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Shaoyang

Coordinates:27°14′22″N111°28′04″E/ 27.2395°N 111.4679°E/27.2395; 111.4679
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
For other uses, seeShaoyang County.
Shaoyang
Thiệu Dương
Prefecture-level city
Shuifu Temple(Thủy phủ miếu)
Wangxi Falls( vượng khê thác nước )
Wei YuanStatue( Ngụy nguyên tượng đồng )
Nanshan National Park(Nam Sơn quốc gia công viên)
Location of Shaoyang City jurisdiction in Hunan
Location of Shaoyang City jurisdiction in Hunan
Shaoyang is located in Hunan
Shaoyang
Shaoyang
Location of the city centre in Hunan
Coordinates (Shaoyang municipal government):27°14′22″N111°28′04″E/ 27.2395°N 111.4679°E/27.2395; 111.4679
CountryPeople's Republic of China
ProvinceHunan
County-level divisions
  • 3 districts
  • 1 county-level city
  • 7 counties
  • 1 autonomous county
Township-level divisions
  • 21 subdistricts
  • 97 towns
  • 78 townships
  • 21 ethnic townships
Village-level divisions
  • 335 residential communities
  • 5,551 villages
Municipal seatDaxiang District
Area
•Prefecture-level city20,829.63 km2(8,042.37 sq mi)
• Urban
436.0 km2(168.3 sq mi)
• Metro
2,199 km2(849 sq mi)
Population
(2020 census)[1]
•Prefecture-level city6,563,520
• Density320/km2(820/sq mi)
•Urban
802,230
• Urban density1,800/km2(4,800/sq mi)
•Metro
1,415,173
• Metro density640/km2(1,700/sq mi)
GDP[2]
•Prefecture-level cityCN¥259.9 trillion
US$38.6 billion
• Per capitaCN¥ 31,816
US$ 4,731
Time zoneUTC+8(China Standard)
Postal code
422000
Area code0739
ISO 3166 codeCN-HN-05
Licence plate prefixesTương E
Administrative division code430500

Shaoyang(simplified Chinese:Thiệu Dương;traditional Chinese:Thiệu Dương;pinyin:Shàoyáng), formerly namedBaoqing(Paoking) (Chinese:Bảo khánh), is aprefecture-level cityin southwesternHunanprovince, China, borderingGuangxito the south. It has a history of 2500 years and remains an important commercial and transportation city in Hunan. As of the2020 Chinese census,its total population was 6,563,520 inhabitants, of whom 1,415,173 lived in the built-up (or metro) area made of three urban districts and Xinshao County largely conurbated.

One of the major forest areas in Hunan, Shaoyang has a forest coverage of 42.7%. The 23,000,000-acre (93,000 km2) NanShan Pastures is one of the biggest inSouth Central Chinaand provide dairy products and meat for Hunanese.

Shaoyang is home toShaoyang University.The school is composed of the former Shaoyang Normal College and Shaoyang College.

The Shaoyang dialect of Lou Shao group of dialects ofXiangis generally spoken here.

History

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During the laterSpring and Autumnperiod, official Bai Shan ( bạch thiện ) ofChuused to construct a city named Baigong ( bạch công thành ) in Shaoyang. After theFirst emperorofQinreunited China, Shaoyang was under jurisdiction of ChangshaCommandery,one of thirty-six Commandery in the empire. Under theEastern Han dynasty,Shaoyang was administered by Linling Commandery. During theThree Kingdomsera, northern part of Linling including today Shaoyang city was divided from it and designated new Zhaoling commandery ( chiêu lăng ). FollowingWestern Jin reunited Wuin 280 (or first year of Taikang era),emperor Wuchanged the Commandery's name Zhaoling to Shaoling ( Thiệu lăng ) to avoidtabooof his father (Sima Zhao, Tư Mã Chiêu ). Under theSouthern Songperiod, Shao Prefecture was renamed and promoted Baoqing-fubyLizong,whom used to take charge of Shao Prefecture defender ( Thiệu châu phòng ngự sử ) when he was prince. The term "Baoqing" was used until 17 years ofRepublic of China(1928), when it was renamed Shaoyang County. AftercommunistwonChinese Civil War,Shaoyang city was established in 1950.[3]

