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Reid Hoffman

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Reid Hoffman
Hoffman in 2022
Born
Reid Garrett Hoffman

(1967-08-05)August 5, 1967(age 57)
Palo Alto, California,U.S.
EducationStanford University(BS)
Wolfson College, Oxford(MSt)
Occupation(s)Executive Chairman,LinkedIn
VC Partner atGreylock
Board member atMicrosoft
Spouse
Michelle Yee
​
(m.2004)​
Websitereidhoffman.org

Reid Garrett Hoffman(born August 5, 1967) is an Americaninternet entrepreneur,venture capitalist,podcaster, and author. Hoffman is the co-founder and executive chairman ofLinkedIn,a business-orientedsocial networkused primarily for professional networking. He is also chairman of venture capital firm Village Global and a co-founder ofInflection AI.[1][2][3]

Hoffman has been an influential figure in political circles, being a member of theBilderberg Groupsince at least 2011 and theCouncil on Foreign Relationssince 2015. He has actively participated in political funding and advocacy, contributing to various campaigns and organizations, and has been a vocal proponent of democratic institutions and voting rights.

Early life and education

[edit]

Hoffman was an avidtable-top role-playing gameras a child[4]and worked as an editor at the game companyChaosium,then based inOakland, Californianear his home.[5]

Hoffman attended high school at theprogressivePutney SchoolinVermont,[6]where he engaged in farming activities.[7]He graduated fromStanford Universityin 1990 with aBachelor of ScienceinSymbolic SystemsandCognitive Science.[8]He was awarded aMarshall Scholarshipfor graduate study abroad,[9]and he earned aMaster of Studies(MSt) in philosophy fromWolfson College, Oxford,in 1993.[10]

His paternal great-great-great-grandfather wasTheophilus Adam Wylie,aChristian Presbyterianminister andIndiana Universitypresident pro tempore.[11][12][13]Hoffman's uncle, Eric Hoffman, is a writer.[14][15]

Career

[edit]

Early years

[edit]

Hoffman joinedApple Computerin 1994, where he worked oneWorld,an early attempt at building an online service.AOLacquired eWorld in 1996.[16]He later worked atFujitsubefore co-founding his first company, SocialNet, in 1997. It focused "on online dating and matching up people with similar interests, like golfers who were looking for partners in their neighborhood."[17]

PayPal

[edit]

While at SocialNet, Hoffman was a member of the board of directors during the founding ofPayPal.[18]In January 2000, he left SocialNet and joined PayPal full-time as the company's COO.[17][19]

LinkedIn

[edit]
Hoffman speaks at an event in 2008.

Hoffman co-foundedLinkedInin December 2002 with two former colleagues from SocialNet (including Allen Blue) and one former colleague from his time at Fujitsu.[7][20]LinkedIn launched on May 5, 2003 as one of the first business-oriented online social networks.[21]Peter Thiel,a colleague of Hoffman's at PayPal, invested in LinkedIn. At the time of LinkedIn'sIPOon May 19, 2011, Hoffman owned a stake worth an estimated $2.34 billion, not including any potential benefits fromGreylock Partners,where he was named a partner in 2009.[22]

Microsoftproposed to acquire LinkedIn on June 13, 2016 for $26.2 billion in cash.[23]Hoffman became a Microsoft board member on March 14, 2017.[24]

Artificial Intelligence ventures

[edit]

Hoffman was a founding investor in theartificial intelligenceresearch companyOpenAI[25]and joined its board in 2018.[26]

In March 2022, it was announced that Hoffman was co-founding a new startup,Inflection AI,with his long-time friend and Greylock colleagueMustafa Suleyman,the co-founder ofDeepMind.CNBCreported that "Headquartered in Silicon Valley, Inflection will aim to develop AI software products that make it easier for humans to communicate with computers."[1]

In late 2022, Hoffman and others invested a total of $2.2 million in JusticeText. “[G]eared towards public defenders,” the platform “stores, catalogs, analyzes and then shares video evidence, hoping to increase transparency around criminal matters.”[27]

