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Sa Kaeo province

Coordinates:13°47′49″N102°8′14″E/ 13.79694°N 102.13722°E/13.79694; 102.13722
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Sa Kaeo
สระแก้ว
Province
(Clockwise from top left)Lalu,Prasat Sdok Kok Thom,Locomotive atAranyaprathet railway station,Boot shops inRong Kluea border market,Ban Klong Luk Border railway stationnext to Rong Kluea market
Flag of Sa Kaeo
Flag
Official seal of Sa Kaeo
Seal
Motto(s):
ชายแดนเบื้องบูรพา ป่างามน้ำตกสวย มากด้วยรอยอารยธรรมโบราณ ย่านการค้าไทย-เขมร
( "The Eastern border. Beautiful forests and waterfalls. Rich in ancient history. The Thai-Khmer commercial area." )
Map of Thailand highlighting Sa Kaeo province
Map of Thailand highlighting Sa Kaeo province
CountryThailand
CapitalSa Kaeo
Government
• GovernorParinya Phothisat
(since October 2021)
Area
[1]
• Total7,195 km2(2,778 sq mi)
• RankRanked 27th
Population
(2018)[2]
• Total564,092
• RankRanked 45th
• Density78/km2(200/sq mi)
• RankRanked 64th
Human Achievement Index
[3]
• HAI (2022)0.6207 "low"
Ranked 66th
GDP
[4]
• Totalbaht45 billion
(US$1.6 billion) (2019)
Time zoneUTC+7(ICT)
Postal code
27xxx
Calling code037
ISO 3166 codeTH-27
Websitewww.sakaeo.go.th[dead link]

Sa Kaeo(Thai:สระแก้ว,pronounced[sàʔkɛ̂ːw]) is one of the 76provinces(changwat) and lies ineastern Thailandabout 200 km from Bangkok. Neighboring provinces are (from south clockwise)Chanthaburi,Chachoengsao,Prachinburi,Nakhon Ratchasima,andBuriram.To the east it bordersBanteay MeancheyandBattambangofCambodia.

History

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Sa Kaeo became a province in 1993, when the six districts Sa Kaeo, Khlong Hat, Wang Nam Yen, Aranyaprathet, Ta Phraya, and Watthana Nakhon ofPrachinburi provincewere elevated to provincial status.[5]It is thus one of the four newest provinces of Thailand, together withAmnat Charoen,Nong Bua Lamphu,and most recently,Bueng Kan.

The province is overwhelminglyTheravadaBuddhist (99.4 percent).[6]

In 1979Sa Kaeo Refugee Campwas established northwest of Sa Kaeo town. It closed in 1989, but the legacy of the border clashes of the 1970s, 1980s, and 1990s is ever present. The largestland minefield in the world was planted along the Thai-Cambodia border according to some experts. Almost 4,000 people have been injured or killed by landmines in Thailand since the border battles—19 persons in 2017 alone. According to a survey conducted in 2001, 27 of Thailand's 76 provinces were plagued with land mines, impacting more than 530 communities and some 500,000 people. Thailand still has approximately 409 km2of mined area to clear scattered around the country. With an annual clearance rate of about one km2between 2011 and 2015 the problem will not soon disappear.[7]

Sa Kaeo Sa Khwan

The nameSa Kaeo,literally 'crystal pond', refers to two ponds (Sa Kaeo Sa Khwan) containing water thought to be sacred once used for thecoronation ceremony.The name of the province originated with this place, now the ponds lie inside a public park next to Mueang Sa Kaeo Municipality Office.[8]

Geography

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The north of the province is covered with the forested mountains of theSankamphaeng Rangeand theDangrek Mountains.The total forest area in 2021 is 1,506 km2(581 sq mi) or 22 percent of provincial area.[9]To the south are the foothills of theCardamom Mountains,which are mostlydeforested.

National parks

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There are two national parks, along with two other national parks, make upregion 1 (Prachinburi)of Thailand's protected areas.

Symbols

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Theprovincial sealshows the sun rising over archaeological ruins,Prasat Khao Noi Si Chompu,a significantKhmertemple.[11]The rising sun symbolizes the location of the province in the east. In the front is aBuddhaimage in a pond withlotusflowers.[12]

Theprovincial treeisPhyllanthus emblica.The provincial flower is theOrange Jessamine(Murraya paniculata).

The provincial slogan is "Frontier of the east, beautiful forests, splendid waterfalls, ancient civilisations, Thai-Cambodian commerce".

