.[37]Returning to Britain in 1995, he became a commentator and columnist.[citation needed]

Hitchens reported from Somalia at the time of theUnited Nations intervention in the Somali Civil War.[38]

In 2000, Hitchens left theDaily Expressafter its acquisition byRichard Desmond,[39]stating that working for him would have represented a moral conflict of interest.[40]Hitchens joinedThe Mail on Sunday,where he has a weekly column and weblog in which he debates directly with readers. Hitchens has also written forThe SpectatorandThe American Conservativemagazines, and occasionally forThe Guardian,Prospect,and theNew Statesman.

After being shortlisted in 2007[41]and 2009,[42]Hitchens won theOrwell Prizein political journalism in 2010.[43]Peter Kellner,one of the Orwell Prize judges, described Hitchens's writing as being "as firm, polished and potentially lethal as a Guardsman's boot."[44]

A regular on British radio and television, Hitchens has been onQuestion Time,[45]Any Questions?,This Week,[46]The Daily PoliticsandThe Big Questions.[47]He has authored and presented four documentaries;[48][non-primary source needed]one on the BBC about Euroscepticism, and three onChannel 4,including one on the surveillance state, and critical examinations ofNelson Mandela[49]andDavid Cameron.[50]In the late 1990s, Hitchens co-presented a programme onTalk Radio UKwithDerek DraperandAustin Mitchell.[51]

In 2010, Hitchens was described byEdward LucasinThe Economistas "a forceful, tenacious, eloquent and brave journalist. He lambasts woolly thinking and crooked behaviour at home and abroad."[52]In 2009,Anthony Howardwrote of Hitchens, "the old revolutionary socialist has lost nothing of his passion and indignation as the years have passed us all by. It is merely the convictions that have changed, not the fervour and fanaticism with which they continue to be held."[53]

Political views

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Hitchens describes himself as aBurkeanconservative,[1]asocial democrat[2]and more recently, a BritishGaullist.[54]In 2010,Michael Gove,writing inThe Times,asserted that, for Hitchens, what is more important than the split between the Left and the Right is "the deeper gulf between the restless progressive and the Christian pessimist."[55]Hitchens joined theConservative Partyin 1997 and left in 2003. This was when he challengedMichael Portillofor the Conservative nomination in theKensington and Chelseaseat in 1999.[56]

He has been consistently dismissive of the modernUK Conservative Partysince the 1990s. This is because he believes that the party has since then abandoned truesocial conservatism.[57]His view is that conservatism should embody a Burkean sense of public duty, conscience and therule of law,which he sees as the best guarantee ofliberty.Furthermore, this view holds a general hostility to hasty reforms and adventurism. This was central to his criticism of many policy proposals by theNew Labourgovernment, which he viewed as attacks on liberty and facets of a constitutional revolution.[58]He believes the Conservative Party should be a defender of establishment institutions such as theChurch of Englandand theMonarchy,but has shifted tosocial liberalisminstead. He believes that atheism, along withcultural liberalism,are the causes of the systematic undermining of Christianity. Hitchens has written "The left's real interests are moral, cultural, sexual and social. They lead to a powerful state. This is not because they actively set out to achieve one."[59]He also believes that theFirst World Warand the devolution ofmarriageare the causes of the demise of Christianity in Europe.[60][61]

In his bookThe Cameron Delusion,Hitchens argues that in the last few decades, the party has become virtually "indistinguishable fromBlairiteNew Labour ".[62]He thinks the Conservative Party is now just a vehicle for "obtaining office for the sons of gentlemen" and he loathes the party.[63][64]Hitchens's claim that the "Conservatives are now the main Left-wing party in the country" in hisMail on Sundaycolumn has been met with criticism.[65][66]

He is in favour ofcapital punishment,[67][68]and was the only British journalist to attend and write about the execution of British-bornNicholas Ingramin America in 1995.[69]He supportsfirst-past-the-post voting.[70]He is opposed to theprivatisation of railways.[1]

