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Regal Cinemas

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(Redirected fromRegal Theaters)
This article is about the American theater chain. For the British theater chain, seeRegal Cinemas (UK).For other uses, seeRegal Cinema (disambiguation).
Not to be confused withRegal Cinemaor the Filipino film companyRegal Entertainment, Inc..

Regal Entertainment Group
Company typeSubsidiary
Predecessors
Founded
  • August 10, 1989;35 years ago(1989-08-10)(as Regal Cinemas)
  • December 9, 2002;21 years ago(2002-12-09)(as Regal Entertainment Group)
Headquarters
Knoxville, Tennessee
,
U.S.
Number of locations
511
Key people
RevenueIncreaseUS$3,197.10 million[1](2016)
IncreaseUS$339.40 million[1](2016)
IncreaseUS$170.40 million[1](2016)
Total assetsIncreaseUS$2,645.70 million[1](2016)
Total equityIncreaseUS$839.10 million[1](2016)
Number of employees
26,047[2](2018)
ParentCineworld
SubsidiariesCinebarre
United Artists Theatres
Edwards Theatres
Websiteregmovies

Regal Cinemas(alsoRegal Entertainment Group) is an Americanmovie theaterchain headquartered inKnoxville,Tennessee.[3]A division ofCineworld,Regal operates the second-largest theater circuit in the United States, with 6,853 screens in 511 theaters as of December 31, 2021.[4]The three main theater brands operated by Regal Entertainment Group areRegal Cinemas,Edwards Theatres,andUnited Artists Theatres.

These chains retain their exterior signage, but most indoor branding (popcorn bags, policy trailers) uses the Regal Entertainment Group name and logo. Most new cinema construction uses the Regal Cinemas name. Regal has acquired several smaller chains since this merger; these, however, have been rebranded as Regal Cinemas.

On December 5, 2017, it was announced that the British theater chainCineworldwould acquire Regal for $3.6 billion,[5]making it the second largest global cinema exhibitor behindAMC.On September 7, 2022, Cineworld filed forChapter 11 bankruptcy.[6]

History

[edit]

1989–2002: Three separate chains

[edit]
A Regal Cinemas (with a built-inIMAXtheater) inNew Rochelle, New York,a suburb ofNew York City

Regal Cinemas was established in 1989 in Knoxville, Tennessee, with Mike Campbell as CEO. Its first location was the Searstown Cinema in Titusville, Florida.[7]Regal began to grow at a rapid pace, opening larger cinemas in suburban areas. Many of these contained a "premium" café (later called Cafe Del Moro) and a more upscale look than typical theaters of the time.[8][9]

Regal Cinemas embarked on a large-scale expansion throughout the decade, acquiring smaller chains as well as building new, more modern multiplexes. Its largest acquisition during this original period was the 1998 combination of it andAct III Theatres,although it had acquired some smaller chains as well in the mid-1990s, including the originalCobb Theatres,RC Theatres, andCleveland-based National Theatre Corp.[citation needed]

By 2001, Regal was overextended, and went intoChapter 11bankruptcy. It became the namesake for the theater chain in which it would be merged into with the Edwards and United Artists chains.[10][11]

The chain's famous "Regal Roller Coaster" policy trailer,[12]animated by SmithGroup Communications[citation needed],which was shown before every movie shown from the early 1990s to the spring of 2005, was revived in 2010 and the current version was made in 2015, which was animated by The Tombras Group.[13]

United Artists Theatres

United Artists Theatres (established in 1924) has its roots in themovie studio of the same namefounded byDouglas Fairbanks,Mary Pickford,Charlie Chaplin,andD. W. Griffith,but legally has always been separate from it.Joseph Schenckwas brought in to become UA's president in 1924; as part of the deal, Schenck entered into a partnership with Chaplin and Pickford to buy and construct theatres using UA's name. Over time, the chain became separate from the studio and by the 1970s was part of a larger company, United Artists Communications.[citation needed]

United Artists Theatres was purchased in the late 1940s by theNaify Brothers,who owned theatres in theSan Francisco Bay Area.Their company up to this time was called Golden State Theatres. About this time they also acquired the San Francisco Theatres owned by Samuel H Levin. These theatres were the Balboa, Alexandria, Coliseum, Vogue, Metro, the Harding, and Coronet, which was opened in 1949. In 1988 UA bought the Philadelphia-based Sameric chain of about 30 locations in PA, NJ, and DE. The UA Theatres main office was in San Francisco until 1988 when it was sold to TCI. Thereafter, it was relocated to Englewood, CO.[citation needed]

