Romulea

Romulea
	Romulea bulbocodium
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Plantae
Clade:	Tracheophytes
Clade:	Angiosperms
Clade:	Monocots
Order:	Asparagales
Family:	Iridaceae
Subfamily:	Crocoideae
Tribe:	Croceae
Genus:	Romulea; Maratti
Type species
	Romulea bulbocodium; (L.) Sebastiani & Mauri
Synonyms
	BulbocodiumGronov. 1755 not L. 1753 nor Ludw. ex Kuntze 1891; BulbocodiumLudw. ex Kuntze 1891 not L. 1753 nor Gronov. 1755; IlmuAdans.; SpatalanthusSweet; TrichonemaKer Gawl.;

Romuleais agenusofflowering plantsin the familyIridaceae,first described as a genus in 1772. It is found in Europe, theMediterranean,theArabian Peninsula,and Africa.^[2]^[3]^[4]

Description

Vegetative characteristics

Species ofRomuleaare perennial cormous herbs.^[5]

Generative characteristics

The capsule fruits bear many brown, globose seeds.^[5]

Etymology

The genus name refers to the legendary founder ofRome,Romulus,and alludes to the abundance of one of the species in the Roman countryside.^[3]^[5]

Taxonomy

Publication

RomuleaMaratti was published by Giovanni Francesco Maratti (1704-1777) in 1772. It is aconserved name.^[6]^[7]

Accepted species

Species^[2]