Hitchens has been a member of the campaign to clear the name ofBishop of Chichester,George Bell,from allegations ofchild sexual abuse.[71][72]He has argued that theChurch of Englandconvicted him in what he described as akangaroo court,[73]and stated his wish that allegations are not treated as proven facts.[74]

He is a supporter ofgrammar schools.[75][76]

Writings and thought

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War and terrorism

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He was opposed to theNATO intervention in Kosovoand 2003US-led invasion of Iraq,arguing that neither was in the interests of either Britain or theUnited States,[77]and opposed thewar in Afghanistan.[78]

He believes that the UK should never have participated inWorld War I,and is very critical of the view thatWorld War IIwas "The Good War". His view on World War II is laid out in his bookThe Phoney Victory,in which he argues that the UK entered World War II too early, and that the UK overly glorifies World War II.[79][80][81]He argues that while theallieswere fighting a radical evil, they sometimes used immoral methods, such as thecarpet bombingof German civilians.[82]He believes that Britain's entry into World War II led to its rapid decline after the war. This was because, among other things, it could not finance the war and was not prepared for it. As a result, it had to surrender much of its wealth and power to avoid bankruptcy.[83]Hitchens' views on theUK in World War IIhave been met with criticism by historians, withRichard J. Evansdescribing his bookThe Phoney Victoryas 'riddled with errors'.[79][81]Hitchens responded to Evans' review on his online web-blog.[84]

Hitchens is notanti-war,since he believes that this position often leaves countries defenceless in times of war. Instead, he argues that military power and the threat of war can be deterrents against war.[85]Hitchens wrote about his concern of the use ofsecurity (anti-terrorism) legislationand increased police powers underNew Labour,and how it has been used to suppresscivil liberties.InChannel 4'sDispatches,Hitchens said the result of this legislation was that Britain ended up "sleepwalking into a Big Brother state".[86]

European Union

[edit]
See also:Euroscepticism in the United Kingdom

Hitchens is critical of theEuropean Unionand argued for many years, beforeBrexit,that Britain would be better off outside it.[87]In 2017 he endorsed theFlexcitmodel proposed byRichard NorthandChristopher Bookeras the most sensible and moderate way to leave the EU while remaining in theEuropean Economic Areato preserve the economic benefits of EU membership.[88]However, he did not vote in the2016 UK EU referendumbecause he is critical of referendums.[88]Instead of a referendum, he argued that a leave decision would be best done by voting into power a political party whose manifesto committed the country to withdrawal by an act of Parliament.[89]

Vaccination

[edit]
Further information:MMR vaccine and autismandVaccine hesitancy

Hitchens was against theMMR vaccinefollowing theLancet MMR autism fraud.[90][91]He asked in a 2001 article: "Is it really our duty to risk our children's lives with this jab?"[92]In 2013, he defended this earlier article, saying he was criticising "State Boss iness in an age that has seen a catalogue of mistakes, panics and mysteries in the world of disease and medicine" and referred to thethalidomide scandal.He has defended discredited former doctorAndrew Wakefield.[92]

After beingvaccinatedagainstCOVID-19in 2021, Hitchens rejected accusations he is an anti-vaxxer, but said that he was "more or less forced to have an immunisation I would not normally have bothered with".[93]

War on drugs

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Hitchens has written about the enforcement of drug laws, most notably in his bookThe War We Never Fought(2012). He advocates harsher penalties properly enforced for possession and illegal use ofcannabis,[94]claiming that "cannabis has been mis-sold as a soft and harmless substance when in fact it's potentially extremely dangerous."[94]He is opposed to thedecriminalisationofrecreational drugsin general. In 2012, Hitchens gave evidence to the ParliamentaryHome Affairs Select Committeeas part of its inquiry into drugs policy, and called for the British government to introduce a more hard-line policy on drugs.[5]Hitchens disagrees with the notion ofdrug addiction,arguing that it goes against the notion offree will.He says: "People take drugs because they enjoy it."[4]

LGBT rights and marriage

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Hitchens has criticised thetransgender rights movement,claiming that it promoteszealotryand that changes in traditionalgender rolesin society are "destroying truth itself".[95]

