Robert Fettiplace
Robert Fettiplace | |
|---|---|
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| Born | Nottingham, England |
| Nationality | British |
| Alma mater | Cambridge University |
| Awards | Kavli Prizein Neuroscience (2018) |
| Scientific career | |
| Fields | Neurobiology |
| Institutions | University of Wisconsin–Madison |
Robert FettiplaceFRSis a Britishneuroscientist,and Steenbock Professor of Neural and Behavioral Sciences, at theUniversity of Wisconsin–Madison.[1][2]
Work
[edit]Fettiplace studied the mechanism ofhearinginvertebrates.In 1976, he andAndrew Crawforddeveloped a method of recording the electrical responses ofhair cellsin the isolatedcochleaofreptiles.These experiments, which were the first to give extensive quantitative records fromauditory receptors,showed that each hair cell is sharply tuned to acharacteristic frequencyand that much of the frequency selectivity in the turtle’s ear can be attributed toelectrical resonancein the haircell membrane.[citation needed]
Later work proved that the resonant frequency was set by the density and kinetics ofpotassium channels,the frequency increasing with a greater number of faster channels. At least three classes ofpotassium channelsare needed to cover the range of hearing: voltage- and calcium-activated (BK) channels, voltage-gated (Kv) channels, and inwardly rectifying channels. These channels work together with voltage-gatedcalcium channelsto generate electrical resonance, a conclusion that was supported by mathematical reconstruction and simulations.[3]This mechanism is present in all vertebrate classes except mammals.
Another important development was the use of new methods of imaging hair cellstereociliarybundles and delivering force stimuli, providing the first demonstration of sub-micron active oscillations of the bundles. His subsequent work has focused on determining the properties, location and identity of the mechanically sensitiveion channelsthattransducesound stimuli into electrical signals.[4]
Awards and honours
[edit]Fettiplace was elected aFellow of the Royal Society (FRS) in 1990.[4]He was also elected aFellow of American Academy of Arts and Sciencesin 2012.[5]In 2018, Dr. Fettiplace shared theKavli Prizein Neuroscience withA. James HudspethandChristine Petitand in 2020 also theLouisa Gross Horwitz Prize.[6]
References
[edit]- ^"Fettiplace, Robert".Department of Neuroscience.298.Retrieved15 April2019.
- ^"Fettiplace, Robert".Neuroscience Training Program.634.Retrieved15 April2019.
- ^Wu, Y.-C; Art, J.J; Goodman, M.B; Fettiplace, R (1995)."A kinetic description of the calcium-activated potassium channel and its application to electrical tuning of hair cells".Progress in Biophysics and Molecular Biology.63(2): 131–58.doi:10.1016/0079-6107(95)00002-5.PMID7624477.
- ^ab"Robert Fettiplace".London:Royal Society.One or more of the preceding sentences may incorporate text from the royalsociety.org website where "all text published under the heading 'Biography' on Fellow profile pages is available underCreative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.""Royal Society Terms, conditions and policies".Archived from the original on 20 February 2016.Retrieved9 March2016.
{{cite web}}:CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link) - ^"Robert Fettiplace".American Academy of Arts & Sciences.21 June 2021.Retrieved23 June2021.
- ^"The Louisa Gross Horwitz Prize".Columbia University Irving Medical Center.14 June 2018.Retrieved14 December2021.
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