Reset (computing)

"Reset Button" redirects here. For the Haley Blais song, seeWisecrack (album).

For the process of restoring the software on device to new-as-from-the-factory, seefactory reset.

In acomputerordata transmissionsystem, aresetclears any pending errors or events and brings a system to normal condition or an initial state, usually in a controlled manner. It is usually done in response to an error condition when it is impossible or undesirable for a processing activity to proceed and all error recovery mechanisms fail. Acomputer storageprogramwould normally perform a "reset" if a commandtimes outand error recovery schemes like retry orabortalso fail.

Software reset

Main article:Reboot

A software reset (or soft reset) is initiated by the software, for example,Control-Alt-Deletekey combination have been pressed, or execute restart inMicrosoft Windows.

Hardware reset

Main article:Hardware reset

Most computers have a resetlinethat brings the device into the startup state and is active for a short time after powering on. For example, in thex86architecture, asserting the RESET line halts the CPU; this is done after the system is switched on and before the power supply has asserted "power good" to indicate that it is ready to supply stable voltages at sufficient power levels.Reset places less stress on the hardware thanpower cycling,as the power is not removed. Many computers, especially older models, have user accessible "reset" buttons that assert the reset line to facilitate a system reboot in a way that cannot be trapped (i.e. prevented) by the operating system.Out-of-band managementalso frequently provides the possibility to reset the remote system in this way.

Many memory-capable digital circuits (flip-flops,registers, counters and so on) accept the reset signal that sets them to the pre-determined state. This signal is often applied after powering on but may also be applied under other circumstances. After a hard reset, the register states of many hardware have been cleared.

The ability for an electronic device to reset itself in case of error or abnormal power loss is an important aspect ofembedded systemdesign andprogramming.This ability can be observed with everyday electronics such as atelevision,audio equipment or the electronics of acar,which are able to function as intended again even after having lost power suddenly. A sudden and strange error with a device might sometimes be fixed by removing and restoring power, making the device reset. Some devices, such asportable media players,very often have a dedicated reset button as they are prone to freezing or locking up. The lack of a proper reset ability could otherwise possibly render the device useless after a power loss or malfunction.

AppleMac computersallow various levels of resetting,including (CTL,CMD,EJECT) analogous to thethree-finger salute(CTL,ALT,DEL) on Windows computers.

See also

• Abnormal end
• Abort (computing)
• CRIU
• Hang (computing)
• Reboot (computing)