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Hungaryis alandlocked countryinCentral Europe.Spanning 93,030 square kilometres (35,920 sq mi) of theCarpathian Basin,it is bordered bySlovakiato the north,Ukraineto the northeast,Romaniato the east and southeast,Serbiato the south,CroatiaandSloveniato the southwest, andAustriato the west. Hungary has a population of 9.5 million, mostly ethnicHungariansand a significantRomani minority.Hungarian,a language belonging to theUgricbranch of theUraliclanguage family, is theofficial language,andBudapestis the country's capital andlargest city.

Prior to the foundation of the Hungarian state, various peoples settled in the territory of present-day Hungary, most notably theCelts,Romans,Huns,Germanic peoples,AvarsandSlavs.ThePrincipality of Hungarywas established in the late 9th century byÁlmosand his sonÁrpádthrough theconquest of the Carpathian Basin.KingStephen Iascended the throne in 1000, converting his realm to aChristian kingdom.The medievalKingdom of Hungarywas a European power, reachingits height in the 14th–15th centuries.After a long period ofOttoman wars,Hungary's forces were defeated at theBattle of Mohácsand its capital wascapturedin 1541, opening roughly a 150 years long period when the country was divided into three parts:Royal Hungaryloyal to theHabsburgs,Ottoman Hungaryand the largely independentPrincipality of Transylvania.The reunited Hungary came under Habsburg rule at the turn of the 18th century, fighting awar of independencein 1703–1711, and awar of independencein 1848–1849 until acompromiseallowed the formation of theAustro-Hungarian Monarchyin 1867, amajor powerinto the early 20th century. Austria-Hungary collapsed afterWorld War I,and the subsequentTreaty of Trianonin 1920 established Hungary's current borders, resulting in the loss of 71% of its historical territory, 58% of its population, and32% of its ethnic Hungarians.

In theinterwar period,after initial turmoil,Miklós Horthyascended as a determining politician,representing the monarchy as regentin place of the Habsburgs. Hungary joined theAxis powersinWorld War II,suffering significant damage and casualties. As a result, theHungarian People's Republicwas established as asatellite stateof theSoviet Union.Following the failed1956 revolution,Hungary becamecomparatively freer,but still remained a repressed member of theEastern Bloc.In 1989, concurrently with theRevolutions of 1989,Hungary peacefully transitioned into ademocratic parliamentary republic,joining theEuropean Unionin 2004 and being part of theSchengen Areasince 2007.

Hungary is ahigh-income economywithuniversal health careand tuition-freesecondary education.Hungary has a long history of significant contributions toarts,music,literature,sports,science and technology.It is apopular tourist destinationin Europe, drawing 24.5 million international tourists in 2019. It is a member of numerous international organisations, including theCouncil of Europe,NATO,United Nations,World Health Organization,World Trade Organization,World Bank,Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank,and theVisegrád Group.(Full article...)

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TurkorTurksmay refer to: (Full article...)

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Hungarian Revolution of 1956 Joseph Szigeti Stephen I of Hungary 2008 Hungarian Grand Prix Hungarian occupation of Yugoslav territories Joel Brand Edward Teller Georg Solti André Kertész

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Ethnic distribution of Hungarians worldwide

Hungarians,also known asMagyars(/ˈmæɡjɑːrz/MAG-yarz;Hungarian:magyarok[ˈmɒɟɒrok]), are aCentral European nationand anethnic groupnative toHungary(Hungarian:Magyarország) and historical Hungarian lands (i.e. belonging to the formerKingdom of Hungary) who share a commonculture,history,ancestry,andlanguage.The Hungarian language belongs to theUralic language family,alongside, most notablyFinnishandEstonian.

There are an estimated 14.5 million ethnic Hungarians and their descendants worldwide, of whom 9.6 million live in today's Hungary. About 2 million Hungarians live in areas that were part of the Kingdom of Hungary before theTreaty of Trianonin 1920 and are now parts of Hungary's seven neighbouring countries,Slovakia,Ukraine,Romania,Serbia,Croatia,Slovenia,andAustria.In addition, significant groups of people with Hungarian ancestry live in various other parts of the world, most of them in theUnited States,Canada,Germany,France,theUnited Kingdom,Chile,Brazil,Australia,andArgentina,and therefore constitute theHungarian diaspora(Hungarian:magyar diaszpóra). (Full article...)

