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Puppy Linux

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Puppy Linux
DeveloperBarry Kauler (original)
Larry Short, Mick Amadio and Puppy community (current)
OS familyLinux(Unix-like)
Working stateCurrent
Source modelPrimarilyopen source
Initial release0.1[1]/ 19 June 2003;21 years ago(2003-06-19)
Latest releaseFossaPup64
9.5[2]
NoblePup32
24.04[3]
BookwormPup64
10.0.6[4]
BookwormPup32
23.12[5]
/ September 17, 2020;4 years ago(2020-09-17)(FossaPup64)

May 4, 2024;5 months ago(2024-05-04)(NoblePup32)
March 4, 2024;7 months ago(2024-03-04)(BookwormPup64)

April 28, 2024;5 months ago(2024-04-28)(BookwormPup32)
Marketing targetLive CD, Netbooks, older systems and general use
Package managerPuppy Package Manager
Platformsx86,x86-64,ARM
KerneltypeLinux
Default
user interface		JWM /IceWM+ROX Desktop
LicenseGNU GPLand various others
Official websitepuppylinux-woof-ce.github.io

Puppy Linuxis a family oflight-weight Linux distributionsthat focus onease of use[6]and minimalmemory footprint.The entire system can be run fromrandom-access memory(RAM) with current versions generally taking up about 600 MB (64-bit), 300 MB (32-bit), allowing the boot medium to be removed after theoperating systemhas started. Applications such asAbiWord,GnumericandMPlayerare included, along with a choice of lightweight web browsers and a utility for downloading other packages. The distribution was originally developed by Barry Kauler and other members of the community, until Kauler retired in 2013.[7]The toolWoofcan build a Puppy Linux distribution from the binary packages of other Linux distributions.[8]

History

[edit]

Barry Kauler started Puppy Linux in response to a trend of other distributions becoming stricter on system requirements over time. His own distribution, with an emphasis on speed and efficiency and being lightweight, started from "Boot disk HOWTO" and gradually included components file-by-file until Puppy Linux was completed.[9][clarification needed]Puppy Linux was initially based onVector Linuxbut then became a fully independent distribution.[10]

Release versions

[edit]
Puppy Linux 4.3.0
Puppy Linux 5.0.0
Puppy Linux 5.2.8Lucid Puppy
Puppy Linux 5.3.0Slacko Puppy
Puppy Linux 5.4Slacko Puppy
Puppy Linux 5.5Slacko Puppy
Puppy Linux 5.7Slacko Puppy
Puppy Linux 6.0.5TahrPup
Puppy Linux 7.5XenialPup
Version Release date
Puppy 0.1 18 June 2003
Puppy 1.0 29 March 2005
Puppy 2.0 1 June 2006
Puppy 3.0 2 October 2007
Puppy 4.3.0 5 May 2008
Puppy 5.0.0 15 May 2010
Puppy 5.2.8 4 April 2012
Puppy 5.3.0–5.7.0 24 October 2011 – 8 March 2014
Puppy 6.0.5 26 October 2014
Puppy 6.3.2 21 June 2016
Puppy 7.5 4 December 2017
Puppy 8.0 24 March 2019
Puppy 8.2.1 1 July 2020
Puppy 9.5 21 September 2020

Puppy 0.1is the initial release of Puppy Linux. It has noUnionFS,extremely minimal persistence support, and has no package manager or ability to install applications.[11]

Puppy 1.0series runs comfortably on very dated hardware, such as a Pentium computer with at least 32 MB RAM. For newer systems, the USB key drive version might be better (although if USB device booting is not directly supported in theBIOS,the Puppy floppy boot disk can be used to kick-start it). It is possible to run Puppy Linux withWindows 9x/Me.It is also possible if the BIOS does not support booting from USB drive, to boot from the CD and keep user state on a USB key drive; this is saved on shutdown and read from the USB device on bootup.[12][13]

Puppy 2.0uses the Mozilla-based SeaMonkey as itsInternet suite(primarily aweb browserand e-mail client).[14]

Puppy 3.0features Slackware 12 compatibility.[15]This is accomplished by the inclusion of almost all the dependencies needed for the installation of Slackware packages. However, Puppy Linux is not aSlackware-based distribution.[16][17]