Hitchens was one of the most outspoken opponents ofsame-sex marriagein 2013, the year beforesame-sex marriage was legal in Britain.[95]In speaking toGuardianjournalistOwen Jonesin 2015, he said his real issue was with the decline of heterosexualmarriagein society and the legalisation "of what was in effectno-fault divorce",and that same-sex marriage is" a side-effect... It's a consequence of the collapse of heterosexual marriage, and I regret now getting involved in the argument about same-sex marriage, because it was a Stalingrad, a diversion. Why is one worrying about a few thousand people who want to have same-sex marriages, without being at all concerned about the collapse of heterosexual marriage, which involves millions of people, and millions of children? "[96]

In 2019, theUniversity of Buckinghamorganised a "free-speech society" after Hitchens' "no-platforming"by theUniversity of Portsmouthover his views on gay rights, which they believed would cause conflict withLGBTevents on campus.[97]Hitchens was the first guest invited by the society to address students.[98]In response to his being no-platformed by the University of Portsmouth, Hitchens was invited by the Archivist and the Head of History and Politics at The Portsmouth Grammar School to give a short talk on "The myth of Russian aggression" to Sixth Form pupils.[99]

Environment

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Hitchens has claimed that "the greenhouse effect probably doesn't exist"and that thescientific consensus linking global warming to human activityhas not been proven, describing it as "modish dogma".[100][101][102]He has criticisedwind power in the United Kingdomand argued in 2015 that its expansion put the UK at risk of blackouts.[103][104]

COVID-19 pandemic

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Hitchens has repeatedly criticised theBritish government's responseto theCOVID-19 pandemic.[105][106][107]He has particularly criticisedCOVID-19 lockdownsin the UK, suggesting they would have negative consequences and questioning their epidemiological efficacy.[108][109]Critics have described him as a "lockdown sceptic".[110]Full Factevaluated his statement, where he said it was "not possible" for the first lockdown in March to cause the peak in daily infections and deaths to decline, in afact-checkingarticle, and concluded that this was "wrong" based on available evidence.[110]Hitchens' view was also disputed byPaul Masonin theNew Statesman.[111]George MonbiotinThe Guardianalso critiqued Hitchens' views.[104]Daniel Hannanmeanwhile expressed agreement with Hitchens inThe Daily Telegraph.[106]A tweet by Hitchens stating four fifths of cases were asymptomatic was also described as "misleading" byVoice of America.[112]Hitchens criticisedImperial College London modelling,which suggested that there could be up to 500,000 COVID-19 deaths if the government did not impose alockdown.[113][114]

He has supportedSweden's response to the pandemic.[115]He has opposed the mandatory wearing offace masks during the pandemic,[116][117]referring to them as "muzzles".[118][119]He also believes that government mandates to wear face coverings are oppressive.[120][118]He has been accused of promotingmisinformation about the pandemicand public health restrictions by several sources.[112][110][111][118]

English independence

[edit]

Hitchens has spoken in favour ofEnglish nationalism,arguing that theUnited Kingdomshould be dissolved andEnglandshould become an independent country once again.[121]

Russia and Ukraine

[edit]

In 2010, Hitchens argued thatCrimeashould be part ofRussiarather thanUkraine,stating that the peninsula is historically Russian.[52]In November, 2022, he said that there exists a "virulent" nationalism in Ukraine, and that it is easier "to be a non-Scot in Scotland" than "an ethnic Russian in Ukraine" due to the "ugly strain of Ukrainian nationalism that made life difficult for ethnic Russians in Ukraine."[122]

Hitchens has stated that Ukraine should not joinNATO.[123]He is also against providing military aid to Ukraine,[124]having stated: "The conflict in Ukraine was always unnecessary. It has done nothing but harm to Ukraine and Ukrainians. Ukraine has been used as a battering ram in someone else's quarrel."[125]Hitchens called for peace negotiations between Ukraine and Russia.[126]

