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Sequoia Capital

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Sequoia Capital Operations, LLC
Company typePrivate
IndustryVenture capital
Founded1972;52 years ago(1972)
FounderDon Valentine
Headquarters
Menlo Park,California
,
U.S.
Area served
United States, Southeast Asia, India, China, Israel
Key people
ProductsInvestments
AUMUS$85 billion(2022)
Websitesequoiacap

Sequoia Capitalis an Americanventure capitalfirm headquartered inMenlo Park, Californiawhich specializes in seed stage, early stage, and growth stage investments in private companies across technology sectors.[1]As of 2022,the firm had approximately US$85 billion in assets under management.[2][3]

Sequoia is an umbrella brand for three different venture entities: one focused on the United States and Europe, another on India and Southeast Asia, and a third on China.[4]

Notable successful investments made by the firm includeApple,ByteDance,andCisco.[5][6][7]

History[edit]

Sequoia was founded byDon Valentinein 1972 in Menlo Park, California,[8][9][10]at a time when the state's venture capital industry was just beginning to develop.[11][12]

Sequoia formed its first venture capital fund in 1974,[11][13]and was an early investor inAtarithe next year.[14][15][16]In 1978, Sequoia became one of the first investors inApple.[15][17][18]PartnersDoug LeoneandMichael Moritzassumed leadership of the firm in 1996.[14][19]

In 1999, Sequoia established a dedicated investment fund for Israeli startups.[20][11]In 2005, Sequoia Capital China was established,[21]later followed by Sequoia Capital India.[22]

In 2012, Moritz took a step back from the day-to-day operations of the firm.[23]Leone became Global Managing Partner.[24][25]Jim Goetzled Sequoia's US business from 2012 until 2017, when he was succeeded byRoelof Botha.[26]

In 2016, Sequoia hiredJess Lee,making her the first female investing partner in the United States in the firm's history.[27][28]

In 2019, it was the most activeVC fundcompany in India.[29]

In March 2020, Sequoia announced it would hire Luciana Lixandru as its first partner based in Europe.[30][31]

In October 2021, Sequoia announced it would implement a new fund structure for its U.S. and European business that would allow it to remain involved with companies after their public market debuts.[32][33][34]

In March 2022,The Informationreported that Sequoia Capital China was raising an $8 billion fund to invest in Chinese tech companies.[35]

Following thecollapse of Silicon Valley Bankin March 2023, theFederal Deposit Insurance Corporationhad backstopped Sequoia's $1billion in deposits in the bank.[36]

In June 2023, Sequoia announced plans to break up into three entities citing complications running a decentralized global investment business in the middle of geopolitical tensions.[37]Following the separation, expected to complete by March 2024, the Chinese business led byNeil Shenwould be calledHongShan( "sequoia" in Mandarin) and the Indian and Southeast Asia arm would be named Peak XV Partners. The U.S. and Europe unit would retain the Sequoia name.[38]In July 2023, Sequoia announced to cut one-third of its talent staff as part of an organizational restructuring.[39]In October 2023, theUnited States House Select Committee on Strategic Competition between the United States and the Chinese Communist Partyannounced a probe into Sequoia Capital's investments in China.[40]

As of at least 2024, Sequoia is the largest investor inChina's consumer internet sector.[41]: 94 It has often used a strategy of investing in several competitors in the same sector and then later pushing for their consolidation.[41]: 94–95 According toChinese media,Sequoia was one of the major influences in mergers betweenMeituanandDianping,betweenUber ChinaandDidi,and between VShop and Lefenghui.[41]: 95 

Investments[edit]

Sequoia Capital is structured as alimited liability company.[42]Investors, referred to as limited partners, contribute money to a fund that the firm's general partners then invest in business ventures.[43][44]Its limited partners have primarily been university endowments, charitable foundations, and other large institutions.[45][46][47]

Sequoia specializes in seed stage,[48]early stage,[48]and growth stage[49]investments in private technology companies,[50]including those in the clean tech, consumer internet, crypto, financial services, healthcare, mobile, and robotics sectors.[42][51][52]The firm has been often recognized for its strong track record of early investments.[53][54]The firm has also distinguished itself from other top venture capital firms by diversifying its investments and not just focusing on U.S. early-stage venture capital.[49][11][55]