On March 3, 2023, Hoffman resigned from his board seat at OpenAI, citing a desire to avoid conflicts of interest between his board seat at OpenAI, investments in AI technology companies via Greylock Partners, and role as founder of Inflection AI.[28]

As of May 2023, Hoffman and Greylock Partners have invested in at least 37 AI companies.[29]For example, they were an early investor in Tome, makers of productivity software driven by AI. The company claims it is the fastest productivity software maker in reaching 1 million users.[30]

Hoffman has dismissed calls to “pause” the development of advanced AI systems, calling such ideas “foolish” and “anti-humanist.” Instead, he has called for the pace of development to be accelerated to help humans solve societal problems.[31]For example, he’s pointed to “its potential to transform areas like health care — “giving everyone a medical assistant”; and education — “giving everyone a tutor….I’m a tech optimist, not a tech utopian.”[32]

Inc.dubbed Hoffman the “evangelist in chief” for Inflection AI and AI in general, citing his meetings with the likes of President Biden and the Pope to discuss his vision and concerns around AI.[33][34]

In April of 2024, Hoffman “sat down” for an interview with an AI deepfake of himself. “In their conversation, the two Reids discussed AI regulation, its capabilities, and ways Hoffman can improve his LinkedIn profile.” According to Hoffman, the bot was “built onOpenAI's GPT-4 and trained on over 20 years' worth of material provided by Hoffman's public speaking engagements and the books he's published.”[35]

Investing

[edit]

After the PayPal sale toeBay,Hoffman became one of Silicon Valley's most prolificangel investors.[36]Dave Goldberg,former CEO ofSurveyMonkey,said that Hoffman "is the person you want to talk to when you are starting a company."[16]In 2009, Hoffman joinedGreylock Partners.[37]

According to David Kirkpatrick's bookThe Facebook Effect,Hoffman arranged the first meeting betweenMark ZuckerbergandPeter Thiel,which led to Thiel's initial $500,000 angel investment inFacebook.Hoffman invested alongside Thiel in Facebook's first financing round.[38][39]

Since 2009, Hoffman has providedventure capitalto dozens of businesses across industries, including consumer and transportation technology, finance, and artificial intelligence. Examples includeAirbnb,Aurora Innovation,Taptap Send, andHelion Energy.[40][41][42]

He served onZynga's board of directors from March 2008 to June 2014[43]and currently serves on several public boards, including Aurora,Joby Aviation,and Microsoft.[44][45][46]

Hoffman has made multiple investments in transportation technology companies, including Aurora, Convoy, Nauto, Nuro, and Joby Aviation, among others.[47][48]

An early advocate forcryptocurrency,[49]Hoffman led Greylock's 2014 Series A financing round in Xapo, a company that developed abitcoin walletproduct.[50]

In August 2023, Hoffman said he will not serve as a general partner for Greylock's upcoming funds.[51]

Hoffman has invested inCalifornia Forever,a company developing a planned city inSolano County, California.[52]

Teaching

[edit]

Hoffman teaches the freeStanford Universityclass, "Blitzscaling".[53][54]

Publications

[edit]

The Start-Up of You

[edit]

Hoffman is co-author, withBen Casnocha,of the career bookThe Start-Up of You: Adapt to the Future, Invest in Yourself, and Transform your Career.[7]

The book was released in the United States on February 14, 2012. It argues that individuals should think of themselves as businesses-of-one – the "CEO of their own career" – and draws many parallels between lessons learned from the stories of successful Silicon Valley technology companies and an individual's career.[55]

Publishers Weeklyreviewed the book positively, saying, "with plenty of valuable guidance relevant to any career stage, this book will help readers not only survive professionally in times of uncertainty but stand out from the pack and flourish."[56]The Economist said that "Hoffman and Casnocha make a number of astute observations about shifts in the world of work."[57]

The book became both aNew York TimesandWall Street Journalbestseller.[58][59]

The Alliance

[edit]

Hoffman is co-author, withBen Casnochaand Chris Yeh, of the management bookThe Alliance: Managing Talent in the Networked Age.[60]

