Port Esquivel, Jamaica
Port Esquivelis asettlementin the south coast ofJamaicathat primarily handlesaluminium oxide(alumina).
History
[edit]The original Puerta de Esquivela was a harbour completed in 1959 and named after the first deputy governor of Jamaica,Juan de Esquivel.[1][2]Port Esquivel as a loading port was established in the 1950s by Alumina Jamaica Limited.[2][3]Alumina shipments from the port started in early 1952, when the country's alumina industry was still in its infancy.[4]Port activities were halted duringHurricane Ivanin September 2004.[5]
Operations
[edit]Located 22 miles (35 km) west ofKingston,[6]Port Esquivel is primarily analumina-handling facility but is also the only port on Jamaica's south coast capable of accommodating large ships.[7]Its 645 feet (197 m) pier is made of concrete and steel and some 35,000 tonnes (34,000 long tons; 39,000 short tons) of goods can be loaded and processed in 38 hours. Two vessels can berth at the port concurrently.[8][9]
A 14 miles (23 km)-long channel allows for the export of alumina andmolassesand for the import of fuel oil and other alumina-related products likebauxite.[3][7]Texacosupplies oil to the Jamaica Public Service (JPS) via its oil storage plant on Port Esquivel.[10]Port Esquivel has its own fire brigade.[11]
Environmental impact
[edit]According to a 1987 environmental study, alumina pollution at Port Esquivel was negatively affecting the growth of the coastal sea grass; in 1984 alone, close to 5 acres (2.0 ha) of seagrass beds were destroyed.Oil pollutionfrom leakages at the Texaco storage facility similarly damaged the nearby corals.[10]
References
[edit]- ^Thomas Coke (1808).A History of the West Indies: Containing the Natural, Civil, and Ecclesiastical History of Each Island; with an Account of the Missions Instituted in Those Islands, from the Commencement of Their Civilization, But More Especially of the Missions which Have Been Established in that Archipelago by the Society Late in Connexion with the Rev. John Wesley.Nuttall, Fisher, and Dixon. pp. 245–.
- ^abProceedings.1957. pp. 412—.
- ^abThe Handbook of Jamaica for...: Comprising Historical, Statistical and General Information Concerning the Island Compiled from Official and Other Reliable Records.Government Print. Establishment. 1966. pp. 749—.
- ^Quentin R. Skrabec (6 February 2017).Aluminum in America: A History.McFarland. pp. 138–.ISBN978-1-4766-2564-5.
- ^Aluminium.Aluminium-Verlag. 2004. pp. 1239—.
- ^The Shipping World and Shipbuilding & Marine Engineering News.Shipping World, Ltd. 1954. pp. 566—.
- ^abJamaica: The Impact and Effectiveness of the PL 480 Title I Program.U.S. Agency for International Development. 1984. pp. 4–.
- ^Port Bustamante... Handbook.Shipping Association of Jamaica and the Port Authority of Jamaica. 1978. pp. 15–.
- ^The Jamaica Yearbook of Industry and Agriculture.City Printery. 1961. pp. 145—.
- ^abJamaica: Country Environmental Profile.The Ministry. 1987. pp. 101–102.
- ^Guide to Port Entry.Shipping Guides Limited. 2001. pp. 1267—.