Raichur
 | This articleneeds additional citations forverification.(January 2019) |
Raichur
Rayachoor | |
|---|---|
City | |
| Nickname: Cotton City | |
  Raichur Location inKarnataka,India  Raichur Raichur (India) | |
| Coordinates:16°12′N77°22′E/ 16.2°N 77.37°E | |
| Country |  India |
| State | Karnataka |
| District | Raichur |
| Government | |
| • Body | City Municipal Council Raichur |
| Area | |
| • City | 73.2 km2(28.3 sq mi) |
| Elevation | 407 m (1,335 ft) |
| Population (2011) | |
| • City | 232,456 |
| • Rank | 189 |
| • Density | 3,200/km2(8,200/sq mi) |
| •Metro | 251,555 |
| Demonym | Raichurians |
| Languages | |
| • Official | Kannada |
| Time zone | UTC+5:30(IST) |
| PIN | 584101-103 |
| Telephone code | 91 8532 |
| Vehicle registration | KA-36 |
| Website | www |
Raichur(formerlyRaichore[1]) is a city andmunicipalityin the district of Raichur in the IndianstateofKarnataka.Raichur, located betweenKrishnaandTungabhadrarivers, is the headquarters of Raichur district. It is located 410 km from the state capital,Bangalore.
History
[edit]Ancient History
[edit]
The recorded history of the district is traced as far back as the third century B.C.E. Three minor rockedicts of Ashokaare found in the district, one at Maski in theLingasugurtaluk and the other two near Koppal, which proves that this area was part of the dominions of theMauryan emperorAshoka.At that time, this region was under the governance of a Viceroy or Mahamatra of Ashoka. Thereafter, the district appears to have been a part of the kingdom of theSatavahanas.TheVakatakas,who reigned during the 3rd and 4th centuries CE, seems to have held sway over Raichur for some time, after which it appears to have been included in theKadambadominions. The next dynasty of importance, which ruled over this region, was that of theChalukyas of Badami.According to aninscription from Aihole,Pulakeshin IIhaving defeated thePallavas,occupied this area and made it a province in his empire under the governance of his sonAdityavarma.Later the whole of the present Raichur district was included in the dominions of theRashtrakutas,who rose to power in the eighth century, as could be gathered from the inscriptions of that period found in this district. According to an inscription fromManvitaluk, Jagattunga, a subordinate ruler under the Rashtrakuta kingKrishna-II,was ruling the province of Adedore Eradusavirapranta, i.e., the area constituting the present Raichur district.Amoghavarsha Nrupathunga I,a Rashtrakuta king, has described Koppal in his Kannada work,Kavirajamarga,as the great Kopananagara.[2]
Raichur has a rich history, having been a part of various empires, such as theBahmanis Sultanate,Vijayanagara,the Adil Shahi dynasty of Bijapur andnizam of hyderabad.The city is famous for its imposingRaichur Fort.[2]Here, stone inscriptions have been found inPersian,Urdu,andArabicwhich belonged to the bastion of the fort, referring to its construction in 1294.[3]Among the ruins of the immense fort are manyirrigation tanksand old temples. The fort was built byKakatiyaking Rudra in 1284 CE which passed on to the Vijayanagar kingdom after the decline of the Kakatiyas. Thereafter the fort was under dispute for nearly two centuries. It was captured by the Bahmanis in 1323 CE.Saluva Narasimha Deva Rayaexpressed a wish in his testament that the city of Raichur be recaptured. This had been in the mind of Krishnadevaraya since his coronation in 1509. In the year 1520 Krishnadevaraya sent Saeed Maraikar, a Muslim in his service, to Goa with a large sum of money to buy horses. Maraikar instead went to Adil Khan with the money and offered his services. Krishnadevaraya made a demand that Maraikar be returned along with the money which was duly refused. During the period of peace, Krishnadevaraya made extensive preparations for a grand attack on Raichur doab. After the court decided that Raichur should be attacked the king invited all commanders (Nayakas) in his service to take part in thebattle.
Raichur is very rich from the epigraphical point of view. It has already yielded hundreds of inscriptions, ranging from theMauryanperiod up to the end of the Muslim period. The inscriptions are in a variety of languages such asSanskrit,Prakrit,Kannada,Telugu,Arabic, and Persian and belonging to almost all the dynasties that ruled over the Deccan. The most important places from this point of view areMaski,Koppal,Kuknur,Hatti Gold Mines,Mudgal,Lingsugurand Raichur.[4]
Recent History
[edit]The District of Raichur was a part of theHyderabad Stateuntil the re-organisation of State on 1 November 1956.
Geography
[edit]Raichur is located at16°12′N77°22′E/ 16.2°N 77.37°EonDeccan plateau.[5]It has an average elevation of 407 metres (1335 ft)
The summers get really hot in this region with temperatures going beyond 40 °C. It receives rainfall during the months between May and August. Overall, the region is warm and humid during most part of the year.