Climate

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Shaoyang has amonsoon-influenced, four-seasonhumid subtropical climate(KöppenCfa), with cool, damp winters, and hot, humid summers. Winter begins relatively dry but not sunny and becomes progressively damper and cloudier; spring brings both the most frequent and heaviest rain of the year. Summer is comparatively sunny, while autumn is somewhat dry. The monthly 24-hour average temperatures ranges from 5.2 °C (41.4 °F) in January to 28.2 °C (82.8 °F) in July, while the annual mean is 17.05 °C (62.7 °F). The annual precipitation is about 1,340 mm (53 in).

Climate data for Shaoyang, elevation 311 m (1,020 ft), (1991–2020 normals, extremes 1981–2010)
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Record high °C (°F) 24.3
(75.7) 		28.9
(84.0) 		35.9
(96.6) 		34.5
(94.1) 		36.2
(97.2) 		37.4
(99.3) 		39.5
(103.1) 		38.6
(101.5) 		37.1
(98.8) 		35.3
(95.5) 		33.0
(91.4) 		24.6
(76.3) 		39.5
(103.1)
Mean daily maximum °C (°F) 9.0
(48.2) 		11.7
(53.1) 		16.0
(60.8) 		22.4
(72.3) 		26.7
(80.1) 		29.6
(85.3) 		32.8
(91.0) 		32.5
(90.5) 		28.8
(83.8) 		23.3
(73.9) 		17.8
(64.0) 		11.7
(53.1) 		21.9
(71.3)
Daily mean °C (°F) 5.6
(42.1) 		7.9
(46.2) 		11.8
(53.2) 		17.7
(63.9) 		22.2
(72.0) 		25.5
(77.9) 		28.2
(82.8) 		27.6
(81.7) 		24.0
(75.2) 		18.7
(65.7) 		13.2
(55.8) 		7.7
(45.9) 		17.5
(63.5)
Mean daily minimum °C (°F) 3.1
(37.6) 		5.2
(41.4) 		8.8
(47.8) 		14.3
(57.7) 		18.7
(65.7) 		22.4
(72.3) 		24.6
(76.3) 		24.1
(75.4) 		20.6
(69.1) 		15.3
(59.5) 		9.8
(49.6) 		4.7
(40.5) 		14.3
(57.7)
Record low °C (°F) −10.5
(13.1) 		−6.0
(21.2) 		−0.6
(30.9) 		2.2
(36.0) 		9.6
(49.3) 		14.1
(57.4) 		18.1
(64.6) 		18.5
(65.3) 		12.2
(54.0) 		3.2
(37.8) 		−1.6
(29.1) 		−6.9
(19.6) 		−10.5
(13.1)
Averageprecipitationmm (inches) 67.7
(2.67) 		70.7
(2.78) 		132.7
(5.22) 		136.2
(5.36) 		181.9
(7.16) 		203.8
(8.02) 		147.4
(5.80) 		124.1
(4.89) 		63.3
(2.49) 		68.2
(2.69) 		70.2
(2.76) 		51.7
(2.04) 		1,317.9
(51.88)
Average precipitation days(≥ 0.1 mm) 14.5 14.1 17.9 16.3 15.9 14.8 11.0 11.8 8.2 10.1 10.9 11.0 156.5
Average snowy days 4.9 3.2 0.6 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1.5 10.2
Averagerelative humidity(%) 78 79 80 79 79 82 76 76 75 75 76 74 77
Mean monthlysunshine hours 60.4 61.3 79.7 111.4 135.8 139.5 224.5 204.8 149.2 124.5 114.8 93.4 1,499.3
Percentpossible sunshine 18 19 21 29 32 34 53 51 41 35 36 29 33
Source 1:China Meteorological Administration[4][5]
Source 2: Weather China[6]

Administrative divisions

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Map including Shaoyang (labeled as SHAO-YANG (PAOKING) (Walled)Thiệu Dương) (AMS,1954)

Shaoyang administers threedistricts,twocounty-level cities,sixcounties,and oneautonomous county.

