Sanming
Sanming
Tam minh thị | |
|---|---|
Clockwise from top:Liedong Bridge (Liệt đông đại kiều) over Sha River (Sa khê),TainingGolden Lake, street scene inYong'an,moreDanxia Landformin Taining County, and Baiyan Park inDatian County. | |
 Location of Sanming City in Fu gian | |
  Sanming Location in China | |
| Coordinates (Sanming municipal government):26°15′48″N117°38′20″E/ 26.2634°N 117.6389°E | |
| Country | People's Republic of China |
| Province | Fu gian |
| Municipal seat | Sanyuan District |
| Area | |
| •Prefecture-level city | 22,929 km2(8,853 sq mi) |
| Population (2010 Census) | |
| •Prefecture-level city | 2,503,388 |
| • Density | 110/km2(280/sq mi) |
| •Urban | 379,701 |
| •Metro | 379,701 |
| GDP[1] | |
| •Prefecture-level city | CN¥270 billion US$39.2 billion |
| • Per capita | CN¥ 108,304 US$ 17,004 |
| Time zone | UTC+8(CST) |
| Postal code | 365000 |
| Area code | 598 |
| ISO 3166 code | CN-FJ-04 |
| License Plate | Mân G |
| Local variety | Central Min(Sanming dialect) |
| Website | sm.gov.cn |
Sanming(Chinese:Tam minh;pinyin:Sānmíng,Foochow Romanized:Săng-mìng), also known as Minzhong (simplified Chinese:Mân trung;traditional Chinese:Mân trung), is aprefecture-level cityin westernFu gianprovince, China. It bordersNanpingCity to the north,FuzhouCity to the east,QuanzhouCity to the southeast,LongyanCity to the south and the province ofJiangxito the west. Sanming lies betweenWuyiandDaiyunmountains.
Geography and climate[edit]
The prefecture level city of Sanming has a total area of 22,965 km2(8,867 sq mi),[2]of which 82 percent of this extension is composed ofmountainous areas,8.3 percent ofarable landand 9.7 percent of water or other type of terrain.
Sanming is well known by its beautiful nature landscape with different landforms, including uniqueDanxia Landformand abundantKarst topography.The most famous spots include globalgeoparkTaining Golden Lake inTaining County,Yuhua Cave inJiangle Countyand Goose Cave inNinghua County.
| Climate data for Sanming (1991–2020 normals, extremes 1981–2010) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 28.5 (83.3) |
34.4 (93.9) |
34.7 (94.5) |
35.5 (95.9) |
37.0 (98.6) |
37.9 (100.2) |
41.4 (106.5) |
41.0 (105.8) |
38.6 (101.5) |
35.8 (96.4) |
34.1 (93.4) |
29.1 (84.4) |
41.4 (106.5) |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 15.2 (59.4) |
17.5 (63.5) |
20.5 (68.9) |
25.6 (78.1) |
28.9 (84.0) |
31.5 (88.7) |
34.6 (94.3) |
34.0 (93.2) |
31.2 (88.2) |
26.9 (80.4) |
22.0 (71.6) |
16.7 (62.1) |
25.4 (77.7) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | 10.3 (50.5) |
12.3 (54.1) |
15.2 (59.4) |
20.0 (68.0) |
23.5 (74.3) |
26.3 (79.3) |
28.5 (83.3) |
28.0 (82.4) |
25.7 (78.3) |
21.4 (70.5) |
16.6 (61.9) |
11.5 (52.7) |
19.9 (67.9) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | 7.1 (44.8) |
8.8 (47.8) |
11.7 (53.1) |
16.1 (61.0) |
19.9 (67.8) |
22.8 (73.0) |
24.3 (75.7) |
24.1 (75.4) |
22.0 (71.6) |
17.5 (63.5) |
13.0 (55.4) |
8.1 (46.6) |
16.3 (61.3) |
| Record low °C (°F) | −3.8 (25.2) |