Puppy 4.0is built from scratch using theT2 SDE[18]and no longer features native Slackware 12 compatibility[19]in order to reduce the size and include newer package versions than those found in 3. To compensate for this, an optional "compatibility collection" of packages was created that restores some of the lost compatibility.[19][20][21][22]

Puppy 4.2.0–4.3.0feature changes to the user interface and backend, upgraded packages, language and character support, new in-house software and optimizations, while still keeping theISO imagesize under 100 MB.[23]

Puppy 5.0.0–5.7.0are based on a project called Woof,[24]which is designed to assemble a Puppy Linux distribution from the packages of other Linux distributions. Woof includes some binaries and software derived fromUbuntu,Debian,Slackware,T2 SDE,orArchrepositories. Puppy 5 came with a stripped-down version of theMidoribrowser to be used for reading help files and a choice of web browsers to be installed, includingChromium,Firefox,SeaMonkeyInternet Suite,IronandOpera.[25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36]

Puppy 6.0.5is built fromUbuntu 14.04 "Trusty Tahr"packages, has binary compatibility with Ubuntu 14.04 and access to the Ubuntu package repositories. Tahrpup is built from the woof-CE build system, forked from Barry Kauler's Woof late last year after he announced his retirement from Puppy development. It is built from the latest testing branch, incorporates all the latest woof-CE features and is released in PAE and noPAE ISOs, with the option to switch kernels.[37]

Puppy 6.3.2is built with Slackware packages instead of Ubuntu 14.04 "Trusty Tahr" packages but is very similar to its predecessor.

Puppy 7.5is built from Ubuntu 16.04 "Xenial Xerus" packages, which has binary compatibility withUbuntu 16.04and access to the Ubuntu package repositories. XenialPup is built from the woof-CE build system, forked from Barry Kauler's Woof. It is built from the latest testing branch, incorporates all the latest woof-CE features and is released in PAE and noPAE ISOs, with the option to switch kernels. It has a newUI,a new kernel update for greater hardware compatibility, redesigned Puppy Package Manager, some bugfixes and base packages inclusion into the woof structure.[38]

Puppy 8.0is built from Ubuntu "Bionic Beaver" 18.04.2 packages, has binary compatibility withUbuntu 18.04.2and access to the Ubuntu package repositories. BionicPup is built from the woof-CE build system, forked from Barry Kauler's Woof. It is built from the latest testing branch and incorporates all the latest woof-CE features.[39]

Puppy 8.2.1is built fromRaspberry Pi OSpackages, has full support for the Raspberry Pi 0 to the Raspberry Pi 4, and is relatively similar to its predecessor. Raspberry Pi OS is based on Debian, meaning that Puppy Linux still has Debian/Ubuntu support. This version of Puppy Linux is not compatible with personal computers, like desktops or laptops.[citation needed]

Puppy 9.5is built from Ubuntu "Focal Fossa" 20.04 (64-bit) packages, has binary compatibility withUbuntu 20.04and access to the Ubuntu repositories. FossaPup64 comes with JWM as the default window manager. Also, at this release, Puppy Linux's Ubuntu-based release has dropped support for 32-bit (x86) computers, due to Ubuntu dropping 32-bit support at this release before reverting its decision and supporting only select 32-bit libraries.[40]However, its Debian-based and mixed releases (i.e, BookwormPup32 and NoblePup32, respectively) continue to support 32-bit systems.[41][42]

Features

[edit]

Puppy Linux is a complete operating system bundled with a collection of applications suited to general use tasks. It can be used as arescue disk,[43]a demonstration system that leaves the previous installation unaltered, as an accommodation for a system with a blank or missing hard drive, or for using modern software on legacy computers.[44]

Puppy's compact size allows it to boot from any media that the computer can support. It can function as alive USBforflash devicesor otherUSBmediums, aCD,an internalhard disk drive,anSD card,aZip driveor LS-120/240SuperDisk,throughPXE,and through a floppyboot diskthat chainloads the data from other storage media. It has also been ported to ARM and can run on a single-board computer such as theRaspberry Pi.[45]

Puppy Linux features built-in tools which can be used to create bootable USB drives, create new Puppy CDs, or remaster a new live CD with different packages.[46][47]It also uses a sophisticated write-caching system with the purpose of extending the life of live USB flash drives.[48]

Puppy Linux includes the ability to use a normal persistent updating environment on a write-once multisession CD/DVD that does not require a rewritable disc; this is a unique feature that sets it apart from other Linux distributions.[49]While other distributions offerlive CDversions of their operating systems, none offer a similar feature.