Districts:

County-level City:

Counties:

Autonomous county:

Map

Demographics

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According to theSixth National Census in 2010,Shaoyang's permanent residence population of 7,071,741 ranked it 2nd out of 14 prefecture-level divisions of Hunan; the male-female ratio was 107.95 to 100. Educational attainment levels were as follows: 4.49% bachelor's or higher, 60.01% middle school (Sơ trung) or higher, and the illiteracy rate was 3.24%. There were 1,950,605 households in which 6,913,913 resided, forming 97.77% of the provincial population and resulting in an average of 3.54 persons/household. Age distribution was as follows: 1,512,664 (21.39%) ≤14 years, 4,862,468 (68.76%) 15−64 years, 696,609 (9.85%) 65+ years.

Shaoyang administrative and population data
Division Area[7]
(km2) 		Permanent residents[8]
(2010 Census) 		Hukoupermits[9]
(late 2009) 		Divisions[10]
Subdistricts Towns Townships Including
ethnic
townships 		Residential
communities 		Villages
SHAOYANG CITY 20,829.63 7,071,741 7,705,957 21 97 99 21 335 5551
Shuangqing District 137.08 307,980 270,458 6 2 4 54 63
Daxiang District 214.66 340,605 309,752 6 2 4 44 81
Beita District 84.39 104,609 87,714 2 3 14 40
Shaodong city 1,776.38 896,625 1,260,966 3 16 9 33 977
Xinshao County 1,762.97 743,073 764,905 11 4 28 652
Shaoyang County 1,996.88 915,600 999,148 12 10 23 633
Longhui County 2,871.16 1,095,392 1,156,917 15 11 2 41 964
Dongkou County 2184.01 770,473 833,003 10 12 3 23 566
Suining County 2,898.89 351,139 363,740 6 19 14 14 348
Xinning County 2,751.31 560,742 607,055 9 9 2 15 474
Chengbu Miao Autonomous County 2,619.76 250,633 267,921 6 5 21 271
Wugang City 1,532.15 734,870 784,378 4 8 9 25 482

Government

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Main article:Politics of Shaoyang

The current CPC Party Secretary of Shaoyang is Gong Congmi and the current Mayor is Liu Shiqing.

Transportation

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Railway

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Shaoyang has four main railway station: Shaoyang Railway Station (Thiệu Dương ga tàu hỏa) (Fast Train, K and Highspeed train, G), Shaoyang Railway Station (Thiệu Dương bắc lão ga tàu hỏa) (Old, North, Freight),Shaodong railway station[zh](Fast Train, K and Highspeed train, G) andShaoyang North railway station,in Xinshao County (Highspeed train, G and D). TheLoudi–Shaoyang railway[zh]andShanghai–Kunming high-speed railwaypass through Shaoyang.

Airport

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Shaoyang Wugang Airportwas opened on 28 June 2017.[11]It is located 9 kilometres (5.6 mi) north ofWugang,acounty-level cityunder the administration of Shaoyang, and 100 kilometres (62 mi) from the urban center of Shaoyang.[11]

The airport has a 2,600-meter runway and a 3,000-square-meter terminal building. It is projected to handle 250,000 passengers and 500 tons of cargo annually by 2020.[12]

