Qasimism
Qasimism[1][2](Arabic:التيار القاسمي,romanized:at-Tayyār al-Qāsimī) is anIraqi nationalistideology based on the thoughts and policies ofAbd al-Karim Qasim,who ruledIraqfrom1958until1963.
Ideology
[edit]Qasimism opposesPan-Arabism,Pan-Iranism,Pan-Turkism,Turanism,Kurdish nationalism,and any ideology which affects the unity of Iraqi people and takes land from Iraq. The main policy of Qasimism is Iraqi nationalism, which is the unity and equality of all ethnicities in Iraq, includingArabs,Kurds,Turkmen,Assyrians,Armenians,Yazidis,andMandaeans.Abd al-Karim Qasim had many conflicts againstBa'athists,Pan-Arabists, and Kurdish separatists. In the Qasimism ideology, Iraq and Iraqis are put first and foremost. Qasimism also views Iraq's ancientMesopotamian(Sumerian,Akkadian,Babylonian,Ancient Assyrian) identities as the core of Iraq andits people,and seeks to preserve them. Qasimism is asecularideology which puts being Iraqi before anyreligion.[3][4]
Qasimism also has someirredentistinfluence due to Abd al-Karim Qasim and many Qasimists wantingKuwaitandKhuzestan provinceto be a part of Iraq. In fact, it was the Qasimists who created the belief that Kuwait and Khuzestan were rightful Iraqi lands,[5][6][7]a belief which had also influencedSaddam Hussein,who further popularised it, made it public that it was his goal, and made it his motive for theIraqi invasion of Kuwaitand theIran–Iraq War.[8]
Nationalizationandpopulismare more policies of Qasimism. Abd al-Karim Qasim was the one who overthrew theKingdom of Iraq,which was established by the British, and he became the one to establish Iraqi rule over Iraq. Under Abd al-Karim Qasim, 99% ofBritish-owned oil company landswere taken and distributed to the Iraqi civilian population.[9]
Qasimism seeks women to participate more in society and play a bigger role in the development of Iraq. This was encouraged by Abd al-Karim Qasim himself who rewrote the Iraqi constitution to guarantee more women's rights.[10]Under Qasimist rule, Iraq appointed its first woman minister,Naziha al-Dulaimi,who was actually the first woman in the entire Arab world to hold a significant role. She inspired the 1959 Civil Affairs Law, which increased women's benefits in marriages and inheritance laws.[11]
Symbols
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See also
[edit]References
[edit]- ^The Iraqi Revolution of 1958: The Old Social Classes Revisited.I.B. Tauris. 1991.ISBN9781850433187.
- ^Khadduri, Majid (1969).Republican Iraq.Oxford University Press.ISBN9780192149794.
- ^Polk (2005),p. 111
- ^Simons (1996),p. 221
- ^"Factualworld".factualworld.
- ^Marr (2004),p. 181
- ^Simons (1996),pp. 223–225
- ^"Desert Storm: 30 years on".Arab News.2021-02-27.Retrieved2023-07-20.
- ^"Iraq - REPUBLICAN IRAQ".countrystudies.us.
- ^Marr (2004),p. 172
- ^The Washington Post (November 20, 2017): "Women's rights are under threat in Iraq"By Zahra Ali.
Sources
[edit]- Marr, Phebe (2004).The Modern History of Iraq.Westview Press.ISBN9780813336152.
- Polk, William Roe (2005).Understanding Iraq.I.B. Tauris.ISBN9780857717641.
- Simons, Geoff (1996).Iraq: From Sumer to Saddam.St. Martin's Press.ISBN9780312160524.