Sequoia is an umbrella brand for three different venture entities: one focused on the U.S. and Europe, another on India and Southeast Asia, and a third on China.[56]Following the June 2023 announcement to make the three entities independent, from 2024 the ventures would no longer share investors or profits.[57][37]

A notable opportunity missed by Sequoia was the failure to invest inFacebookin its early days c. 2005;John Naughtonsuggested that this failure led to "fear of missing out"and may have contributed to Sequoia's investing heavily in FTX in 2022, prior to its collapse in 2023.[58]

In 2019, Sequoia made more new seed-stage investments than Series A deals.[59]That same year, Hurun Research Institute identified Sequoia as the world's topunicorninvestor, noting it had invested in one in five of all private companies valued at $1 billion or more.[60][61]

In July 2021, Sequoia published a piece about "the Latin American startup opportunity" that signaled it would increase its focus there.[62][63]

In October 2021, Sequoia announced the Sequoia Capital Fund, a new fund structure for its U.S. and European business.[64]The fund structure is unique for VC funds as they are typically funds with a 10-year fund cycle instead of an open-ended evergreen fund.[65]The Sequoia fund will no longer need to sell or distribute stock as in the usual VC fund cycle. Instead, limited partners who want liquidity can pull money out of the fund.[66]Sequoia also announced it would become aRIAwhich would allow the firm more flexibility in its investments.[65]

In February 2022, Sequoia raised a $600 million Sequoia Crypto Fund. As one of the first sub-funds of Sequoia Capital Fund, the crypto fund will mainly invest in cryptocurrencies traded on third-party exchanges.[67]

In June 2022, Sequoia announced that it had raised $2.85 billion in additional funds to invest in India and Southeast Asia.[68]The amount of funds raised is also the largest to date for the company in both India and Southeast Asia.[69]

In June 2023, the firm led a Seed round funding of $5.7 million for Defense startup, Mach Industries.[70]

In July 2023, it reduced the size of its cryptocurrency fund from $585 million to $200 million, and shifted focus to young start-ups after an industry crash.[71]

In 2023, Sequoia launched its Open Source Fellowship to fund up to three open source developers annually via a equity-free fellowship.[72]

In July 2024, the firm led a Series B funding round funding of $77M million for Fireworks AI.[73]

Notable investments
Year Companies
2020s BitClout,[74]Bolt,[75]FTX,[76]Wiz,[77]Loom,[78]Shein,[79]StrongDM[80]
2010s 23andMe,[81]StarkWare Industries,[82]Instacart,[83]Klarna,[84]Nubank,[85]Snowflake,[86]Stripe,[53]WhatsApp,[53]UiPath,[87]ByteDance,[88]Pinduoduo[89]
2000s Airbnb,[53]Palo Alto Networks,[90]ServiceNow,[91]Unity Technologies,[92]YouTube[93]
1970s–1990s Apple,[53]Cisco,[53]Google,[53]Nvidia,[94]Webvan[6]

Investment in FTX[edit]

Sequoia Capital along with other notable venture capital investors made an investment in thecryptocurrency exchangeFTX,founded bySam Bankman-Fried.[95][96][97][98]Sequoia was very enthusiastic about FTX, and published an article which was a glowing tribute to Bankman-Fried[99](since deleted) on its website on 22 September 2022.[58][100]

FTX failed in 2023, with about $8 billion of investors' money missing, and Bankman-Fried was convicted of fraud. The value of Sequoia's investment in FTX was ultimately written down to $0; it is estimated that they lost $214 million on their investment.[101]The company released a notice to investors, stating that their stake in FTX represented a small amount of their investment portfolio.[102]They also removed the profile of Bankman-Fried from their website.[103][104][105]

Programs and partnerships[edit]

In 2009, Sequoia launched its scout program, which functions as an individual investor network that provides founders and other individuals with capital to invest in promising early-stage startups.[106][107]Sequoia Scouts have invested in over 1,000 companies.[108]Sequoia was the first venture capital firm to offer a scout program, and the model has since been emulated by others in the industry.[106][107]

In December 2020, Sequoia expanded the scout program to Europe.[109]

In 2021, Sequoia partnered on the BLCK VC Scout Network to provide training and education to current and aspiring Black scouts.[108]

In March 2022, Sequoia launched Arc, a structured program in which participants receive $1 million in funding to work with Sequoia partners in both London and Silicon Valley.[110]

References[edit]

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External links[edit]

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