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Musicians

Béla Bartók– János Bihari– Ernő Dohnányi– Béni Egressy– Ferenc Erkel– Zoltán Kocsis– Zoltán Kodály– Franz Liszt- Eugene Ormandy- George Szell- András Schiff

Painters

Gyula Benczúr– Tivadar Csontváry Kosztka– Béla Czóbel– Árpád Feszty– Károly Lotz– Viktor Madarász– Mihály Munkácsy– József Rippl-Rónai– Pál Szinyei Merse– István Szőnyi– Victor Vasarely

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Brassaï– Cornell Capa– Robert Capa– Lucien Hervé– André Kertész– László Moholy-Nagy– Martin Munkácsi

Scientists

Béla H. Bánáthy– Zoltán Bay– Georg von Békésy– Farkas Bolyai– János Bolyai– Károly Bund– József Eötvös– Loránd Eötvös– Dennis Gabor– John Charles Harsanyi– George de Hevesy– Alexander Csoma de Kőrös– László Lovász– John von Neumann– George Andrew Olah– Ernő Rubik– Hans Selye– Ignaz Semmelweis– Charles Simonyi– János Szentágothai– Albert Szent-Györgyi– Leó Szilárd– Edward Teller– Eugene Wigner

Writers and poets

Endre Ady– János Arany– József Eötvös– György Faludy– Béla Hamvas– Mór Jókai– Attila József– Ferenc Kazinczy– Imre Kertész– János Kodolányi– Ferenc Kölcsey– Imre Madách– Sándor Márai– Ferenc Molnár– Sándor Petőfi– Miklós Radnóti– Magda Szabó– Antal Szerb– Miklós Vámos– Mihály Vörösmarty

Statesmen, Politicians and Military

Gyula Andrássy– Lajos Batthyány– Gabriel Bethlen– Stephen Bocskay– Matthias Corvinus– Ferenc Deák– Miklós Horthy– Lajos Kossuth– Ferenc Nagy– Imre Nagy– Bertalan Szemere– István Széchenyi– Miklós Wesselényi– Vilmos Nagy of Nagybaczon

Sportspeople

József Bozsik– Krisztina Egerszegi– Zoltán Gera– Dezső Gyarmati– Ágnes Keleti– Péter Lékó– Csaba Mérő– Tibor Nyilasi– László Papp– Judit Polgár– Zsuzsa Polgár– Ferenc Puskás

Film & Stage

Nimród Antal– Michael Curtiz– John Garfield– Miklós Jancsó– Sir Alexander Korda– Peter Lorre– Béla Lugosi– Emeric Pressburger– Miklós Rózsa– Andy G. Vajna– Gábor Zsazsa

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Emeric's royal seal

Emeric,also known asHenryorImre(Hungarian:Imre,Croatian:Emerik,Slovak:Imrich;1174 – 30 November 1204), wasKing of HungaryandCroatiabetween 1196 and 1204. In 1184, his father,Béla III of Hungary,ordered that he be crowned king, and appointed him as ruler ofCroatiaandDalmatiaaround 1195. Emeric ascended the throne after the death of his father. During the first four years of his reign, hefoughthis rebellious brother,Andrew,who forced Emeric to make him ruler of Croatia and Dalmatia asappanage.

Emeric cooperated with theHoly Seeagainst theBosnian Church,which theCatholic Churchconsidered to beheretical.Taking advantage of a civil war, Emeric expanded hissuzeraintyoverSerbia.He failed to prevent theRepublic of Venice,which was assisted by crusaders of theFourth Crusade,from seizingZadarin 1202. He also could not impede the rise ofBulgariaalong the southern frontiers of his kingdom. Emeric was the first Hungarian monarch to use the "Árpád stripes"as his personal coat of arms and to adopt the title ofKing of Serbia.Before his death, Emeric had his four-year-old son,Ladislaus III,crowned king. (Full article...)

