List of battles of the Italian Wars

Italian War of 1494–98

Further information:Italian War of 1494–1495 § Timeline

• 5–8 September 1494:Battle of Rapallo
• 17 October 1494: skirmishes nearSant'Agata sul Santerno
• 19–21 October 1494:Siege of Mordano
• 26–29 October 1494:Siege of Fivizzano
• 8–9 November 1494: Florentine revolt against de' Medici
• Mid-November – 28 November 1494: French occupation of Florence
• ?1495: French conquest and destruction of theCastello di Monte San Giovanni Campano
• ?1495: French sack ofTuscania(Province of Viterbo)
• 22 February 1495: French capture of Naples
• 2 May 1495:Battle of Rapallo (1495)
• 11 June 1495: French occupation of Novara
• 28 June 1495:Battle of Seminara
• 1 July 1495: Skirmish near Giarolo
• 6 July 1495:Battle of Fornovo
• 6–7 July 1495: Neapolitan recapture of Naples
• 6 July – 8 December 1495: Siege of theCastel Nuovo(Maschio Angioino) in Naples
• 19 July – 21/24 September 1495:Siege of Novara (1495)
• July–August 1496:Siege of Atella
• 1497:Siege of Ostia

Italian Wars of 1499–1504

Further information:Italian Wars of 1499–1504 § Timeline

Second Italian War (1499–1501)

• September 1499: Venetian invasion of the Duchy of Milan and anti-Sforza revolt inside the city of Milan; the rebels opened the gates to the Venetian army commanded byGian Giacomo Trivulzio.
• 19 December 1499 – 12 January 1500:Siege of Forlì.Franco-Papal victory byCesare BorgiaoverCaterina Sforza.
• 5 February 1500: Ludovico Sforza's Swiss mercenary army retook the city of Milan from the French.
• 21 March 1500: The Sforzescan army retook Novara from the French.
• 8–10 April 1500:Battle of Novara (1500).French victory over Ludovico Sforza.
• 24 July 1501:Sack of Capua.
• 25 July 1501: Franco-Aragonese forces occupied Naples.

Third Italian War (1502–1504)

• 25 December 1502:Battle of Seminara (1502).French victory over Spain.
• 13 February 1503:Challenge of Barletta.Italian knights in Spanish service won a duel against French knights.
• 23 February 1503:Battle of Ruvo.Spanish victory over France.
• 21 April 1503:Battle of Seminara (1503).Spanish victory over France.
• 28 April 1503:Battle of Cerignola.Spanish victory over France.
• 29 December 1503:Battle of Garigliano (1503).Spanish victory over France and Saluzzo.

War of the League of Cambrai

Further information:War of the League of Cambrai § Timeline

Prelude (1506–1508)

• July 1506 – March 1507: A popular revolt in Genoa expelled the city's pro-French nobility to Savona.
• 22–29 April 1507: Siege of Genoa. French victory over the Genoese revolutionaries.
• Early February 1508: Maximilian declared war on Venice. Venice requested France, then still their ally, to send aid, which Chaumont did in the form of several thousand troops from Milan.
• 20–21 February 1508: Imperial troops invaded Venice, sackingAmpezzoand besieging theCastello di Botestagno.
• 23 February 1508: Imperials capturedPieve di Cadore.
• 24 February 1508: Skirmish at Chiusa di Venas, Imperial victory over Venice.
• 27 February 1508: Imperials captured Castello di Botestagno.
• 2 March 1508:Battle of Cadore.Venetian victory over the Emperor.
• March–May 1508: Successful Venetian counter-offensives into Imperial territory. The Venetians captured Trieste on 6 May.

War of the League of Cambrai proper (1508–1510)

• 14 May 1509:Battle of Agnadello.French (Cambrai) victory over Venice.
• 15–30 September 1509:Siege of Padua.Venetian victory over the League of Cambrai.
• 22 December 1509:Battle of Polesella.Ferrarese (Cambrai) victory over Venice.
• May 1510: French, Ferrarese, and Imperial troops invaded Venice.
• July 1510: The Pope and Venice formed an alliance and went on a counter-offensive.