Economy

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2011 Shaoyang GDP figures[13]
(GDP in millions CNY/USD; per capita GDP in CNY)
Division RMB USD Purchasing power
(USD)		 Growth (%) Percentage (%) Per capita GDP
SHAOYANG CITY 90,723 14,046 21,740 13.2 100 12,797
City proper 18,308 2,835 4,387 20.18
Shuangqing District 8,175.09 1,265.73 1,959.00 12.6 9.01
Daxiang District 8,063.65 1,248.47 1,932.29 15.2 8.89
Beita District 2,069.27 320.38 495.86 15.1 2.28 19,698
Outlying 76,358 11,822 18,298 84.17
Shaodong County 20,220.00 3,130.61 4,845.32 14.4 22.29 22,299
Xinshao County 7,429.81 1,150.34 1,780.41 13.6 8.19 9,998
Shaoyang County 8,108.55 1,255.43 1,943.05 12.2 8.94 7,796
Longhui County 9,332.00 1,444.85 2,236.23 11.6 10.29 8,499
Dongkou County 9,012.00 1,395.31 2,159.55 12.6 9.93 11,784
Suining County 5,018.45 776.99 1,202.57 12.2 5.53
Xinning County 5,307.47 821.74 1,271.83 11.7 5.85 9,425
Chengbu County 2,320.63 359.30 556.09 11.5 2.56 9,238
Wugang City 7,932.57 1,228.18 1,900.88 13.8 8.74 10,746

Although it is, by 2010 Census permanent resident population, the second-largest prefecture-level division of Hunan, its GDP (4.62% of provincial output) places it ninth within the province, making it an archetypal example of a large-population, relatively backwards-economy city. The GDP per capita of 12,797 CNY is the lowest in the province, and is only 42.9% of the provincial average, 36.5% of the national average, and 78% of evenGuizhou's corresponding figure.[13]Primary, secondary, and tertiary sectors respectively accounted for 23.9%, 38.2%, and 37.9% of the economy.

Noted residents

[edit]

Twin cities

[edit]

References

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  1. ^"China: Húnán (Prefectures, Cities, Districts and Counties) - Population Statistics, Charts and Map".
  2. ^"2022 năm Hồ Nam tỉnh các thị châu khu vực sinh sản tổng giá trị ( tam quý".
  3. ^"Lịch sử sâu xa"[History trace of Shaoyang].Government of Shaoyang.2022-08-12.Retrieved2022-08-28.
  4. ^Trung Quốc khí tượng số liệu võng – WeatherBk Data(in Simplified Chinese).China Meteorological Administration.Retrieved23 September2023.
  5. ^ "Experience Template"Trung Quốc khí tượng số liệu võng(in Simplified Chinese).China Meteorological Administration.Retrieved23 September2023.
  6. ^Thiệu Dương - khí tượng số liệu - Trung Quốc thời tiết võng(in Chinese). Weather China.Retrieved21 November2022.
  7. ^《 Thiệu Dương thị thổ địa lợi dụng tổng thể quy hoạch ( 2006-2020 năm ) 》[full citation needed]
  8. ^《 Thiệu Dương thị 2010 năm lần thứ sáu cả nước dân cư tổng điều tra chủ yếu số liệu công báo 》[full citation needed]
  9. ^《 Trung Hoa nhân dân nước cộng hoà cả nước phân huyện thị dân cư thống kê tư liệu 2009》[full citation needed]
  10. ^《 Trung Quốc dân chính thống kê niêm giám 2011》[full citation needed]
  11. ^abVõ cương sân bay thông tàu thuyền, Thiệu Dương tân thêm không trung hành lang.Sina.29 June 2017.
  12. ^Tân kiến Hồ Nam Thiệu Dương võ cương sân bay hoạch ý kiến phúc đáp đầu tư 9.57 trăm triệu nguyên(in Chinese). Carnoc. 2013-08-09.Retrieved2013-08-16.
  13. ^ab2011 niên độ các khu huyện thị thống kê công báo.Shaoyang Statistical Bureau.Archived2009-01-06 at theWayback Machine). 2011 conversion from CNY to USD according to the-then exchange rate of 6.4588 CNY/1 USD,purchasing powerbased on an April 2012 report that used an exchange rate of 4.1731 CNY/1Geary–Khamis dollar(Intl. $).
  14. ^Pearson, George."Snapshots of China: Shaoyang Hospital, Hunan (1946)".Youtube.BFI National Archive.Archivedfrom the original on 2021-12-21.Retrieved16 October2020.
  15. ^Council, British."Justin Hill".British Council.Retrieved16 October2020.
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