Sanpei Shirato
Sanpei Shirato | |
|---|---|
Bạch thổ tam bình | |
| Born | Noboru Okamoto February 15, 1932 Tokyo,Japan |
| Died | October 8, 2021(aged 89) Tokyo, Japan |
| Occupation(s) | Manga artist,essayist |
| Years active | 1957–1987 |
| Notable work | |
| Awards | 4th Kodansha Children's Manga Award |
| Part of a series on |
| Animeandmanga |
|---|
 |
 Anime and manga portal |
Noboru Okamoto(Japanese:Cương bổn đăng,Hepburn:Okamoto Noboru,February 15, 1932 – October 8, 2021),known by the pen nameSanpei Shirato(Bạch thổ tam bình,Shirato Sanpei),was a Japanesemanga artistandessayistknown for hissocial criticismas well as the realism of his drawing style and the characters in his scenarios. He is considered a pioneer of the controversialgekigagenre of adult-oriented manga.[1]
The son of the Japanese proletarian painter Toki Okamoto, his dream to become an artist equal with his father started when he became akamishibaiartist. He is also known for his work published in the early issues of the manga anthology magazineGaroin 1964, which he began publishing so as to serialize his comicKamui.
Life
[edit]Early life
[edit]Shirato was born inTokyo,Japan, to painterTōki Okamoto.In Shirato's childhood, his father was active in theproletarian culturemovement and contributed, among others, to the satirical magazineTokyo Puck.DuringWorld War II,his father faced prosecution due to his leftist beliefs. He saw the tortured corpse of proletarian leaderTakiji Kobayashiin 1933 and created a painting of his death mask.[2]As Shirato grew up, he experienced the rancor of the war years, and it is said that these grim emotions come out in thenihilisticsociety portrayed in his works.
Shirato developed his artistic style through painting picture-card shows (kamishibai) after finishing middle school at 18. He was influenced by theukiyo-eof the pre-Meiji period, but differed in his portrayal of action in a multi-panel "slow motion" style unique to his manga.[3]His style of action portrayal came from the tension building techniques inherent in the performance aspect ofkamishibai.
Manga career
[edit]Shirato started his career as a professional manga artist in 1957 in thekashi-honmarket. At first, he created commercialshōjo manga,depicting themes likeracism in Japanand theatomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki.[2]
From 1959 until 1962, he publishedNinja Bugeichō(Ninja Martial Arts Handbook), a historically-based ninja-themed manga that captured the attention of students and intellectuals of the time.[4]This violent epic tale set in Japan's "Warring States" (Sengoku) period was seen by many readers and critics as a thinly-veiled allegory for the ongoingAnpo protestsagainst theUS-Japan Security Treaty(although Shirato himself later denied this was his intention).[4]Regardless of Shirato's true intentions, the manga seemed to correspond to the feelings and experiences student protesters were going through at the time, andNinja Bugeichōdeveloped an avid following among left-leaning student activists.[4]Because its adult themes and graphic violence,Ninja Bugeichōhas been cited as one of the first examples ofgekiga,or serious manga aimed specifically at adult audiences rather than children.[1]
Together withKatsuichi Nagai,in 1964 he co-founded the manga magazineGaro,which became an important platform forgekigaandalternative mangain general. Shirato served as an editor in the first years of the magazine.[2]Kamui Den,the first series published inGaro,can be considered his most important manga work. It is the story of Kamui, a ninja who leaves an organization that pursues him and clearly sees the true nature of theEdo periodand the discrimination that existed in the feudal system. Shirato's works are primarily historical dramas that focus onninja,present a historical record of Japan, and criticize oppression, discrimination, and exploitation.
Shirato founded the production company Akame ( "Red Eyes" ), which worked withGoseki Kojima,his brother Tetsuji Okamoto, Haruo Koyama and others. They created a community space for manga artists.[5]
Death
[edit]He died on October 8, 2021, at the age of 89 due toaspiration pneumonia.[6]The news of his death was announced by the editorial department ofBig Comicon October 26, 2021. It was also reported that his brother Tetsuji Okamoto(Cương bổn thiết nhị thị,Okamoto Tetsuji)died four days later ofinterstitial pneumonia.[7]
Reception and legacy
[edit]Some of Shirato's work have been adapted as anime series and films, includingNinja Bugeichō,adapted byNagisa OshimaasBand of Ninjain 1967, an unusual film consisting only of images from the manga and voiceovers with no animation. His mangaSasukewas adapted into an anime series from 1968 until 1969.[8]
Some works have received attention in the United States, such asKamui Gaiden(1982–2000), which was partially translated in 1987 byViz MediaasThe Legend of Kamui,but most of his work remain relatively unknown outside Japan.