The book was released in the United States on July 8, 2014. It argues that previous career models of lifetime employment and free agency no longer work in a business world defined by continuous change. Instead, it proposes that employers and employees should think of each other as "allies" and move from a transactional approach to employment to a "relational" one.[61]

The book became aNew York Timesbestseller.[62]Arianna HuffingtonnamedThe Alliance"the must-read book of the summer" in 2014.[63]AFinancial Timesreview was mixed, noting that those who aren't well-versed on the changing nature of the workplace may find the book useful, but readers looking for more surprising or in-depth insights will be disappointed.[64]

Blitzscaling

[edit]

Hoffman is co-author, with Chris Yeh, of the bookBlitzscaling: The Lightning-Fast Path to Building Massively Valuable Companies.[65]The book was released in the United States on October 9, 2018. It argues that the secret to starting and scaling massively valuable companies is "blitzscaling", a set of techniques for "scaling up at a dizzying pace that blows competitors out of the water."[66]

Impromptu: Amplifying Our Humanity Through AI

[edit]

On March 13, 2023, Hoffman released the book "Impromptu: Amplifying Our Humanity Through AI." Hoffman claims to have written the book using thelarge language modelGPT-4.[67]It became a Wall Street Journal bestseller in April of that year.[68]

Podcasts

[edit]

On April 25, 2017, Reid Hoffman announced the launch of a business and finance podcast calledMasters of Scale,with the first episode of the podcast launching on May 3, 2017.The podcast is produced by WaitWhat, a media company led by formerTEDexecutivesJune Cohenand Deron Triff and hosted by Hoffman who interviews notable entrepreneurs and business and political leaders.[69]The Masters of Scale podcast has featured interviews with well-known founders and leaders includingAirbnbco-founder and CEOBrian Chesky,Netflixco-founderReed Hastings,UberCEODara Khosrowshahi,Huffington Post&Thrive GlobalfounderArianna Huffington,Imagine Entertainmentfounders,Brian Grazer&Ron Howard,Ariel Investmentsco-CEOMellody Hobson,and PresidentBarack Obama. Since its launch,Masters of Scalehas won severalWebbyand Signal awards.[70][71][72]

In March 2023, Hoffman and his Chief of StaffAria Fingerbegan hosting a podcast called "Possible". According to its creators, the podcast "sketches out the brightest version of the future—and what it will take to get there". The podcast has won two Webby awards. In 2024, the episode featuring Trevor Noah won best Individual Episode and the episode featuring Bryan Stevenson won best Crime and Justice episode.[73][74]

Honors and awards

[edit]
  • In September 2023, Reid receivedSigillum MagnumfromUniversity of Bolognaduring theBologna Business School's commencement.[75]
  • In 2022, Reid delivered the commencement address atVanderbilt Universityand received Vanderbilt's Nichols-Chancellor's Medal.[76][77][78]
  • In 2017 he was appointed an HonoraryCommander of the Order of the British Empire(CBE), "For services to promoting UK business and social networking and the Marshall Scholarship scheme".[79]
  • In September 2014, theAmerican Academy of Achievementawarded Hoffman with the annual Golden Plate award, which honors accomplished individuals "for significant achievement in their fields."[80]
  • In April 2014,PresidentBarack Obamanamed Hoffman as a Presidential Ambassador for Global Entrepreneurship "to help develop the next generation of entrepreneurs."[81]
  • In April 2014, Hoffman received the Distinguished Citizen Award from theCommonwealth Club of California.[82]
  • In May 2012, Hoffman was ranked third on theForbesMidas Listof the top tech investors.[83]Forbesdescribed Hoffman as "Silicon Valley's uber-investor" and said Hoffman "has had a hand in creating nearly every lucrative social media startup."[83]
  • In 2012,The Martin Luther King Jr. Centerhonored Hoffman with their "Salute to Greatness" award which "recognizes individuals and corporations or organizations that exemplify excellence in leadership and a commitment to social responsibility in the spirit of Martin Luther King, Jr."[84]
  • In 2012, Hoffman, along withSalman KhanofKhan Academy,was honored by theWorld Affairs CouncilandGlobal Philanthropy Forumin 2012. The council recognizes and honors remarkable leaders who have effected and will continue to effect social change through their private enterprise and social action. The awards in 2012 were dedicated to celebrating Technology for Social Impact.[85]
  • Hoffman was awarded the 2012 David Packard Medal of Achievement Award byTechAmericafor his contributions and advances within the high-tech industry, his community, and humankind.[86]
  • Hoffman received an Honorary Doctor of Laws fromBabson Collegein 2012.[87]
  • In 2011, Hoffman andJeff Weinerof LinkedIn shared theEYU.S. Entrepreneur of the Year Award.[88]

