Pheme
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InGreek mythology,Pheme(/ˈfiːmiː/FEE-mee;Greek:Φήμη,Phēmē;Romanequivalent:Fama), also known asOssainHomeric sources,[1]was the personification of fame and renown, her favour being notability, her wrath being scandalous rumours. She was a daughter either ofGaiaor ofElpis(Hope), was described as "she who initiates and furthers communication" and had an altar atAthens.A tremendous gossip, Pheme was said to have pried into the affairs of mortals and gods, then repeated what she learned, starting off at first with just a dull whisper, but repeating it louder each time, until everyone knew. In art, she was usually depicted with wings and atrumpet.[2]
InRoman mythology,Fama ( "rumor" ) was described as having multiple tongues, eyes, ears, and feathers byVirgil(inAeneidIV line 180 and following) and other authors.Virgilwrote that she "had her feet on the ground, and her head in the clouds, making the small seem great and the great seem greater". In Homer Pheme is called the Rumour goddess or the messenger of Zeus. In Book One of the Odyssey, the purpose of Telemachus' journey to Pylos is so that he might gain "pheme" among the world.[3]
InEnglish Renaissance theatre,Rumour was a stock personification, best known fromWilliam Shakespeare'sHenry IV, Part 2in the quote "Open your ears; for which of you will stop The vent of hearing, when loud Rumour speaks?". James C. Bulman'sArden Shakespeareedition notes numerous lesser known theatrical examples.[4]
Linguistic associations
[edit]The Greek wordphemeis related to ϕάναι "to speak" and can mean "fame", "report", or "rumor". The Latin wordfama,with the same range of meanings, is related to the Latinfari( "to speak" ), and is, through French, theetymonof the English "fame".[5]
See also
[edit]Notes
[edit]- ^Homer, Iliad 2. 93 ff (trans. Lattimore) (Greek epic C8th B.C.): "[The Greeks] marched in order by companies to the assembly, and Ossa (Rumour) walked blazing among them, Zeus' messenger, to hasten them along." Homer, Odyssey 2. 216 ff (trans. Shewring) (Greek epic C8th B.C.): "[Telemakhos (Telemachus) departs in search of his father Odysseus:] ‘Perhaps some human witness will speak, perhaps I shall hear some rumour (ossa) that comes from Zeus, a great source of tidings for mankind.’" Homer, Odyssey 24. 412 ff: "Ossa (Rumour) as herald was speeding hotfoot through the city, crying the news of the suitors' [of Penelope] hideous death and doom."
- ^"Pheme".RetrievedJuly 14,2020.
- ^"Ομήρου Οδύσσεια Τόμος Α".
- ^p. 161
- ^Oxford English Dictionary,1st Edition, 1891,s.v.'fame'
References
[edit]- Smith, William;Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology,London (1873)."Ossa"
- Gianni Guastella, "La Fama degli antichi e le sue trasformazioni tra Medioevo e Rinascimento(The fame of the antiquity and its transformations between the Middle Ages and the Renaissance)," in Sergio Audano, Giovanni Cipriani (ed.),Aspetti della Fortuna dell'Antico nella Cultura Europea: atti della settima giornata di studi(Aspects of Ancient Fortune in European Culture: Proceedings of the Seventh Study Day),Sestri Levante,19 Marzo 2010(Foggia: Edizioni il Castello, 2011) (Echo, 1), 35–74.
External links
[edit]
- Theoi Greek Mythology -- Pheme
- .Encyclopædia Britannica(11th ed.). 1911.
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