Qareh Khawoserre
| Qareh Khawoserre | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Qar, Qur, Qal | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
 Scarab seal with the nomenQareh | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Pharaoh | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Reign | c. 15 years, 1760 BC-1745 BC | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Predecessor | uncertain,Ya'ammu Nubwoserre | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Successor | uncertain,'Ammu Ahotepre | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Dynasty | 14th dynasty | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Qareh Khawoserrewas possibly the third king[1][2]of theCanaanite14th Dynasty of Egypt,who reigned over the eastern Nile Delta fromAvarisduring theSecond Intermediate Period.His reign is believed to have lasted about 10 years, from 1770 BC until 1760 BC[1]or later, around 1710 BC. Alternatively, Qareh could have been a later vassal of theHyksoskings of the15th Dynastyand would then be classified as a king of the16th Dynasty.
Qareh's name isWest Semiticand means "Thebaldone".Qareh's name was earlier misread asQar,Qur,andQal.[3]
Attestations
[edit]Qareh Khawoserre is attested by thirtyroyal sealsinscribed with his name, only one of which has a known provenance:JerichoinPalestine.[4]His nomenQarehis attested by 8 seals and his prenomenKhawoserreis attested by 22 seals.[5]
Identification
[edit]The EgyptologistKim Ryholtequates Qareh with the prenomenKhawoserre,which is also only attested through scarab seals. Qareh's chronological position is uncertain, with Ryholt andDarrell Bakerplacing him as the third king of the 14th Dynasty based on the style of his seals. On the other hand,Thomas SchneiderandJürgen von Beckerathsee him as a ruler of the16th Dynasty.[6]Alternatively,James Peter Allenproposes that he was an Hyksos ruler of the early15th Dynasty[7]
See also
[edit]References
[edit]
- ^abcK.S.B. Ryholt (1998). The Political Situation in Egypt During the Second Intermediate Period, C1800-1550 BC. Museum Tusculanum Press.ISBN8772894210.
- ^Darrell D. Baker: The Encyclopedia of the Pharaohs: Volume I - Predynastic to the Twentieth Dynasty 3300–1069 BC, Stacey International,ISBN978-1-905299-37-9,2008, p. 303
- ^K., Ryholt (1998). "King Qareh, a Canaanite King in Egypt during the Second Intermediate Period".Israel Exploration Journal(48): 194–200.
- ^Percy Newberry:Egyptian antiquities. Scarabs. An Introduction to the Study of Egyptian Seals and Signet Rings.Constable, London 1906, S. 150, pl. XXI, 23, 24.
- ^Ryholt, K. S. B.; Bülow-Jacobsen, Adam (1997).The Political Situation in Egypt During the Second Intermediate Period, C. 1800-1550 B.C.Museum Tusculanum Press. p. 199.ISBN978-87-7289-421-8.
- ^Thomas Schneider:Lexikon der Pharaonen.Albatros, Düsseldorf 2002,ISBN3-491-96053-3,p. 226.
- ^Daphna Ben-Tor, Susan J. Allen, James P. Allen:Seals and Kings.In:Bulletin of the American Schools of Oriental ResearchBd. 315, 1999, S. 47–74 (pdf-download).