Personal life

[edit]

In 2004, Hoffman married Michelle Yee.[89]The couple resides inSeattle, Washington.Hoffman is an avid player of board games, includingSettlers of Catan,and has said that such games are good training for business.[90]

In 2019, it was reported that Hoffman had hosted dinner attended byJeffrey Epsteinalong withElon MuskandMark Zuckerberg.[91][92]In September 2023, theWall Street Journalreported that Hoffman visited Epstein's private island for a weekend in 2014. Hoffman claimed that the purpose of the meeting was to raise funds for the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and that he regretted interacting with Epstein.[93]

In July 2024, theWashington Postreported that Hoffman had made a multimillion-dollar investment in the election technology companySmartmaticwhich is currently undertaking defamation action against several press outlets.[94]

Philanthropy

[edit]

Hoffman currently serves on the boards ofKiva.org(peer-to-peermicrolendingpioneer that allows people to lend money via the internet to low-income/underserved entrepreneurs and students),[95]Endeavor Global(an organization that finds and supports high-impact entrepreneurs in emerging markets),[96]andNew America(a think tank that focuses on a range ofpublic policyissues, including national security, technology, health, gender, education, and the economy).[97]He's also the founding donor and board member at Opportunity@Work, an organization that seeks to eliminate the opportunity gap and provide millions of highly skilled but under-credentialed Americans (often from marginalized, rural and racially diverse backgrounds) better pathways to higher-paying jobs and careers.[98]

Hoffman also serves on the advisory council of theMIT Media Laband is a supporter and chair of the advisory board forQuestBridge(a provider of talented low-income students to top colleges/universities).[99]Hoffman was also the first major funder ofCrisis Text Line,a free, 24/7 crisis service via SMS in the US.In 2013, Hoffman provided a $250,000 matching grant (equivalent to $322,500 in 2023) toCode for America.In July 2016, Hoffman funded the $250,000 cash-prize (equivalent to $311,200 in 2023)MIT Media LabMIT Disobedience Award,[100]an award created by Hoffman andJoi Itoto honor and recognize acts of disobedience resulting in positive social impact.[101]In November 2016, Hoffman and his wife, Michelle Yee, donated $20 million (equivalent to $24,900,000 in 2023) to theChan Zuckerberg Initiative,a charity dedicated to eradicating disease by 2100.[102]Hoffman and Yee's donation was for theBiohub,the Initiative's San Francisco laboratory. Hoffman also joined the board of the Biohub project.[103]In May 2018, Hoffman and Yee joinedthe Giving Pledge,"a global effort to help address society's most pressing problems by encouraging the wealthiest individuals and families to give the majority of their wealth to philanthropic causes."[104]

Hoffman is also a long-time supporter ofSecond Harvest of Silicon Valley.In 2021, in response to the massive increased need due to the pandemic, he offered to match any donations to the food bank, up to $2 million (equivalent to $2,219,000 in 2023).[105]

Artificial Intelligence

[edit]

Hoffman is one of the backers of the Ethics and Governance of Artificial Intelligence Fund, a joint venture between the MIT Media Lab and theBerkman Klein Center for Internet & SocietyatHarvard University.[106]He is on the board of the Stanford Institute for Human-Centered Artificial Intelligence (HAI), whose mission is to "advance AI research, education, policy and practice to improve the human condition",[107][108]and launched the institute's Hoffman-Yee Research Grants to "fund interdisciplinary teams with research spanning HAI's key areas of focus: understanding the human and societal impact of AI, augmenting human capabilities, and developing AI technologies inspired by human intelligence".[109]In 2018, Hoffman made a gift to theUniversity of Toronto's Faculty of Information, to endow a chair "to study how the new era of artificial intelligence (AI) will affect our lives."[110]

Politics

[edit]
Hoffman (back left) serves as a member of the USDefense Innovation Board.