Ferrarese War (1510–1511)

• August 1510: Failed Papal attack on Ferrara.
• 17 August 1510: Papal–Venetian troops captured Modena.
• October 1510: French troops were repulsed at Bologna.
• December 1510: Papal troops captured Concordia.
• 2–19 January 1511:Siege of Mirandola (1511).Papal victory over Ferrara.
• 23 May 1511: French troops captured Bologna after an anti-Papal revolt.
• Late May 1511: French troops recaptured Mirandola.

War of the Holy League proper (1511–1514)

• 18 February 1512:Sack of Brescia.French victory over Venice. The city ofBresciahad revolted against French control, garrisoning itself withVenetiantroops.Gaston de Foix,recently arrived to command the French armies in Italy, ordered the city to surrender; when it refused, he attacked it with around 12,000 men. The French attack took place in pouring rain, through a field of mud; Foix ordered his men to remove their shoes for better traction.The defenders inflicted heavy casualties on the French, but were eventually overrun, suffering 8,000 – 15,000 casualties.TheGasconinfantry andlandsknechtsthen proceeded to thoroughly sack the city, massacring thousands of civilians over the next five days. Following this, the city ofBergamopaid some 60,000ducatsto the French to avoid a similar fate.
• 11 April 1512:Battle of Ravenna (1512).Franco-Ferrarese victory over the Pope.
• May 1512: Holy League troops drove French troops out of Milan.
• June 1512 – June 1515:Spanish conquest of Iberian Navarre.Spanish victory over France.
• 10 August 1512:Battle of Saint-Mathieu.English victory over France.
• 6 June 1513:Battle of Novara (1513).Milanese–Swiss victory over France.
• 16 August 1513:Battle of the Spurs(Guinegate). Anglo-Imperial victory over France.
• 8–13 September 1513:Siege of Dijon.Swiss victory over France.
• 9 September 1513:Battle of Flodden(Flodden Field, Branxton). English victory over Scotland (allied with France). Scotland abandoned France and left the war. The kingdoms ofFranceandScotlandhad traditionally enjoyed aclose diplomatic relationship,reflected in a defensive treaty signed between the two kingdoms in 1512. WhenHenrycrossed theEnglish Channelto campaign in France, theKing of Franceactivated the treaty, sending arms, money and military advisers toJames IV of Scotlandto encourage him to fulfil his obligations, in the hope that this would draw English resources away from the invasion of France.Jamescrossed the border with a force of some 35,000 men, including 5,000 French advisers.He was opposed by an English force underthe Earl of Surrey.During the Battle of Flodden, the Scottish army was heavily defeated, losing some 9,000 men and many nobles, includingKing James,the King'sillegitimate son,and twelveearls.
• 7 October 1513:Battle of La Motta (1513).Spanish and Imperial victory over Venice (allied with France). Also known as the Battle of Schio, Vicenza or Creazzo. A Venetian army underBartolomeo d'Alvianoattempted to prevent the Spanish and Imperials underRamón de Cardonafrom withdrawing from theVeneto,but was defeated and scattered.

Francis I's First Italian War (1515–1516)

• 13–14 September 1515:Battle of Marignano(Melegnano). Decisive Franco-Venetian victory over Switzerland and Milan.
• 4 October 1515: French troops captured Milan and dethroned Sforza.

War of Urbino

Further information:War of Urbino

• January 1517: Siege of Urbino. Urbinate victory over the Pope.Francesco Maria I della Rovere, Duke of Urbinoretook Urbino from occupying Papal troops.
• April 1517: Siege of the Mondolfo castle. Urbinate victory over the Pope.
• ?1517: Battle of Monte Imperiale. Urbinate victory over the Pope.
• ?1517: Raids in Tuscany and Umbria. Papal victory over Urbino.