UA was an early pioneer incable television,and aggressively bought smaller regional systems. By the end of the 1980s,John Malone'sTele-Communications, Inc.was majority owner; on June 8, 1991, it purchased the remainder of the company. Then on February 19, 1992, TCI sold the theatre chain in aleveraged buyoutled by Merrill Lynch Capital Partners Inc and UA management.[14]

Edwards Theatres
The Edwards Theatres Grand Palace 24 inHouston

Edwards Theatreswas a family-owned chain inCalifornia,started in 1930 by William James Edwards Jr. It became one of California's best-known and most popular theater chains, and by Edwards' death in 1997, operated about 90 locations with 560 screens.[15]Edwards Theatres had its headquarters inNewport Beach,California.[16]His son, W. James Edwards III, became president and announced an ambitious expansion plan that would nearly double the company's screen count. The expansion plan gave Edwards a crushing debt load, and in 2000 it filed for bankruptcy.[17]

2002–2017: Anschutz consolidation

[edit]
The Regal Cinemas 14 inShort Pump, Virginia

When all three chains went into bankruptcy, investorPhilip Anschutzbought substantial investments in all three companies, becoming majority owner.[18]In 2002, Anschutz consolidated his three theatre holdings under a new parent company, Regal Entertainment Group.[19]Regal's Mike Campbell and UA's Kurt Hall were named co-CEOs, with Campbell overseeing the theatre operations from Regal Cinemas' headquarters in Knoxville, and Kurt Hall heading up a new subsidiary,Regal CineMedia,from the UA offices inCentennial, Colorado.The Edwards corporate offices were closed.

Regal and United Artists had attempted to merge before in 1998, using a similar method. Investment firmsKohlberg Kravis RobertsandHicks, Muse, Tate & Furstannounced plans to acquire Regal, then merge it with UA (which would be bought by Hicks, Muse) and Act III (controlled by KKR), with the new company using the Regal Cinemas name. UA eventually dropped out of the merger, but the merger between Regal and Act III went through.

As Regal consolidated the three chains, CineMedia began work on a new digital distribution system to provide a new "preshow," replacing the slides and film advertisements with digital content.NBCandTurner Broadcastingwere among the first to sign on to provide content for the venture, and the preshow, dubbed "The 2wenty," debuted in February 2003; this pre-film preshow is now known as "Regal FirstLook." The new distribution system was also meant to be used for special events such as concerts. Regal CineMedia merged withAMC Theatres' National Cinema Network in 2005 to formNational CineMedia.In effect, this was a takeover of NCN by Regal CineMedia, as Kurt Hall stayed on as CEO and AMC adopted Regal's preshow. Regal owned 50% of the new company before it went public.

The Regal Cinemas atThe Shops at Nanuetshopping mall inNanuet, New York

Since the 2002 formation of REG, it has acquired several smaller chains. It took over the US assets ofHoyts Cinemasin March 2003[20][21]and announced the acquisition ofSan Ramon, California–basedSignature Theatresin April 2004.[22]Unlike the merger with UA and Edwards, Regal has rebranded all of these theatres as Regal Cinemas. In April 2005, Eastern Federal, which was a theatre company in the SoutheasternUnited States,was acquired by Regal.[23]In February 2013, Regal agreed to purchase Hollywood Theaters, a nationwide chain of 46 theaters that operated from Portland, Oregon. The sale was closed on April 1, 2013.[24]In May 2017 Regal purchased the $200 million companyWarren Theatersbased inWichita,Kansas.The sale included all Warren Theater locations in Wichita KS as well as those in Moore and Broken Arrow OK. The theaters will continue operation under the Warren name.[25]

In 2007, REG opened its first all-digital projection theatre inHenderson, Nevada(a suburb ofLas Vegas), the Fiesta Henderson Stadium 12. Regal soldFandangoto leading cable companyComcast Corporationin 2007.

Regal Entertainment Group completed its acquisition ofConsolidated Theatreson May 1, 2008.[26]In the transaction, Regal acquired Consolidated's 28 theaters and 400 screens for $210 million. Consolidated's concentrations of theatres in the Mid-Atlantic states of Maryland, Virginia, Tennessee, Georgia and North and South Carolina overlapped in some places with Regal's. As of a condition of approval of the merger, theUnited States Department of Justicerequired that Regal divest itself of several theaters in areas where it would have a monopoly. Regal agreed to sell off four theaters in theAsheville,CharlotteandRaleigh, North Carolinamarkets, but a large number of theaters still remains in all three markets.