−2.5 (27.5) |
−1.8 (28.8) |
4.2 (39.6) |
9.6 (49.3) |
14.0 (57.2) |
20.0 (68.0) |
18.6 (65.5) |
13.1 (55.6) |
6.0 (42.8) |
0.4 (32.7) |
−5.8 (21.6) |
−5.8 (21.6) |
| Averageprecipitationmm (inches) | 69.4 (2.73) |
106.6 (4.20) |
185.9 (7.32) |
192.0 (7.56) |
264.6 (10.42) |
272.2 (10.72) |
147.9 (5.82) |
181.7 (7.15) |
98.2 (3.87) |
50.4 (1.98) |
63.9 (2.52) |
53.0 (2.09) |
1,685.8 (66.38) |
| Average precipitation days(≥ 0.1 mm) | 11.5 | 13.5 | 17.6 | 16.9 | 18.6 | 17.5 | 13.3 | 15.5 | 10.8 | 7.6 | 7.8 | 8.9 | 159.5 |
| Average snowy days | 0.3 | 0.2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.2 | 0.7 |
| Averagerelative humidity(%) | 77 | 77 | 79 | 78 | 79 | 80 | 74 | 76 | 76 | 73 | 76 | 76 | 77 |
| Mean monthlysunshine hours | 91.8 | 87.1 | 86.7 | 107.4 | 120.5 | 130.5 | 212.6 | 190.7 | 161.0 | 157.5 | 121.9 | 112.6 | 1,580.3 |
| Percentpossible sunshine | 28 | 27 | 23 | 28 | 29 | 32 | 51 | 48 | 44 | 44 | 38 | 35 | 36 |
| Source:China Meteorological Administration[3][4] | |||||||||||||
Demographics[edit]
According to the2010 Census,Sanming has a population of 2,503,338, 70,687 inhabitants less than in 2000 Census (the average annual population growth for the period 2000-2010 was of -0.28%).[5]The emigration of population from Sanming to other areas of Fu gian is a constant process, even encouraged by government politics since the 1960s.
Administration[edit]
Theprefecture-level cityof Sanming administers 2districts,1county-level city,8counties.The information here presented is in km2and using data from 2010 Census.
| Map | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Name | Chinese | Pinyin | Foochow | Area | Population | Density |
| Sanyuan District | Tam nguyên khu | Sānyuán Qū | Săng-nguòng-kṳ̆ | 1156 | 375,497 | 324 |
| Shaxian District | Sa huyện khu | Shāxiàn Qū | Să-gâing-kṳ̆ | 1,815 | 226,669 | 125 |
| Yong'an City | Vĩnh An thị | Yǒng'ān Shì | Īng-ăng-chê | 2,941 | 347,042 | 118 |
| Mingxi County | Minh khê huyện | Míngxī Xiàn | Mìng-kă̤-gâing | 1,704 | 102,667 | 60 |
| Qingliu County | Thanh lưu huyện | Qīngliú Xiàn | Chĭng-liù-gâing | 1,825 | 136,248 | 75 |
| Ninghua County | Ninh hóa huyện | Nínghuà Xiàn | Nìng-huá-gâing | 2,381 | 272,443 | 114 |
| Datian County | Cánh đồng huyện | Dàtián Xiàn | Duâi-dièng-gâing | 2,294 | 311,631 | 136 |
| Youxi County | Vưu khê huyện | Yóuxī Xiàn | Iù-kă̤-gâing | 3,425 | 352,067 | 103 |
| Jiangle County | Đem nhạc huyện | Jiānglè Xiàn | Ciŏng-lŏk-gâing | 2,247 | 148,867 | 66 |
| Taining County | Thái ninh huyện | Tàiníng Xiàn | Tái-nìng-gâing | 1,534 | 110,278 | 72 |
| Jianning County | Kiến Ninh huyện | Jiànníng Xiàn | Gióng-nìng-gâing | 1,742 | 119,979 | 69 |
History[edit]
In 1940 Sanyuan County was established. In 1956, Mingxi and Sanyuan Counties were combined to Sanming County, then in 1960 it was replaced with Sanming city.[6]
Environment and tourism[edit]
Sanming has four well preserved and protected National Parks. The city was labeled as the most "green" city of the most "green" province in China.