Puppy's bootloader does not mount hard drives or connect to the network automatically. This ensures that a bug or even unknowingly incompatible software won't corrupt the contents of such devices.[50][better source needed]

Puppy Linux offers a session save on shutdown. Since Puppy Linux fundamentally runs in RAM, any files and configurations made or changed in a session would disappear otherwise. This feature enables the user to either save the contents to a writable storage medium, or write the file system to the same CD containing Puppy, if "multisession" was used to create the booted CD and if the disc drive supports burning. This applies to CD-Rs, CD-RWs, and DVDs.

It is also possible to save all files to an external hard drive, USB stick, or even a floppy disk instead of the root file system. Puppy can also be installed to a hard disk.[51]

User interface

[edit]
Desktop using one of multiple integrated themes with XMMS, a multimedia player;mtPaint,a painting program for creating pixel art and manipulating digital photos; mplayer; and an opened text file, under Puppy Linux 2.15 CE Viz (with default WM IceWM)
wNOP v0.2 on EeePC: Puppy 3.01 & Compiz-Fusion

The defaultwindow managerin most Puppy releases is JWM.[52]

Packages of theIceWMdesktop,FluxboxandEnlightenmentare also available via Puppy's PetGet package (application) management system (see below). Some derivative distributions, calledpuplets,come with default window managers other than JWM.[53]

When the operating system boots, everything in the Puppy package uncompresses into a RAM area, the "ramdisk".The PC needs to have at least 128 MB of RAM (with no more than 8 MB shared video) for all of Puppy to load into the ramdisk. However, it is possible for it to run on a PC with only about 48 MB of RAM because part of the system can be kept on the hard drive, or less effectively, left on the CD.

Puppy is fairly full-featured for a system that runs entirely in a ramdisk, when booted as Live system or from a "frugal" installation. However, Puppy also supports the "full" installation mode, which enables Puppy to run from a hard drive partition, without a ramdisk. Applications were chosen that met various constraints, size in particular. Because one of the aims of the distribution is to be extremely easy to set up, there are manywizardsthat guide the user through a wide variety of common tasks.[54][citation needed]

Package and distribution management

[edit]
Puppy Package Manager showing Slackware 14 indic fonts package

Puppy Linux's package manager,Puppy Package Manager,installs packages in PET (Puppy Enhanced Tarball) format by default but it also accepts packages from other distros (such as.deb,.rpm,.txz,and.tgzpackages) or by using third-party tools to convert packages from other distros to PET packages.Puppy Package Managercan also trim the software bloat of a package to reduce the disk space used.[55]

Building the distribution

[edit]

On earlier releases of Puppy Linux, Puppy Unleashed was used to create PuppyISO images.It consists of more than 500 packages that are put together according to the user's needs. However, on later versions starting with Puppy Linux version 5.0, it was replaced by Woof. It is an advanced tool for creating Puppy installations. It requires an Internet connection and some knowledge of Linux to use. It is able to download the binary source packages from anotherLinux distributionand process them into Puppy Linux packages by just defining the name of that Linux distro.[56]It is equipped with a simpler version control named Bones on earlier releases but on later versions of woof, Fossil version control is used.[57]

Puppy also comes with a remastering tool that takes a "snapshot" of the current system and lets the user create a live CD from it, and an additional remastering tool that is able to remove installed components.[citation needed]

Puppy Linux uses theT2 SDEbuild scripts to build the base binary packages.[citation needed]

Official variants

[edit]

Because of the relative ease with which the Woof tool and the remaster tool can be used to build variants of Puppy Linux, there are many variants available.[8][58]Variants of Puppy Linux are known aspuplets.