On May 17, 2009, Regal signed a deal withSony Corporationto equip all of its theaters with Sony4Kdigital projection over the next three to five years.[27]

In April 2010, Regal launched Regal Premium Experience (RPX), an upgraded theater format. Each RPX theater features a 60-foot screen, dual 30,000lumendigital projectors, a 7.1 sound system, aDolby Atmossound system or an Auro 11.1 sound system with 273 loudspeaker components including eight 21 inchsubwoofers.There are reclining leather seats with headrests. Both digital 2D andRealD 3Dfilms can be screened.[28]As of January 2016, there are 87 operating RPX locations.[29]

In June 2011, after posting a loss for the first quarter, Regal began downsizing its theater workforce by removing managers from projection and replacing them with lower paid floor staff. This move allowed Regal to lay off part-time managers across the country and forcibly demote many full-time managers to part-time. As theaters converted to all digital automated screens, Regal also removed projectionists altogether. This focus on "cost control" helped the company post better than expected profits for the 3rd quarter of that year.[30]

In March 2014,AEGand Regal announced an agreement to add4DX—a4D filmformat—to its location atL.A. Live.[31]As of 2018, it operated six 4DX screens nationwide, with plans to expand to at least 79.[32]

A Cinebarre, a subsidiary of Regal Cinemas, inSalem, Oregon

In December 2015, Regal took over managing operations of Cinebarre, a former joint venture between Regal Entertainment Group and Terrell Braly. These locations feature a full bar and made-from-scratch restaurant menu, allowing patrons to order before/during a movie and have the food delivered directly to their seats. As of August 2024, there are four Cinebarre locations operating within the United States.[33][34]

In January 2016, Regal was issued a temporary injunction by a district court in the state of Texas following complaints by theHouston-based cinema chain iPic Entertainment, which found that Regal hadcolludedwith 20th Century Fox, Sony, and Universal by threatening boycotts of their releases if they did not refuse clearance of their films to smaller cinema chain locations (such as iPic).[35]

In 2017, Regal purchasedWichita,Kansas–basedWarren Theatres.[36]

2018–present: Acquisition by Cineworld

[edit]

In November 2017, Regal began merger talks with the UK theater chainCineworld.[37]On December 5, it was officially announced that Cineworld would buy Regal for $3.6 billion, forming the world's second-largest cinema group.[5]

Regal adopted a new logo in October 2018, featuring an emblem resembling a cameraapertureand crown. In recognition of the company's Knoxville heritage, Regal adopted orange as a corporate color in reference to theTennessee Volunteers.[38]

In July 2019, Regal announced a new movie ticket subscription service known as Regal Unlimited. This service allows users to see an unlimited number of movies and receive a 10% discount on concessions, although there is an additional surcharge for premium movie formats. The service is modeled upon a similar program employed by Cineworld.[39]

On January 7, 2020, in alignment with existing agreements with Cineworld, it was announced thatPepsiCowould replaceThe Coca-Cola Companyas the exclusive supplier of non-alcoholic beverages to all Regal cinemas, notably breaking a monopoly held by Coke among the top three cinema chains in the United States, which also includesAMC TheatresandCinemark Theatres.Pepsi also became the "exclusive sponsor" of Regal's 4DX screens.[40]

COVID-19 pandemic

[edit]
Regal'sUnion Squarelocation in October 2020, displaying a message on its marquee protesting continued closures of cinemas in the state of New York; "48 states have reopened theatres safely. Why not New York, Governor Cuomo?"[41][42]

On March 16, 2020, Regal Cinemas closed all 543 of its theaters in the United States indefinitely due to theCOVID-19 pandemic,becoming the first theater chain in the United States to close all its theater locations as a result of the pandemic.[43] Regal Cinemas started reopening most of its theaters on August 21, 2020, with a few delayed until August 28 and others closed indefinitely due to local restrictions or having already been planned to close prior to the pandemic.[44]

On October 5, 2020, Cineworld announced it would close most Regal, and all Cineworld, andPicturehouse Cinemaslocations in the US, UK, and Ireland indefinitely, beginning October 8. CEOMooky Greidingerspecifically cited that the continued reluctance ofNew Yorkto allow cinemas to open was the main factor, as well as the lack oftentpoleHollywood films due to the high cost of operating a cinema without new releases (describing the delay of theJames Bond filmNo Time to Diefrom November to April 2021 as being the "last straw" ). Mooky argued that the studios were holding off on new releases until New York cinemas reopen (accusing GovernorAndrew Cuomoof being inflexible, despite having allowed other forms of indoor businesses to resume operations), and that the company only planned to reopen its cinemas once it is confident there is a "clear" and "solid" lineup of new releases.[45][46][47]