Da Jin Hu,which is the most famous tourist spot in Sanming, is also well known as Taining Gorden LakeGeoparkmarked byUNESCO.The Geopark is famous for its uniqueDanxia Landform.The lake situated inside Taining County at the south end of Wuyi Mountain is the major State-level place of scenic beauty with the length of 60-plus kilometres and water area of more than 50 thousand mu. The best tour season of Taining Jinhu Lake is from April to October each year.
Besides, there are quite a number of places of historic interest and scenic beauty which include the State-level Taining Jinhu Lake, Yong-an Taoyuan Cave--------Linying Stone Forest, and the provincial level Jiangle Yuhua Cave, Sha Xian Qixian Cave, Ninghua Tian-er Cave and Meilie Ruiyun Mountain in Sanming. The natural reserves in Jiangle Longxi mountain, Xingkou Geshikao, Shaxian Nanmu Forest and Yong-an Tianbao Rock have been well known for the rare animals. The ancient architectural structure in Taining, Shibi Village, the originating place of the Hakkas in Ninghua and the birthplace of Zhu Xi in Youxi have all been noticeable both in China and overseas.
Yong-an Taoyuan Cave, situated by Yan River on the north of Yong-an City, is a major State-level place of scenic beauty with an area of 10 kilometres.
Linying Stone Forest, a marvellous spectacle located in Dahu Village 13 kilometres (8.1 mi) northwest of Yong-an City, is a State-level major place of scenic beauty with a total area of 1.21 square kilometres (0.47 sq mi).
The architectural structure group built in the ancient Ming Dynasty situated at the center of the urban district of Taining County is a State-level cultural relics under protection, having a high value in studying the ancient Chinese architecture, especially that in the Ming Dynasty.
The city is served bySanming Shaxian Airport.
Sanming Universityis the sole university in Sanming.
Cuisine[edit]
Local food style in Sanming City normally includes various snacks especially the famous Sha County Snacks. Sha County snack is one of well-known snack styles in China, which can be found in hundreds of cities around mainland China.
Sha Countysnacks have a long history and are known to be living artifacts of the Han people's food culture.
Currently, 39 varieties ofSha Countysnacks have been labeled as "Famous Chinese Snacks" and 63 kinds as "Famous Fu gian Snacks." The China Cuisine Association awarded Sha County the title of "Snack Culture City “in China on December 8, 2006.
The production process ofSha Countysnacks was listed in Fu gianintangible cultural heritagein 2007, and has been declared a national intangible cultural heritage. Representing Fu gian, Sha County snacks are also available on the Chinese Food Street at the Shanghai 2010 World Expo.
BesidesSha Countysnacks,Yong'ansnacks andNinghua Countysnacks attract local people a lot as well.
Twin towns – sister cities[edit]
References[edit]
- ^Phúc Kiến tỉnh thống kê cục, quốc gia thống kê cục Phúc Kiến điều tra tổng đội (August 2021).《 Phúc Kiến thống kê niêm giám －2021》.Trung Quốc thống kê nhà xuất bản.ISBN978-7-5037-9510-7.Archived fromthe originalon 2022-03-01.Retrieved2021-12-23.
- ^the Office of Local Records of Sanming Government."Natural Environment of Sanming".Sanming Government.
- ^Trung Quốc khí tượng số liệu võng – WeatherBk Data(in Simplified Chinese).China Meteorological Administration.Retrieved23 June2023.
- ^ Trung Quốc khí tượng số liệu võng(in Simplified Chinese).China Meteorological Administration.Retrieved23 June2023.
- ^(in Chinese)Compilation by LianXin website.Data from the Sixth National Population Census of the People's Republic of ChinaArchived2012-03-25 at theWayback Machine
- ^the Office of Local Records of Sanming Government."History of Sanming".Sanming Government.
- ^"Lansing, Michigan".Sister Cities International.Retrieved26 April2014.
External links[edit]
| International | |
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| National | |