After Barry Kauler reduced his involvement with the Puppy Project, he designed two new distributions within the same Puppy Linux family, Quirky and Wary.

Quirky– An embedded, less-stable distro with all files contained in aninitramfsbuilt into the kernel. It has simple module loading management but fewer drivers are included.[59][60][61]It is used for experimental purposes.

Racy– A variant of puppy optimized for newer PCs.[62]

Wary– A Puppy variant targeted at users with old hardware. It uses an older Linux kernel, which has long-term support and the newest applications.[63]

Easy– A puppy variant in which the init script is completely rewritten and which uses originally developed application containers aside the conventional package management.[64]

Reception

[edit]

DistroWatchreviewer Rober Storey concluded about Puppy 5.2.5 in April 2011: "A lot of people like Puppy — it's in the top 10 of the DistroWatch page-hit ranking. I enjoy Puppy too, and it's what I run exclusively on my netbook. Maybe the only thing wrong with Puppy is that users' expectations tend to exceed the developer's intentions."[65]

In a detailed review of Puppy Linux in May 2011 Howard Fosdick of OS News addressed the fact that Puppy Linux the user runs as theroot UID,"In theory this could be a problem — but in practice it presents no downside. I've never heard of a single Puppy user suffering a problem due to this." Fosdick concluded "I like Puppy because it's the lightest Linux distro I've found that is still suitable for end users. Install it on an old P-III or P-IV computer and your family or friends will use it just as effectively for common tasks as any expensive new machine."[66]

In December 2011 Jesse Smith, writing in DistroWatch, reviewed Puppy 5.3.0Slacko Puppy.He praised its simplicity, flexibility and clear explanations, while noting the limitations of running as root. He concluded "I would also like to see an option added during the boot process which would give the user the choice of running in unprivileged mode as opposed to running as root. Always being the administrator has its advantages for convenience, but it means that the user is always one careless click away from deleting their files and one exploit away from a compromised operating system. As a live CD it's hard to beat Puppy Linux for both performance and functional software. It has minimal hardware requirements and is very flexible. It's a great distro as long as you don't push it too far out of its niche."[31]

In December 2011 Howard Fosdick reviewed the versions of Puppy Linux then available. He concluded, "Puppy's diversity and flexibility make it a great community-driven system for computer enthusiasts, hobbyists, and tinkerers. They also make for a somewhat disorderly world. You might have to read a bit to figure out which Puppy release or Puplet is for you. Puppy's online documentation is extensive but can be confusing. It's not always clear which docs pertain to which releases. Most users rely on the active, friendly forum for support." He also noted "Those of us who enjoy computers sometimes forget that many view them with disdain. What's wrong with it now? Why do I have to buy a new one every four years? Why on earth do they change the interface in every release? Can't it just work? Puppy is a great solution for these folks. It's up-to-date, free, and easy to use. And now, it supports free applications from the Ubuntu, Slackware, or Puppy repositories. Now that's user-friendly."[67]

An April 2020 review of Bionic 8.0 by Igor Ljubuncic inDedoimedoconcluded, "Puppy Linux delivered on its happy message, and even exceeded my expectations. Now, I've always been a fan, and rarely had anything bad to say, so a positive result was kind of warranted. What really amazed me was not that this is a lean and fast little distro - it's the fact it manages to keep its relevance despite the obvious lethargy in the Linux desktop space. You may say, well, why bother - but if you have older hardware or travel a lot, Puppy gives you your own, complete work session that will boot and run pretty much anywhere, with tons of goodies and excellent configuration tools."[68]

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
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  3. ^"Github Puppy Linux Releases - Browse /NoblePup32_release at SourceForge.net".sourceforge.net.May 4, 2024.RetrievedMay 5,2024.
  4. ^"Index of /kernels/data/ISO/Bookworm_Pup64".rockedge.org.April 3, 2024.RetrievedMay 5,2024.
  5. ^"Github Puppy Linux Releases - Browse /BookwormPup32_release at SourceForge.net".sourceforge.net.May 4, 2024.RetrievedMay 5,2024.
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