Romulea albifloraJ.C.Manning & Goldblatt- Cape Province of South Africa
Romulea albomarginataM.P.de Vos- Ceres Koue Bokkeveld in Cape Province of South Africa
Romulea antiatlanticaMaire- Morocco
Romulea aquaticaG.J.Lewis- Cape Province of South Africa
Romulea arnaudiiMoret- southeastern France
Romulea atrandaG.J.Lewis- Cape Province of South Africa
Romulea austiniiE.Phillips- Cape Province of South Africa
Romulea autumnalisL.Bolus- Cape Province of South Africa
Romulea barkeraeM.P.de Vos- Cape Province of South Africa
Romulea biflora(Bég.) M.P.de Vos- Cape Province of South Africa
Romulea bifronsPau- Morocco
Romulea bocchieriiFrignani & Iiriti- Sardinia
Romulea bulbocodium(L.) Sebast. & Mauri- Mediterranean region from Morocco + Portugal to Syria, Sudan
Romulea cameroonianaBaker- central + southern Africa north to Cameroon + Ethiopia
Romulea cedarbergensisM.P.de Vos- Cedarberg in Cape Province of South Africa
Romulea citrinaBaker- Cape Province of South Africa
Romulea clusiana(Lange) Nyman- Morocco, Algeria, Spain, Portugal
Romulea collinaJ.C.Manning & Goldblatt -Hantamsberg in Cape Province of South Africa
Romulea columnaeSebast. & Mauri- Mediterranean region from Morocco + Portugal to Syria, Great Britain, Canary Islands, Madeira, Azores
Romulea congoensisBég.- Rwanda, Ethiopia, Kenya, Tanzania, Uganda
Romulea corsicaJord. & Fourr.- Corsica
Romulea cruciata(Jacq.) Bég.- Cape Province of South Africa
Romulea cyrenaicaBég.- Libya
Romulea dichotoma(Thunb.) Baker- Cape Province of South Africa
Romulea disciferaJ.C.Manning & Goldblatt- Cape Province of South Africa
Romulea diversiformisM.P.de Vos- Sutherland in Cape Province of South Africa
Romulea ebureaJ.C.Manning & Goldblatt- Roggeveld Escarpment in Cape Province of South Africa
Romulea eburneaJ.C.Manning & Goldblatt- Cape Province of South Africa
Romulea ellipticaM.P.de Vos- Cape Province of South Africa
Romulea engleriiBég.- Morocco
Romulea eximiaM.P.de Vos- Cape Province of South Africa
Romulea fibrosaM.P.de Vos- Cape Province of South Africa
Romulea fischeriPax- Kenya, Uganda, Ethiopia, Somalia, Eritrea, Socotra, Yemen, Saudi Arabia
Romulea flava(Lam.) M.P.de Vos- Cape Province of South Africa; naturalized in Australia
Romulea flexuosaKlatt- Cape Province of South Africa
Romulea florentiiMoret- southeastern France
Romulea giganteaBég.- Cape Province of South Africa
Romulea gracillimaBaker- Cape Province of South Africa
Romulea halliiM.P.de Vos- Roggeveld Escarpment in Cape Province of South Africa
Romulea hantamensis(Diels) Goldblatt- Hantamsberg in Cape Province of South Africa
Romulea hirsuta(Steud. ex Klatt) Baker- Cape Province of South Africa
Romulea hirtaSchltr.- Cape Province of South Africa
Romulea jugicolaM.P.de Vos- Cape Province of South Africa
Romulea kamisensisM.P.de Vos- Cape Province of South Africa
Romulea komsbergensisM.P.de Vos- Roggeveld Escarpment in Cape Province of South Africa
Romulea leipoldtiiMarais- Cape Province of South Africa
Romulea ligusticaParl.- Corsica, Sardinia, Veneto, Liguria, Algeria, Libya, Morocco, Tunisia
Romulea lilacinaJ.C.Manning & Goldblatt- Cape Province of South Africa
Romulea × limbaraeBég.- Sardinia(R. ligustica × R. requienii)
Romulea linaresiiParl.- Sicily, Greece, Turkey, Tunisia
Romulea longipesSchltr.- Cape Province of South Africa
Romulea luteaJ.C.Manning & Goldblatt- Cape Province of South Africa
Romulea luteiflora(M.P.de Vos) M.P.de Vos- Cape Province, Lesotho
Romulea macowaniiBaker- Cape Province, Free State, Lesotho
Romulea maculataJ.C.Manning & Goldblatt- Cape Province of South Africa
Romulea malaniaeM.P.de Vos- Cape Province of South Africa
Romulea maroccanaBég.- Morocco
Romulea melitensisBég.- Malta, Gozo
Romulea membranaceaM.P.de Vos- near Middelpos in Cape Province of South Africa
Romulea minutifloraKlatt- Cape Province; naturalized in Australia
Romulea monadelpha(Sweet ex Steud.) Baker- Cape Province of South Africa
Romulea montanaSchltr. ex Bég.- Cape Province of South Africa
Romulea monticolaM.P.de Vos- Cape Province of South Africa
Romulea multifidaM.P.de Vos- Roggeveld Escarpment in Cape Province of South Africa
Romulea multisulcataM.P.de Vos- Cape Province of South Africa
Romulea namaquensisM.P.de Vos- Cape Province of South Africa
Romulea nivalis(Boiss. & Kotschy) Klatt- Mount Hermon in Syria + Lebanon
Romulea numidicaJord. & Fourr.- Morocco, Algeria
Romulea obscuraKlatt- Cape Province; naturalized in Australia
†Romulea papyraceaWolley-Dod- Cape Province but extinct
Romulea pearsoniiM.P.de Vos- Cape Province of South Africa
Romulea penzigiiBég.- Algeria
Romulea petraeaAl-Eisawi- Jordan
Romulea phoeniciaMouterde- Lebanon, Syria, Jordan
Romulea pilosaGoldblatt & J.C.Manning- Cape Province of South Africa
Romulea pratensisM.P.de Vos- Cape Province of South Africa
Romulea pudica(Sol. ex Ker Gawl.) Baker- Bokkeveld in Cape Province of South Africa
Romulea quartzicolaGoldblatt & J.C.Manning- Cape Province of South Africa
Romulea ramifloraTen. -Mediterranean from Morocco + Portugal to Turkey
Romulea requieniiParl.- Corsica, Sardinia
Romulea revelieriJord. & Fourr.- Corsica, several small Italian islands in the Tyrrhenian Sea
Romulea rosea(L.) Eckl.- Cape Province; naturalized in France, Chile, Australia, California, St. Helena, Tristan da Cunha
Romulea rupestrisJ.C.Manning & Goldblatt- Cape Province of South Africa
Romulea sabulosaSchltr. ex Bég.- Cape Province of South Africa
Romulea saldanhensisM.P.de Vos -Cape Province of South Africa
Romulea sanguinalisM.P.de Vos- Bokkeveld in Cape Province of South Africa
Romulea saxatilisM.P.de Vos- Cape Province of South Africa
Romulea schlechteriBég.- Cape Province of South Africa
Romulea setifoliaN.E.Br.- Cape Province of South Africa
Romulea singularisJ.C.Manning & Goldblatt- Cape Province of South Africa
Romulea sinispinosensisM.P.de Vos- Doringbaai in Cape Province of South Africa
Romulea sladeniiM.P.de Vos -Gifberg Plateau in Cape Province of South Africa
Romulea speciosa(Ker Gawl.) Baker- Cape Province of South Africa
Romulea sphaerocarpaM.P.de Vos- Great Karoo in Cape Province of South Africa
Romulea stellataM.P.de Vos- Cape Province of South Africa
Romulea sulphureaBég- Pakhuis Mountains, Western Cape province of South Africa
Romulea subfistulosaM.P.de Vos- Cape Province of South Africa
Romulea syringodeofloraM.P.de Vos- Cape Province of South Africa
Romulea tabularisEckl. ex Bég.- Cape Province of South Africa
Romulea tempskyanaFreyn- Cyprus, Turkey, Greek Islands, Israel, Palestine
Romulea tetragonaM.P.de Vos- Cape Province of South Africa
Romulea tortilisBaker- Cape Province of South Africa
Romulea tortuosa(Licht. ex Roem. & Schult.) Baker- Cape Province of South Africa
Romulea toximontanaM.P.de Vos- Cape Province of South Africa
Romulea triflora(Burm.f.) N.E.Br.- Cape Province of South Africa
Romulea tubulosaJ.C.Manning & Goldblatt- Cape Province of South Africa
Romulea unifoliaM.P.de Vos- Cape Province of South Africa
Romulea vaillantiiQuézel- Algeria
Romulea villaretiiDobignard- Morocco
Romulea vinaceaM.P.de Vos- Pakhuis Pass in Cape Province of South Africa
Romulea viridibracteataM.P.de Vos- Cape Province of South Africa
Romulea vlokiiM.P.de Vos- Cape Province of South Africa

