Salan
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Salan,SalanusorZalan(BulgarianandSerbianCyrillic:Салан or Залан;Hungarian:Zalán;Latin:Salanus) was, according to theGesta Hungarorum,a localBulgarian[1]voivod(duke) who ruled in the 9th century betweenDanubeandTisarivers in the south and the Carpathians in the north. The capital of his voivodship (duchy) wasTitel.The exact border of his duchy is not clear: according to some sources, his duchy included present-day northernSerbia,much of present-day centralHungary,present-day easternSlovakiaand part of present-day westernUkraineand northernRomania,[1]while according to other sources, his duchy included only present-dayBačka/Bácskaregion ofSerbiaandHungary.[2]
His name comes from the toponym Szalánkemén (archaicallyZoloncaman,todayStari Slankamen).[3]
History
[edit]According to Gesta Hungarorum, Salan (Salanus) was an Orthodox vassal of the Byzantine Empire or of theBulgariantsar.Serbian historian Dr Aleksa Ivić supposes that Salan was a Slavic king.[4]The chronicle states that he was a descendant of the Bulgarian Khan, who conquered the territory up to the borders of Russia and Poland after the death ofAttila the Hun.[citation needed]
At the time of the Hungarian conquest (after 896), Hungarians attacked Salan's voivodship and Bulgarians led by the tsarSimeoncame to the aid of voivod Salan. Even theByzantineEmperor sent auxiliary troops against theHungarians.The Hungarians defeated a united Bulgarian and Byzantine army led by Salan in the early 10th century on the plains of Alpár[5]and the voivodship of Salan fell under Hungarian rule.[citation needed]
Sources
[edit]The main historical source about Duke Salan is a historical chronicle known asGesta Hungarorum,written by Magister P., notary of Hungarian King Bela in the late 12th century. Gesta Hungarorum, however, is not considered to be a fully reliable source, thus the existence of Salan is questionable.[citation needed]However, the 10th centuryLombardchronicler,Liudprand,also wrote about a Hungarian victory over the Bulgarians and the Byzantines in the early 10th century[6]and other sources also mention that the area between Danube and Tisa was under Bulgarian rule, which confirm some claims from Gesta Hungarorum regarding the story about Salan.[citation needed]
Appearances in popular media
[edit]Duke Salan appears as a playable character in the video gameCrusader Kings IIIin the 9th-century start date.
See also
[edit]References
[edit]- ^abhttp://keptar.niif.hu/000500/000586/magyaro-honf-terkep_nagykep.jpg[bare URL image file]
- ^"Archived copy".Archived fromthe originalon 2009-03-05.Retrieved2009-03-05.
{{cite web}}:CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link) - ^Kristó, Gyula(2001)."Anonymus a 9. századi Kárpát-medence bolgár fejedelmeiről"[Anonymus on the 9th century Bulgarian princes of the Carpathian basin](PDF).Acta Universitatis Szegediensis:19.ISSN0324-6965.
- ^Dr Aleksa Ivić,Istorija Srba u Vojvodini,Novi Sad, 1929.
- ^"The Magyars - DBA 107".Fanaticus.org. 2002-03-10. Archived fromthe originalon 2013-10-15.Retrieved2013-10-15."Alpár" may be modernTiszaalpár;recorded in 1075 as "Olper", when it was within the domains ofGéza I.
- ^"The abstract of the book".2009-10-27. Archived fromthe originalon 2009-10-27.Retrieved2013-10-15.
Literature
[edit]- Marko Jovanov,Devet vekova od pomena imena Titela,Titelski letopis, Titel, 2001.
- Dr Aleksa Ivić,Istorija Srba u Vojvodini,Novi Sad, 1929.
- Prof.dr Radmilo Petrović,Vojvodina,Beograd, 2003.