Administrative divisions

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Map of Sa Kaeo with 9 districts

Provincial government

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Sa Kaeo is divided into nine districts (amphoe). The districts are further divided into 59 subdistricts (tambons) and 619 villages (mubans).

  1. Mueang Sa Kaeo
  2. Khlong Hat
  3. Ta Phraya
  4. Wang Nam Yen
  5. Watthana Nakhon
  1. Aranyaprathet
  2. Khao Chakan
  3. Khok Sung
  4. Wang Sombun

Local government

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As of 26 November 2019 the province had one Provincial Administration Organisation (PAO) (ongkan borihan suan changwat) and 16 municipalities (thesaban): Sa Kaeo, Aranyaprathet, and Wang Nam Yen had town (thesaban mueang) status, with a further 13 subdistrict municipalities (thesaban tambon).[13](Non-municipal areas are administered by 49 Subdistrict Administrative Organisations (SAO) (ongkan borihan suan tambon).[2]

Human achievement index 2022

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Health Education Employment Income
44 55 62 62
Housing Family Transport Participation
5 49 75 44
Province Sa Kaeo, with an HAI 2022 value of 0.6207 is "low", occupies place 66 in the ranking.

Since 2003, United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) in Thailand has tracked progress on human development at sub-national level using theHuman achievement index(HAI), a composite index covering all the eight key areas of human development. National Economic and Social Development Board (NESDB) has taken over this task since 2017.[3]

Rank Classification
1 - 13 "high"
14 - 29 "somewhat high"
30 - 45 "average"
46 - 61 "somewhat low"
62 - 77 "low"

References

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  1. ^Thailand Human Development Report 2014: Advancing Human Development through ASEAN Community(Report).United Nations Development Programme(UNDP). 2014. pp. 134–135.ISBN978-974-680-368-7.Retrieved9 June2022.
  2. ^ab"ร่ยงานสถิติจำนวนประชากรและบ้านประจำปี พ.ศ.2561"[Statistics, population and house statistics for the year 2018]. Registration Office Department of the Interior, Ministry of the Interior.stat.bora.dopa.go.th(in Thai). 31 December 2018. Archived fromthe originalon 2 April 2019.Retrieved20 June2019.Archived2 April 2019 at theWayback Machine
  3. ^ab"ข้อมูลสถิติดัชนีความก้าวหน้าของคน ปี 2565 (PDF)"[Human Achievement Index Databook year 2022 (PDF)]. Office of the National Economic and Social Development Council (NESDC) (in Thai).Retrieved12 March2024,page 76{{cite web}}:CS1 maint: postscript (link)
  4. ^"Gross Regional and Provincial Product, 2019 Edition".<>.Office of the National Economic and Social Development Council (NESDC). July 2019.ISSN1686-0799.Archived fromthe originalon 25 November 2023.Retrieved22 January2020.
  5. ^"Sa Kaeo".Tourism Authority of Thailand (TAT).Retrieved1 May2018.
  6. ^"Population by religion, region and area, 2015"(PDF).National Statistical Office.Archived fromthe original(PDF)on 2017-12-10.Retrieved2017-10-12.
  7. ^Taylor, Caitlin (7 January 2018)."Long fight against a hidden killer".Bangkok Post (Spectrum).Retrieved7 January2018.
  8. ^"Sa Kaeo Sa Khwan".Tourism Authority of Thailand.
  9. ^โครงการจัดทำข้อมูลสภาพพื้นที่ป่าไม้ ปี พ.ศ. 2564[Forest area data project 2021](PDF)(Report) (in Thai).Royal Forest Department.2021. p. 11. Archived fromthe original(PDF)on 9 June 2022.Retrieved9 June2022.
  10. ^ab"ข้อมูลพื้นที่อุทยานแห่งชาติ ที่ประกาศในราชกิจจานุบกษา 133 แห่ง"[National Park Area Information published in the 133 Government Gazettes]. Department of National Parks, Wildlife and Plant Conservation (in Thai). December 2020. Archived fromthe originalon 3 November 2022.Retrieved1 November2022.
  11. ^"Khao Noi Si Chompu Castle".Tourism Authority of Thailand.Retrieved13 May2021.
  12. ^"Sa Kaeo Provincial Escutcheon".Thailex.Retrieved13 May2021.
  13. ^"Number of local government organizations by province".Department of Local Administration (DLA).26 November 2019.Retrieved10 December2019.63 Sa Kaeo: 1 PAO, 3 town municipalities, 13 subdistrict municipalities, 49 SAO.
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13°47′49″N102°8′14″E/ 13.79694°N 102.13722°E/13.79694; 102.13722

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