The closures initially excluded seven recently opened locations in California,[48]and 11 New York state locations (after it began to allow cinemas outside of New York City to reopen on October 23 at 25% capacity if specific health metrics are met).[41]However, on November 9, Regal announced that these locations would close until further notice effective November 12.[49]

On March 23, 2021, Cineworld announced that in light of theaters in New York City and Los Angeles being given the go-ahead to reopen theaters earlier in the month, they would begin reopening select Regal locations on April 2, in time for the release ofGodzilla vs. Kong,with the company aiming to have most Regal locations reopened by April 16, in time for the release ofMortal Kombat,which was pushed back a week to April 23. The wide reopening was pushed back to May 7, with all but 13 open by May 28.[50][51]Cineworld reached agreements with Disney, Universal, and Warner Bros. to commit to theatrical windows.[50][51]

On June 19, 2021, Regal Cinemas acquired the lease of the formerArclight Cinemasat theSherman Oaks Galleriain Los Angeles, with plans for a $10 million remodel that would include premium large format,4DX,IMAX,andScreenXscreens.[52][53][54]In January 2023, however, it was announced that the theater would close on February 15 unless the lease was renegotiated, but it continued to operate after the date had passed.[55][56]In May 2023, Regal announced that they had reached a new lease agreement with the galleria to continue operating the theater.[57]

In April 2023, it was announced that Regal had acquired the lease to the former ArcLight theater atThe PaseoinPasadena, California.[58][59]The location reopened as part of the Regal chain in June of that year.[60]

Cineworld bankruptcy

[edit]

In August 2022, theWall Street Journalreported that Cineworld would file forbankruptcyafter struggling to rebuild attendance and incurring debts of more than $4.8 billion amid the pandemic.[61]Cineworld confirmed that Regal Cinemas would remain in operation while Cineworld would evaluate their financial strategies.[62]On September 7, 2022, Cineworld announced that it had filed forChapter 11 bankruptcy.Cineworld plans to emerge from Chapter 11 in the first quarter of 2023, and planned to pursue "a real estate optimisation strategy", including the closure or sale of theaters and other discussions with landlords on its cinema lease terms with Regal.[6]

On September 28, 2022,The Wall Street Journalreported that Canadian exhibitorCineplexwas exploring the possibility of merging with Regal;[63][64]Cineworld had attempted to acquire Cineplex in 2020, but was forced to pay US$1 billion in damages for breach of contract after backing out of the deal.[65]Cineworld was denied an appeal by theOntario Superior Court of Justice,which had ruled in favor of Cineplex in the associated legal dispute.[63]In May 2023, Cineworld said that its emergence from Chapter 11 bankruptcy is expected to happen in July of that year.[66][67]

Premium theaters

[edit]
  • RealD 3D:A stereoscopic partner of Regal that shows movies in 3D.
  • Regal Premium Experience (RPX):Regal'spremium large format.[68]RPX provides Dolby Atmos sound, ButtKicker motion seats, and 4K laser projection on a maximized screen.[69]
  • IMAX:Regal operates at least 94 IMAX locations in theUnited States.
  • 4DX:Created byCGV's CJ 4DPLEX, 4DX utilizes motion-enhanced seats that sync with the film's actions, accompanied by environmental special effects such as wind, strobe lights, water, air blasts, leg ticklers, vibrations, rainstorm, smoke, and scent. It opened its first theater at theL.A. Livetheater in 2014 and has 32 theaters as of May 2021.[70]
  • ScreenX:A movie theater that presents films with two additional screens on walls for a 270-degree view. Created byCJ CGVand has 34 theaters as of May 2021.