Demographics
[edit]As of the 2001 Indiacensus,[6]
Hinduism is majority religion in Raichur with 57.61% followers. Islam is second most popular religion in Raichur with approximately 39.87% following it. In Raichur, Christianity is followed by 1.18%, Jainism by 0.94%, Sikhism by 0.08% and Buddhism by 0.08%. Around 0.00% stated 'Other Religion', approximately 0.29% stated 'No Particular Religion'.
Languages
[edit]Transport
[edit]Raichur is well connected by road andNational Highway 167.
Rail
[edit]Raichur railway stationis located on theMahabubnagar-Munirabad railway lineas well asSolapur-Guntakal section.
Education
[edit]- Indian Institute of Information Technology,Raichur
- Raichur University,Raichur
- University of Agricultural Sciences,Raichur
Climate
[edit]| Climate data for Raichur (1981–2010, extremes 1901–2012) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 38.4 (101.1) |
43.5 (110.3) |
45.6 (114.1) |
46.0 (114.8) |
47.6 (117.7) |
46.0 (114.8) |
40.4 (104.7) |
39.3 (102.7) |
38.4 (101.1) |
37.6 (99.7) |
37.0 (98.6) |
38.4 (101.1) |
47.6 (117.7) |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 31.1 (88.0) |
34.4 (93.9) |
38.0 (100.4) |
40.1 (104.2) |
40.4 (104.7) |
36.0 (96.8) |
33.0 (91.4) |
31.9 (89.4) |
32.4 (90.3) |
32.1 (89.8) |
31.0 (87.8) |
30.1 (86.2) |
34.2 (93.6) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | 17.0 (62.6) |
18.8 (65.8) |
21.9 (71.4) |
24.5 (76.1) |
25.0 (77.0) |
23.3 (73.9) |
22.5 (72.5) |
21.9 (71.4) |
22.1 (71.8) |
21.3 (70.3) |
18.9 (66.0) |
16.6 (61.9) |
21.2 (70.2) |
| Record low °C (°F) | 7.1 (44.8) |
11.0 (51.8) |
13.0 (55.4) |
16.1 (61.0) |
15.4 (59.7) |
16.1 (61.0) |
17.0 (62.6) |
16.3 (61.3) |
16.4 (61.5) |
13.5 (56.3) |
8.5 (47.3) |
7.3 (45.1) |
7.1 (44.8) |
| Average rainfall mm (inches) | 3.2 (0.13) |
4.0 (0.16) |
3.6 (0.14) |
17.7 (0.70) |
45.5 (1.79) |
106.2 (4.18) |
124.6 (4.91) |
128.5 (5.06) |
152.4 (6.00) |
117.7 (4.63) |
19.7 (0.78) |
5.1 (0.20) |
728.2 (28.67) |
| Average rainy days | 0.3 | 0.2 | 0.4 | 1.5 | 2.8 | 6.4 | 8.0 | 8.1 | 8.2 | 5.1 | 1.7 | 0.3 | 43.1 |
| Averagerelative humidity(%)(at 17:30IST) | 35 | 29 | 23 | 24 | 28 | 46 | 56 | 59 | 59 | 54 | 46 | 40 | 42 |
| Source:India Meteorological Department[7][8] | |||||||||||||
See also
[edit]References
[edit]- ^"Raichur District".
- ^ab"Welcome to Mera Raichur".meraraichur. Archived fromthe originalon 21 October 2006.Retrieved17 October2006.
- ^"Stone inscriptions".museums.ap.nic.in/. Archived fromthe originalon 10 April 2009.Retrieved17 October2006.
- ^Pollock, Sheldon (23 May 2006).The Language of the Gods in the World of Men: Sanskrit, Culture, and Power in Premodern India.University of California Press.ISBN9780520245006.
- ^"Maps, Weather, and Airports for Raichur, India".fallingrain.
- ^"Census of India 2001: Data from the 2001 Census, including cities, villages and towns (Provisional)".Census Commission of India. Archived fromthe originalon 16 June 2004.Retrieved1 November2008.
- ^ "Station: Raichur Climatological Table 1981–2010"(PDF).Climatological Normals 1981–2010.India Meteorological Department. January 2015. pp. 639–640. Archived fromthe original(PDF)on 5 February 2020.Retrieved19 April2020.
- ^ "Extremes of Temperature & Rainfall for Indian Stations (Up to 2012)"(PDF).India Meteorological Department. December 2016. p. M102. Archived fromthe original(PDF)on 5 February 2020.Retrieved19 April2020.
External links
[edit]
- Raichur City Official Website
- Weather in Raichur
- Zilla Panchayat of Raichur
- Raichur – A Mecca of Cultural and Historical Heritage
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