References

^Maratti 1772.
^^a ^b ^cKew World Checklist of Selected Plant Families
^^a ^bManning, John; Goldblatt, Peter (2008).The Iris Family: Natural History & Classification.Portland, Oregon: Timber Press. pp. 91–93.ISBN 978-0-88192-897-6.
^Altervista Flora Italiana, genere Romuleaincludes photos plus European distribution maps
^^a ^b ^cRomuleaMaratti. (n.d.). Flora of North America. Retrieved March 18, 2024, fromhttp://floranorthamerica.org/Romulea
^Maratti, Giovanni Francesco | International Plant Names Index. (n.d.). Retrieved March 18, 2024, fromhttps:// ipni.org/a/6084-1
^"RomuleaMaratti ".Plants of the World Online.Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.Retrieved18 March2024.

Bibliography

Maratti, Giovanni Francesco[in Spanish](1772).Plantarum Romuleae, et Saturniae in agro Romano existentium: specificas notas describit inventor(in Latin). Rome: Typis Archangeli Casaletti.

[FOOTNOTEMaratti1772-1] Maratti 1772.

[wcsp-2] Kew World Checklist of Selected Plant Families

[Goldblatt2008-3] Manning, John; Goldblatt, Peter (2008).The Iris Family: Natural History & Classification.Portland, Oregon: Timber Press. pp. 91–93.ISBN 978-0-88192-897-6.

[4] Altervista Flora Italiana, genere Romuleaincludes photos plus European distribution maps

[FNA-5] RomuleaMaratti. (n.d.). Flora of North America. Retrieved March 18, 2024, fromhttp://floranorthamerica.org/Romulea

[IPNI_a-6] Maratti, Giovanni Francesco | International Plant Names Index. (n.d.). Retrieved March 18, 2024, fromhttps:// ipni.org/a/6084-1

[POWO,_2024-7] "RomuleaMaratti ".Plants of the World Online.Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.Retrieved18 March2024.

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