Serbi–Mongolic languages

Serbi–Mongolic
Serbi–Mongolic
Xianbei–Mongolic; Mongolic–Khitan
(tentative)
Geographic; distribution	Mongolia,northern China,Lake Baikalregion
Linguistic classification	proposed language family
Subdivisions	Mongolic; Para-Mongolic†;
Language codes
Glottolog	mong1349

Serbi–Mongolic^{[note 1]}is a proposed group of languages that includes theMongolic languagesas well as thePara-Mongolic languages,a proposed extinct sister branch of the Mongolic languages.^[1]

Names

Serbi(*serbi) is Shimunek's reconstruction for the historical ethnonymXianbei(Tiên Bi).^[1]

InGlottolog4.4, the languages are referred to asMongolic–Khitan.^[2]

Below is a preliminary classification of the Serbi–Mongolic languages in Shimunek (2017:35):^[1]

Serbi–Mongolic
- Mongolic^[3]^[4]
  - Central Mongolic languages
    - Eastern Central Mongolic
    - Oirat
      - Kalmyk
    - Ordos Mongolian
  - Southern Mongolic languages
    - Shirongolic
      - Mongour
      - Dongxiang
      - Bonan
      - Santa
      - Kangjia
    - Shira Yugur
  - Daur
  - Moghol
- Serbi–Awar (=Juha Janhunen's "Para-Mongolic"^[5])
  - Awar (Avar)(WuhuanÔ Hoàn or Wuwan ô hoàn )
  - Old Serbi(Common Serbi)
    - Ch’i-fu/QifuKhất phục (northernEarly Middle Chinese/NEMC *kʰɨrbuwk)
    - Tuan/DuanĐoạn (NEMC *dɔr̃)
    - Tabghach
    - Tuyuhun/T’u-yü-hun (Mu-jung/MurongMộ Dung )
    - Kitanic (Yü-wen/YuwenVũ Văn )
      - OldKitan
      - QayHề (NEMC *ɣay)
      - Shirwiproper thất Vi (*širwi/*širβi < *serbi Tiên Bi 'Xianbei')

Phonological innovations from Common Serbi–Mongolic (i.e., Proto-Serbi–Mongolic) to Proto-Mongolic and Proto-Serbi are (Shimunek 2017:415):^[1]

^also known as Mongolic–Khitan, Mongolo-Khitanic, Khitano-Mongolic and Macro-Mongolic

^^a ^b ^c ^dShimunek, Andrew (2017).Languages of Ancient Southern Mongolia and North China: a Historical-Comparative Study of the Serbi or Xianbei Branch of the Serbi-Mongolic Language Family, with an Analysis of Northeastern Frontier Chinese and Old Tibetan Phonology.Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz Verlag.ISBN 978-3-447-10855-3.OCLC 993110372.
^Mongolic-Khitan.Glottolog4.4. Accessed 2021-09-29.
^Janhunen (2006:232–233)
^Nugteren (2011)
^Janhunen, Juha (2003a). "Proto-Mongolic". In Janhunen, Juha (ed.).The Mongolic languages.Routledge.ISBN 9780700711338.

Janhunen, Juha (2006). "Mongolic languages". In Brown, K. (ed.).The encyclopedia of language & linguistics.Amsterdam: Elsevier. pp. 231–234.
Nugteren, Hans (2011).Mongolic Phonology and the Qinghai-Gansu Languages(Ph.D. thesis). Netherlands Graduate School of Linguistics / Landelijke – LOT.