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
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  2. ^"Regal Entertainment Group".Fortune.Archived fromthe originalon March 31, 2019.RetrievedMarch 3,2019.
  3. ^"Privacy Policy."Regal Entertainment Group. Updated on April 9, 2018. Retrieved on July 28, 2010." Regal Cinemas, Inc. 101 E. Blount Avenue, Knoxville, TN 37920. "
  4. ^Group, Regal Entertainment."About Our Company".Regal Cinemas.RetrievedFebruary 7,2021.{{cite web}}:|last=has generic name (help)
  5. ^ab"Cineworld to buy Regal cinemas in blockbuster deal".BBC News. 5 December 2017.Retrieved5 December2017.
  6. ^abGoldsmith, Jill; Tartaglione, Nancy (September 7, 2022)."Regal Parent Cineworld Files For Bankruptcy".Deadline.
  7. ^"The Birth of Regal Cinemas".RetrievedOctober 4,2020.
  8. ^"How to get $4 movie tickets for National Cinema Day".ABC News.RetrievedFebruary 28,2024.
  9. ^"Curtains are Set to Close on the Ithaca Mall Regal Cinema - The Cornell Daily Sun".cornellsun.RetrievedFebruary 28,2024.
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  11. ^Roundup, A. Wall Street Journal Online News (September 6, 2001)."Regal Cinemas Files for Chapter 11, Joining Several Other Theater Chains".The Wall Street Journal.ISSN0099-9660.RetrievedOctober 15,2021.
  12. ^Oregonian/OregonLive, Kristi Turnquist | The (May 25, 2016)."Portland native who created Regal's pre-movie 'roller coaster' video has died".oregonlive.RetrievedFebruary 28,2024.
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  14. ^"Theaters to be sold: Tele-Communications Inc. said..."Chicago Tribune. February 19, 1992.
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  16. ^"Contact Us."Edwards Cinemas. May 10, 2000. Retrieved on February 2, 2011." Our corporate offices are located at: 300 Newport Center Dr. Newport Beach CA. 92660. "
  17. ^Earnest, Leslie; Ballon, Marc (August 24, 2000)."Edwards Theatres Files for Chapter 11 Protection".Los Angeles Times.ISSN0458-3035.RetrievedJanuary 28,2019.
  18. ^Moore, Paula (May 9, 2002)."Anschutz's Regal Entertainment IPO raises $342M".Denver Business Journal.RetrievedApril 25,2019.
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  29. ^Regal Entertainment Group."RPX®".Regal Cinemas.
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  32. ^N'Duka, Amanda (April 23, 2018)."CJ 4DPLEX & Cineworld Group Expand Pact To Boost Number Of 4DX Theaters – CinemaCon".Deadline.RetrievedDecember 6,2019.
  33. ^https:// dailycamera /2024/06/04/cu-boulder-purchases-10-million-former-movie-theater-in-louisville/
  34. ^https:// regmovies /food-and-drink/dine-in-theatres
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  40. ^Lang, Brent (January 8, 2020)."Regal Cinemas Switching to Pepsi for Non-Alcoholic Beverages (EXCLUSIVE)".Variety.RetrievedJanuary 10,2020.
  41. ^abD'Alessandro, Anthony (October 21, 2020)."Regal Cinemas Reopening In New York Following Gov. Cuomo's OK For Movie Theaters".Deadline.RetrievedOctober 21,2020.
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  43. ^McClintock, Pamela; Hayden, Erik (March 16, 2020)."Regal to Close All U.S. Theaters Indefinitely Amid Coronavirus Pandemic".The Hollywood Reporter.RetrievedMarch 16,2020.
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  45. ^Kanter, Jake (October 5, 2020)."Cineworld Confirms" Temporary Suspension "Of Theatres In U.S. & UK From Thursday".Deadline.RetrievedOctober 5,2020.
  46. ^Tartaglione, Nancy (October 5, 2020)."Cineworld Boss Mooky Greidinger Says Decision To Close U.S. & UK Cinemas Was Spurred By NY Governor Andrew Cuomo's" Inflexibility "".Deadline.RetrievedOctober 5,2020.
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  54. ^Tartaglione, Nancy (July 15, 2021)."Cineworld Boss Mooky Greidinger Says 'Black Widow' Could Have Opened To $110M+ In U.S. Without Day-And-Date Streaming:" The Way To Generate Maximum Income On A Movie Is With A Window "".Deadline Hollywood.RetrievedSeptember 19,2021.
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  63. ^abScurria, Alexander Saeedy, Alexander Gladstone and Andrew (September 28, 2022)."Cineplex Seeks to Revive Regal Merger After Cineworld Bankruptcy".Wall Street Journal.ISSN0099-9660.RetrievedSeptember 28,2022.{{cite news}}:CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
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  66. ^Szalai, Georg (May 25, 2023)."Cineworld Now Expects to Emerge From Bankruptcy in July".The Hollywood Reporter.RetrievedJune 7,2023.
  67. ^Vlessing, Etan (February 28, 2024)."Regal Cinemas' Post-Bankruptcy Plan Revealed By CEO".The Hollywood Reporter.RetrievedFebruary 28,2024.
  68. ^"Going Big: More and more circuits invest in Premium Large Format brands".Film Journal International.RetrievedOctober 1,2022.
  69. ^"RPX - Immersive Audio & Visual".Regal.RetrievedApril 19,2024.
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