Italian War of 1521–1526

Further information:Italian War of 1521–1526

• 20 May 1521: Battle of Pampeluna (also spelledPamplona). French-backedNavarresevictory over Spanish troops during theSpanish conquest of Iberian Navarre.Most Navarrese towns rose at once against the Spanish, who had invaded Navarre in 1512. The Spanish resisted the siege sheltered inside the city castle, but they eventually surrendered and the French-Navarrese took control of the town and the castle of Pamplona. It was at this battle that Inigo Lopez de Loyola, better known asSt. Ignatius of Loyola,suffered severe injuries, a Navarrese cannonball shattering his leg. It is said that after the battle the Navarrese so admired his braverythat they carried him all the way back to his home in Loyola. His meditations during his long recovery set him on the road of a conversion of life from soldier to priest. He would eventually found theSociety of Jesus(the Jesuits), and create theSpiritual Exercises,which is the basis for the idea of "retreats" as an experience of prayer as practiced in the Roman Catholic Church.
• 25 May–11 June 1521:Siege of Logroño
• 30 June 1521:Battle of Noáinor Noain-Esquiroz nearPamplona.A makeshift Spanish armyconsisting mostly ofCastiliantroops defeated the Navarrese and French forces sent byHenry d'Albretand commanded byLesparre,driving themout of Iberian Navarre.
• 29 August–12 September 1521. Imperial forces unsuccessfully siege the French in Parma
• ?1521:Siege of Mézières.AnImperialarmy besieged the city (now part ofCharleville-Mézières), which was defended by French troops under the command of theChevalier de BayardandAnne de Montmorency;the siege was unsuccessful, and the determined French resistance gaveFrancis Itime to concentrate his forces againstCharles V.
• November 1521: Siege of Tournai. AnImperialarmy besieged the city ofTournai,capturing it from the French in late November; it would remain aHabsburgpossession until the French conquest of theAustrian Netherlandsin 1795.
• Operation in Val Vestino (1521)
• Battle of Vaprio d'Adda (1521)
• 29 April 1522:Battle of Bicocca.Imperial–Spanish and Papal victory over France, Venice and Swiss mercenaries.
• 20–30 May 1522:Siege of Genoa (1522).An army of theHoly Roman Empireunder the command of the Italian/Spanish GeneralFernando d'Avalosand Italian condottieroProspero Colonnabesieged the French forces defending the Italian city. Since Genoa had refused to surrender, the Imperial troops were permitted to loot the city once it had fallen.
• 30 June 1522: Battle of San Marcial. Spanish partisans defeat the French backed Navarrese at Monte Aldabe near Behobia Castle.
• 1523–29 April 1524:Siege of Fuenterrabía (1523–1524).Spanish victory over France and Navarre.
• 30 April 1524:Battle of the Sesia (1524).It was fought near theSesia River,where the Spanish-Imperialforces underCharles de Lannoyinflicted a decisive defeat on the French underAdmiral Bonnivetand theFrancis de Bourbon, Comte de St. Pol,forcing the latter to withdraw fromLombardy.
• August–September 1524:Siege of Marseille (1524).Conducted by anImperialarmy underCharles de Bourbon(who had recently betrayedFrancis I) andFernando de Avalosagainst the French defenders ofMarseille.Although Avalos heavily looted the surrounding countryside, he was unsuccessful in seizing the city; and, faced with the arrival of French reinforcements, called off the siege in September.
• October 1524 – February 1525:Italian campaign of 1524–1525.Habsburg Imperial-Spanish victory over France.
• 24 February 1525:Battle of Pavia.Decisive Habsburg Spanish-Imperial victory over France; French kingFrancis Icaptured.

War of the League of Cognac

Further information:War of the League of Cognac

• Battle of Camollia
• Papal occupation of the Sienese Maremma
• 25 November 1526:Battle of Governolo (1526)
• Italian campaign of 1527(North Italy)
• 6 May 1527:Sack of Rome (1527)
• 1–12 October 1527:Sack of Pavia
• 22–23 March 1528:Siege of Melfi
• April – August 1528:Siege of Naples (1528)
• 28–29 April 1528:Battle of Capo d'Orso
• May – 8 August 1528:Siege of Catanzaro
• Neapolitan campaign of 1528(South Italy).
• Battle of Aversa
• 15 March – 28 May 1529:Siege of Monopoli
• 21 June 1529:Battle of Landriano
• 24 October 1529 – 10 August 1530:Siege of Florence (1529–1530).Habsburg-Papal victory over Florence. End of theFlorentine Republic.
• 3 August 1530:Battle of Gavinana

Italian War of 1536–1538

Further information:Italian War of 1536–1538

• March 1536: French invasion of Piedmont.
• 3 April 1536: French army captured Turin.
• July 1536: Habsburg invasion of Provence.
• 13 August 1536: Habsburg army captured Aix-en-Provence.
• August 1536: Franco-Ottoman army and fleet failed to capture Genoa.
• Late 1536: Franco-Ottoman army captured Piedmontese towns.
• Spring 1537: Battles of Lens, Arras, Crécy and Hesdin.
• 1537: Ottoman siege of Corfu.