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Image 1A view ofMiskolc
Image 2Grand Prince Árpád crossing the Carpathians. A detail of theArrival of the Hungarians,Árpád Feszty's and his assistants' vast (1800 m²)cycloramiccanvas, painted to celebrate the 1000th anniversary of the Magyar conquest of Hungary, now displayed at theÓpusztaszer National Heritage Parkin Hungary.
Image 3An image depicting theHungarian populationin Hungary according to the census from 1890
Image 4A view ofLake Neusiedl,which straddles the Austrian–Hungarian border
Image 5Hungarian Air ForceJAS 39 Gripen multirole combat aircraft,2007
Image 6Siemens Desiroon theHungarian State Railwaysnetwork, which isone of the densest in the world
Image 7TheHungarian Romanifolk music groupKalyi Jagperforming in Warzaw, Poland in 2010
Image 8The heroism ofTitusz Dugovicsgrabbing the Ottoman standard-bearer while both of them plunge to their deaths, during theSiege of Belgrade (1456).Painting is titledTitusz Dugovics Sacrifices Himself,byAlexander von Wagner,1859.
Image 9TheHungarian Parliament Buildingin Budapest, 2015
Image 10Heroes' Squareis one of the major squares inBudapest,Hungary, noted for its iconic statue complex featuring theSeven chieftains of the Magyarsand other important Hungarian national leaders
Image 11A view of downtownNyíregyháza

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The following are images from various Hungary-related articles on Wikipedia.