Hitchens has been a vocal supporter of pro-Russian British journalistGraham Phillipsin his fight against beingsanctioned by the government of the United Kingdom.Although expressing criticism of Phillips and his work, Hitchens has been strongly critical of the British government, describing Phillips's fight against sanctions as "liberty fighting tyranny" and "one of the most important court cases of our time".[127]Writing in support of Phillips, andJulian Assange,in March 2024, Hitchens described Phillips as a "prisoner of the (UK) state".[128]

Publications

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Hitchens is the author ofThe Abolition of Britain(1999) andA Brief History of Crime(2003), both critical of changes in British society since the 1960s. A compendium of hisDaily Expresscolumns was published asMonday Morning Bluesin 2000.A Brief History of Crimewas reissued asThe Abolition of Libertyin April 2004, with an additional chapter onidentity cards( "Your papers, please" ), and with two chapters – on gun control ( "Out of the barrel of a gun" ) and capital punishment ( "Cruel and unusual" ) – removed.

The Broken Compass: How British Politics Lost its Waywas published in May 2009, andThe Rage Against Godwas published in Britain in March 2010, and in the US in May. Hitchens's bookThe War We Never Fought: The British Establishment's Surrender to Drugs,about what he sees as the non-existence of thewar on drugs,was published by Bloomsbury in the autumn of 2012.[129]

In June 2014, Hitchens published his first e-book,Short Breaks in Mordor,a compendium of foreign reports.[130]The Phoney Victory: The World War II Illusionwas published in August 2018 by I.B. Tauris.[131]It addresses what Hitchens views as the national myth of theSecond World War,which he believes did long-term damage to Britain and its position in the world. It was negatively reviewed by the historianRichard Evansin theNew Statesman,who described the book as "riddled with errors".[132]

Bibliography

[edit]
video iconBooknotesinterview with Hitchens onThe Abolition of Britain,31 December 2000,C-SPAN
  • The Abolition of Britain(1999)
  • Monday Morning Blues(2000)
  • A Brief History of Crime(2003), updated in paperback asThe Abolition of Liberty: The Decline of Order and Justice in England(2004)
  • The Broken Compass(2009), updated in paperback asThe Cameron Delusion(2010)
  • The Rage Against God(2010)
  • The War We Never Fought(2012)
  • Short Breaks in Mordor(2014)
  • The Phoney Victory(2018)ISBN9781788313292
  • Unconventional Wisdom(2020)
  • A Revolution Betrayed: How Egalitarians Wrecked the British Education System(2022)

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
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  2. ^abRentoul, John (20 November 2013)."Peter Hitchens: One-way tweets".The Independent.Retrieved28 December2016.
  3. ^Jackson, Julian T. (14 August 2021)."The problem with Anglo-Gaullism | The Spectator".spectator.co.uk.Retrieved19 March2022.
  4. ^abAitkenhead, Decca (21 October 2012)."Peter Hitchens: 'I don't believe in addiction. People take drugs because they enjoy it'".The Guardian.Retrieved29 October2020.
  5. ^ab"Hitchens urges tough drugs policy".BBC News.24 April 2012.Retrieved28 April2012.
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  15. ^Martinson, Jane (21 April 2019)."Wanted: newsrooms that truly reflect modern Britain".The Guardian.Retrieved14 April2023.The awarding of an internship to the son of the well-known journalist, Peter Hitchens...
  16. ^"The trouble with Catholic politicians"Archived18 August 2018 at theWayback MachinePublished byCatholic Herald,12 July 2018, retrieved 18 August 2018
  17. ^Peter Hitchens on living in Hampstead and having his bike stolen by a ‘geezer in a tweed jacket’Published by Hampstead Highgate Express on 22 December 2016
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  21. ^Letters (8 March 2018)."Peter Hitchens: I'm no zealot | Letters".The Guardian.As it happens, I am a soppy, broad-church Anglican who dislikes any sort of religious enthusiasm or sectarianism, given to hiding behind a pillar during Evensong.
  22. ^abKatz, Ian (31 May 2005)."When Christopher met Peter".The Guardian.
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  34. ^His first cited article from the latter paper on theBritish Newspaper Archiveis "Stoke to Build Alpine Engine", 28 June 1976
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