Italian War of 1542–1546

Further information:Italian War of 1542–1546

• July–August 1542:Siege of Corroy.Guelders-Cleves (allied with France) victory over Imperial-Brabantine army.
• July–September 1542:Siege of Perpignan (1542).Spanish victory over France.
• 24 November 1542:Battle of Solway Moss.English victory over Scotland (allied with France).
• 25 July 1543:Battle of Muros Bay.Spanish victory over France.
• 6–22 August 1543:Siege of Nice.A combinedFranco-Ottoman forceattacked and captured theImperialcity ofNice.
• Sack of Düren (1543)
• May 1543:Siege of Landrecies (1543).French victory over Anglo-Imperial army.
• 11 April 1544:Battle of Ceresole.French victory over Hispano-Imperial army.
• 2–4 June 1544:Battle of Serravalle (1544).Imperial-Spanish victory over Italian mercenaries in French service.
• July – 17 August 1544:Siege of Saint-Dizier.TheImperialarmy ofCharles Vattacked the French city ofSt. Dizierat the beginning of its advance intoChampagne.Charles V himself joined the siege arrived with an army of 14,100 (including 1600sappers) on 13 July. Imperial commanderRené of Châlon,Prince of Orange,was wounded on 14 July and died 15 July. On 23 July French outposts near the besieged town were overrun, but a French army under the command of theDauphinHenrymaintained an observing position at Jalons. On 17 August the town surrendered. Charles elected not to attack the Dauphin's army and instead pressed on toSoissons.
• Sack of Lagny-sur-Marne
• 10 July – 25 September 1544:Siege of Montreuil.French victory over an English-Burgundian (Habsburg) army led byNorfolkandAdrien de Croÿ(count of Roeulx, governor of Flanders and Artois).
• 19 July – 14 September 1544:Sieges of Boulogne (1544–1546)(1st Boulogne). English victory over France.
• October 1544:Sieges of Boulogne (1544–1546)(2nd Boulogne). English victory over France.
• 18–19 July 1545:Battle of the Solent.Indecisive Anglo-French battle.
• July 1545:French invasion of the Isle of Wight.English victory over France.
  • July 1545:Battle of Bonchurch.English victory over France.
  • July 1545:Battle of Beachy Head (1545).English victory over France.

Italian War of 1551–1559

Further information:Italian War of 1551–1559

• 15 August 1551:Siege of Tripoli (1551).Ottomans captured Tripoli from Maltese Knights Hospitaller.
• July 1551 – March 1552:Siege of Mirandola (1551).French victory over Imperial-Spanish-Papal army.
• 5 August 1552:Battle of Ponza (1552).Franco-Ottoman victory over Genoa.
• 19 October 1552 – 2 January 1553:Siege of Metz (1552).French victory over Imperial army.
• 11 April – 20 June 1553:Siege of Thérouanne.Spanish-Imperial victory over France. The Imperials razed Thérouanne to the ground on the orders of Charles V in revenge for the defeat at Metz.
• 1553–1559:Invasion of Corsica (1553).Ottomans & French temporarily occupied most of Corsica.
• 2 August 1554:Battle of Marcianoor Scannagallo. Decisive Florentine-Spanish victory over Siena and France.
• 12 August 1554:Battle of Renty.French victory over Imperial army.
• September 1556: Spanish invasion and occupation of the Papal States.
• 20 April - 15 May 1557: Siege of Civitella. The French unsuccessful siege the Spanish.
• 10–27 August 1557:Battle of St. Quentin (1557).Hispano-Savoyard-English victory over France.
• September 1557: Spanish occupation of the Papal States.
• 1–8 January 1558:Siege of Calais (1558).French victory over England.
• 17 April – 23 June 1558:Siege of Thionville (1558).French victory over Imperial-Spanish army.
• 13 July 1558:Battle of Gravelines (1558).Anglo-Spanish victory over France.

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