Image 1A slice from theDobos Cake(fromCulture of Hungary)
Image 2Miklós Horthyde Nagybánya, Regent of Hungary. (fromHistory of Hungary)
Image 3King Charles's last battle against the oligarchy, Rozgony (1312).(fromHistory of Hungary)
Image 4TheSiege of Eger(1552), in which 2,000 Hungarians fought against close to 35,000–40,000 Turk warriors. The battle finished withHungarianvictory. (fromHistory of Hungary)
Image 5Hungarian conquest of the Carpathian Basindepicted in theChronicon Pictum(fromHistory of Hungary)
Image 6The Kingdom of Hungary, Principality of Upper Hungary and Principality of Transylvania in the 17th century. (fromHistory of Hungary)
Image 7Hungarian campaigns across Europein the 10th century. Between 899 and 970, according to contemporary sources, the researchers count 47 (38 to West and 9 to East) raids in different parts of Europe. From these campaigns only 8 were unsuccessful and the others ended with success. (fromHistory of Hungary)
Image 8Kingdom of Hungary in the second half of the 13th century (fromHistory of Hungary)
Image 9Carpathian Basin after the fall of the Hunnic andWestern Romanempires (fromHistory of Hungary)
Image 10Hungarian leaderMiklós Horthyand German leaderAdolf Hitlerin 1938. (fromHistory of Hungary)
Image 11Carpathian Basinin the2nd century AD:provinces of theRoman Empireand theBarbaricum(fromHistory of Hungary)
Image 12The seal of theGolden Bullof KingAndrew II of Hungaryfrom 1222 (fromHistory of Hungary)
Image 13Ferenc Kölcsey,author of the lyrics of theHungarian national anthem.(fromCulture of Hungary)
Image 14A cold bottle ofUnicum(fromCulture of Hungary)
Image 15TheKingdom of Hungaryin the 1090s. (fromHistory of Hungary)
Image 16Ferenc Liszt(fromCulture of Hungary)
Image 17Avőfélyin traditional costume, c. 1885 (fromCulture of Hungary)
Image 18Hungarian Arrow Cross army/militia and a GermanTiger IItank in Budapest, October 1944. (fromHistory of Hungary)
Image 19Lake Balatonin the 1930s just before the Second World War. (fromHistory of Hungary)
Image 20Viktor Orbán,thePrime Minister of Hungary(1998–2002, 2010–present) (fromHistory of Hungary)
Image 21Europe in 1097 (fromHistory of Hungary)
Image 22Hungarian and theLittle Ententeforces in strength of the 1920s. (fromHistory of Hungary)
Image 23Ferenc Rákóczi(fromHistory of Hungary)
Image 24The oldest surviving Hungarian (andUralic) poem,Old Hungarian Laments of Mary(fromCulture of Hungary)
Image 25Louis II of Hungary and Bohemia– the young king, who died at the Battle of Mohács, painted byTitian.(fromHistory of Hungary)
Image 26King Stephen I of Hungary,patron saintof Kings (Chronicon Pictum) (fromHistory of Hungary)
Image 27HungarianRomanifolk music bandKalyi Jag(fromCulture of Hungary)
Image 28Withdrawal of Soviet troops from Hungary, 1 July 1990. (fromHistory of Hungary)
Image 29TheTreaty of Trianon:Hungary lost 72% of its land, and sea ports in Croatia, 3,425,000 Magyars found themselves separated from their motherland. The country lost five of its ten biggest Hungarian cities. (fromHistory of Hungary)
Image 30Europeans from various countries rela xing in the wave pool in Budapest in 1939. (fromHistory of Hungary)
Image 31KingAttila(Chronicon Pictum) (fromHistory of Hungary)
Image 32Magyars in the Kingdom of Hungary in 1890. (fromHistory of Hungary)
Image 33A nicely preparedHortobágyi palacsinta,served inSopron(fromCulture of Hungary)
Image 34Western conquests of Matthias Corvinus. (fromHistory of Hungary)
Image 35John Hunyadi– one of the greatest generals and a later regent of Hungary. (Chronica Hungarorum,1488) (fromHistory of Hungary)
Image 36A Soviet tank attempts to clear a road barricade in Budapest, October 1956. (fromHistory of Hungary)
Image 37Ancient peoples inPannonia,2nd century BC(fromHistory of Hungary)
Image 38FranzLisztin Thuringia (fromCulture of Hungary)
Image 39Map of the counties in Hungary around 1880. (fromHistory of Hungary)
Image 40A map of the lands ruled by Louis the Great in Pallas's Great Encyclopedia (fromHistory of Hungary)
Image 41Budapest University of Technology and Economics,the oldest University of Technology in the world, founded in 1782. (fromHistory of Hungary)
Image 42Ferenc Gyurcsány in 2006 (fromHistory of Hungary)
Image 43Avar Khaganate in the first half of the7th century(fromHistory of Hungary)
Image 44A map of the Kingdom of Hungary in 1941. (fromHistory of Hungary)
Image 45Béla Bartók(fromCulture of Hungary)
Image 46Dacian Influence over Pannonia (fromHistory of Hungary)
Image 47An image portraying theFlag of Hungary(fromCulture of Hungary)
Image 48Hungarian Jews, shortly before being murdered in thegas chambersatAuschwitz death camp(May 1944). (fromHistory of Hungary)
Image 49Cutaway drawing ofMillennium UndergroundinBudapest(1894–1896) which was the first underground in continental Europe. (fromHistory of Hungary)
Image 50Csárdás (fromCulture of Hungary)
Image 51Map of Southeastern Europe around 850 AD (fromHistory of Hungary)
Image 52Lake Hévíz(fromCulture of Hungary)
Image 53Artist Mihály Zichy's rendition ofSándor Petőfireciting theNemzeti dal(national anthem) to a crowd on 15 March 1848. (fromHistory of Hungary)
Image 54Scythian golden deer shield ornaments from the Iron Age 6th century BC found in Hungary. Above, the Golden Deer of Zöldhalompuszta is 37 cm, making it the largest Scythian golden deer known. Below, the Golden Deer of Tapiószentmárton. (fromHistory of Hungary)
Image 55Ernö Gömbös, (r.) aide-de-camp to Ferenc Szálasi and Gyula Gömbös's son, along with a Honved officer and a member of theArrow Cross Party,in front of the Ministry of Defense, 1944. (fromHistory of Hungary)
Image 56Kingdom of Hungaryin 1190, during the rule ofBéla III(fromHistory of Hungary)

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