Ranquel
 | This articleneeds additional citations forverification.(December 2009) |
 A Ranquel home | |
| Regions with significant populations | |
|---|---|
 Argentina(La Pampa) | 14,860(2010)[1] |
| Languages | |
| Ranquel variety ofMapuche | |
| Religion | |
| traditional tribal religion | |
TheRanquelorRankülcheare an indigenous tribe from the northern part ofLa Pampa Province,Argentina,inSouth America.[2]WithPuelche,Pehuencheand alsoPatagonesfrom the Günün-a-Küna group origins, they were conquered by theMapuche.
Name
[edit]The nameRanquelis the Spanish name for their own name ofRankülche:rankül-cane-,che-man, people- inMapudungun;that is to say "cane-people"
History
[edit]In the late 18th and early 19th centuries, the Ranquel controlled two chiefdoms in Argentina.[2]Between 1775-1790 a group of Pehuenche advanced from the side of theAndesmountains east to the territory they calledMamül Mapu(mamül:kindling, woods;mapu:land, territory) as it was covered by dense woods ofProsopis caldenia,Prosopis nigra,andGeoffroea decorticans.They settled along theCuartoandColoradorivers, from the south of today's Argentine provinces ofSan Luis,Córdoba,to the south ofLa Pampa.
They were hunters, nomads and during a good part of the 19th century they had an alliance with theTehuelche people,with whom they traveled east into the western part of today'sBuenos Aires Provinceand southern end of Córdoba Province, and also toMendoza,San LuisandSanta Fe. In 1833Juan Manuel de Rosasled theDesert Campaign (1833–34),in which he attempted to eliminate the Ranquel. Their leader at that time wasYanquetruz,and they put up a skilled defense, making good use of the desert terrain. Yanquetruz was succeeded around 1834 by Painé Guor. Their last chief was Pincén, who was confined to the prison atMartín García island(1880).
They allied themselves with the forces of Felipe Varela during the rebellion against theParaguayan Warand the Central Government in Buenos Aires. After Pincén's capture, the Ranquels were further reduced in population during theConquest of the Desert,with their lands being occupied by the army. A reservation, theColonia Emilio Mitre,was established for them in today's La Pampa province, where their descendants lived today.
Recent developments
[edit]On 14 August 2007 the government of San Luis province returned 2,500 ha (6,178 acres) to the Ranquel people, including two small lakes, about 124 km (77 mi) south of the town of Fraga.[3][4]
Notes
[edit]- ^Censo Nacional de Población, Hogares y Viviendas 2010Archived2016-04-09 at theWayback Machine
- ^abTapia, Alicia Haydée."Archaeological Perspectives on the Ranquel Chiefdoms in the North of the Dry Pampas, in the Eighteenth and Nineteenth Centuries: Abstract."International Journal of Historical Archaeology.(retrieved 5 July 2011)
- ^(in Spanish)grupopayne.arArchived2011-05-31 at theWayback Machine
- ^(in Spanish)San Luis governmentArchived2016-06-30 at theWayback Machine
External links
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