In 1963, he won the Kodansha Children's Manga Award forSeton's Wild AnimalsandSasuke.[9]
Shirato had a big influence on other manga artists, among themHayao Miyazaki,[10]Masashi Kishimoto[11]andYōko Kondō,[12]and American comic artistGeof Darrow.[13]Manga critic Natsume Fusanosuke says his influence on manga history is on par withOsamu Tezuka,Shotaro IshinomoriandTakao Saitofor creating new standards in the manga industry with his production company.[5]Gekigaartist Goseki Kojima worked as an assistant for Shirato.[14]
Works
[edit]| Title | Year | Notes | Refs |
|---|---|---|---|
| Kogarashi Kenshi(こがらし kiếm sĩ ) | 1957 | ||
| Shiryō( chết linh ) | 1958 | ||
| Kieyuku Shōjo( tiêu え hành く thiếu nữ ) | 1959 | ||
| Ninja Bugeichō( ninja võ vân trướng ) | 1959–1962 | Published by Sanyōsha in 17 vol. | [5] |
| Kaze no Ishimaru( phong の thạch hoàn ) | 1960 | ||
| Seton's Wild Animals(シートン động vật nhớ,Shīton Dōbutsuki) | 1961–1962 | Serialized inShōgaku Rokunensei Published byShogakukanin 3 vol. |
|
| Sasuke | 1961–1967 | Serialized inShōnen Published by Seirindō in 20 vol. |
|
| Haiiroguma no Denki( màu xám hùng の vân nhớ ) | 1964 | Published by Seirindō in 2 vol. | |
| Kamui Den(カムイ vân ) | 1964–1971 | Serialized inGaro Published by Seirindō in 21 vol. |
[15] |
| Watari(ワタリ) | 1965–1966 | Serialized inWeekly Shōnen Magazine Published by Kodansha in 7 vol. |
[16] |
| The Legend of Kamui(カムイ ngoại vân,Kamui Gaiden) | 1965–1967 | Serialized inWeekly Shōnen Sunday Published by Shogakukan in 2 vol. |
[15] |
| Shinwa Densetsu Series( thần thoại vân nói シリーズ) | 1974–1980 | Serialized inBig GoldandBig Comic | [17] |
| Josei Series( nữ tinh シリーズ) | 1979–1981 | Serialized inBig Comic | [17] |
| Kamui Gaiden Dai-ni-bu(カムイ ngoại vân đệ nhị bộ ) | 1982–1987 | Serialized inBig Comic Published by Shogakukan in 20 vol. |
|
| Kamui Den Dai-ni-bu(カムイ vân đệ nhị bộ ) | 1988–2000 | Illustrated by Tetsuji Okamoto Serialized inBig Comic Published by Shogakukan in 22 vol. |
References
[edit]
- ^abKapur, Nick (2018).Japan at the Crossroads: Conflict and Compromise after Anpo.Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press. p. 176.ISBN9780674988484.
- ^abcSuzuki, Shige (CJ) (2023). "Gekiga, or Japanese Alternative Comics. The Mediascape of Japanese Counterculture". In Freedman, Alisa (ed.).Introducing Japanese popular culture(2 ed.). London; New York: Routledge, Taylor & Francis Group. pp. 306–307.ISBN978-1-003-30215-5.
- ^Tsurumi, Shunsuke.A Cultural History of Postwar Japan.Columbia University Press. 1987. First Published in Japanese by Iwanami Shoten, Tokyo, 1984.
- ^abcKapur 2018,p. 180
- ^abcFusanosuke, Natsume (December 2, 2021)."Remembering Two Titans of Manga: Shirato Sanpei and Saitō Takao".The Comics Journal.RetrievedMarch 22,2024.
- ^"Truyện tranh gia の bạch thổ tam bình さん chết đi 89 tuế “サスケ” や “カムイ vân” など ".nhk.or.jp(in Japanese).RetrievedOctober 25,2021.
- ^"“カムイ vân” bạch thổ tam bình さんが chết đi, 89 tuế vẽ tranh の đệ cương bổn thiết nhị さんも４ ngày sau chết đi ".nikkansports(in Japanese).RetrievedOctober 25,2021.
- ^"Kabushiki gaisha エイケン オフィシャルサイト".eiken-anime.jp(in Japanese).RetrievedMarch 22,2024.
- ^Giảng nói xã nhi đồng まんが thưởng(in Japanese). ZTV Comic Lab.RetrievedDecember 28,2008.
- ^McCarthy, Helen (1999).Hayao Miyazaki: Master of Japanese Animation(2002 ed.). Stone Bridge Press. p. 27.ISBN978-1-880656-41-9.
- ^"Interview: Tracking Down the Source".Shonen Jump Naruto Collector 3.Viz Media. August 2007.
- ^Ikeda, Hajime (January 25, 2018). "Nīgata-shi mangakka kondō yōko-san 60".Yomiuri Shimbun.
- ^McConnell, Robin (December 1, 2011)."Running with Giants – Geof Darrow Interview in Full Text".Inkstuds.Archivedfrom the original on January 8, 2012.
- ^"デジタル bản Nhật Bản người danh đại từ điển +Plus “Tiểu đảo mới vừa tịch” の giải thích ".kotobank(in Japanese).RetrievedAugust 22,2021.
- ^ab"Drawn & Quarterly Licenses Sanpei Shirato's The Legend of Kamuy Manga for 1st English Release".Anime News Network.March 21, 2024.RetrievedMarch 21,2024.
- ^"メディア vân thuật データベース".mediaarts-db.artmuseums.go.jp.RetrievedMarch 21,2024.
- ^ab"Bạch thổ tam bình hội văn học - thần thoại vân nói シリーズ・ nữ tinh シリーズ sơ ra kỹ càng tỉ mỉ".asa8.RetrievedMarch 29,2024.