Since at least 2011, Hoffman has been a member and regular attendee of theBilderberg Group,which gathers 120–150 North American and European "political leaders and experts from industry, finance, academia and the media"[111]for an annual invitation-only closed-door conference.[112][113][114]Hoffman is also listed as a member of theCouncil on Foreign Relations,to which he was elected in 2015.[115]

In April 2013, a pro-immigration lobbying group calledFWD.uswas launched, with Reid Hoffman listed as one of the founders. In 2014, Hoffman donated $150,000 (equivalent to $190,200 in 2023) to theMayday PAC.[116]Also in 2014, Hoffman contributed $500,000 (equivalent to $633,900 in 2023) towardDavid Chiu's State Assembly campaign by funding an independent expenditure committee devoted to negative campaigning against his opponent: San Franciscans to Hold Campos Accountable—Vote No for Campos for State Assembly 2014.In 2016, Hoffman contributed $220,000 (equivalent to $273,900 in 2023) in support of Democratic candidate for Vermont governorMatt Dunne,according to a mass-media disclosure filed at the Vermont Secretary of State's Office.[117]

In 2016, Hoffman created a card game modeled afterCards Against Humanityintended to poke fun at US presidential candidateDonald Trump.[118]In December 2018, theNew York Timesbroke a story alleging that Hoffman had "put $100,000 into an experiment that adopted Russia-inspired politicaldisinformationtactics onFacebook"during the2017 special Senate race in Alabama,which allegedly targetedRoy Moorevoters. Hoffman did not immediately respond.[119]He apologized later that month, also stating he was unaware what the non-profit—Washington, D.C., based American Engagement Technologies, or AET—had been doing.[120]Hoffman helped fundE. Jean Carroll’s lawsuit for defamation and battery againstDonald Trump.[121]On May 9, 2023 a jury found Trump liable and awarded Carroll $5 million in damages.[122]

In 2018, Hoffman helped fund Alloy, a company founded to legally exchange data with affiliated Democratic groups like super PACs. Hoffman supplied half of the 35 million dollars to start it.[123]The company shut down in 2021.[124]

Hoffman has been an outspoken proponent of democratic institutions and voting rights and in 2021 published a piece on LinkedIn entitledProtecting Voting Rights: Good for America, Good for American Business.In this piece he discusses how "former American Express CEO Kenneth Chenault and Merck CEO Kenneth Frazier led corporate America to take an active role in this situation, by explicitly advocating for the rights of all American citizens to make their voices heard through the core democratic act of voting".[125]In 2020, Hoffman also penned a piece that argued for makingVoting Daya holiday.[126]

Hoffman gave at least $500,000 to the Mainstream Democratssuper PAC,which was founded in February 2022 and has since spent more than $1 million supporting the campaigns of moderate DemocratsHenry CuellarandKurt Schrader.[127][128][129][130][131]

In October 2022, Hoffman joined theDefense Innovation Board,an independent advisory board for theUnited States Department of Defense.[132]

During the2024 presidential election,Hoffman initially endorsed PresidentJoe Biden'sreelection campaign.Hoffman criticized Democratic donors who froze their campaign donations in the aftermath of Biden's performance at theJune 2024 debateagainst Donald Trump.[133]Following Biden's withdraw from the race, Hoffman has since endorsed Vice PresidentKamala Harris'campaign.[134]Hoffman stated in an interview his desire that a potential Harris administration removeLina KhanasFederal Trade Commissionchair.[135]

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[edit]
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