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Siliguri

Coordinates:26°43′N88°26′E/ 26.71°N 88.43°E/26.71; 88.43
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Siliguri
Silīguḍī
Shiliguri
Metropolis
Clockwise from top left:
Siliguri aerial view, Science centre entrance, Ewam India Monastery in Siliguri,Sukna forest,Teesta river, Siliguri art in clock tower, Siliguri city centre,Sevoke bridge,Kanchenjungamountain from Siliguri, Toy train in Siliguri, Siliguri traffic road
Nickname(s):
Gateway to the Dooars,Gateway of Northeast India,City of Hospitality[1]
Siliguri is located in West Bengal
Siliguri
Siliguri
Location in West Bengal
Siliguri is located in India
Siliguri
Siliguri
Location in India
Coordinates:26°43′N88°26′E/ 26.71°N 88.43°E/26.71; 88.43
CountryIndia
StateWest Bengal
District
No. ofWards47[2]
Government
• TypeMunicipal corporation
• BodySiliguri Municipal Corporation
• MayorGoutam Deb
• Deputy mayorRanjan Sarkar
•Police CommissionerAkhilesh Chaturvedi, IPS
• Sub Divisional officerPriyanka Singh, IAS
Area
[4][5]
• Urban
[4]
157 km2(61 sq mi)
• Metro
[6]
2,222 km2(858 sq mi)
• Rank3rdinWest Bengal
Highest elevation
140 m (460 ft)
Lowest elevation
114 m (374 ft)
Population
(2011)[5][7]
•Metropolis513,264[3]
• Rank3rdinWest Bengal
•Urban
[8]
701,489
• City rank
90thinIndia
Languages
• OfficialBengali[9][10]
• Additional officialEnglish[9]
Time zoneUTC+5:30(IST)
PIN
734 001-734 015 (city limits), 734 401-734 436(suburbs), 735 133-735 135
Telephone code0353, 0354
Vehicle registrationWB 73/74
Lok SabhaconstituencyDarjeeling,Jalpaiguri
Literacy85.46%[11]
Sex ratio1000♂/951♀[11]
Vidhan SabhaconstituencySiliguri,Dabgram-Phulbari,Matigara-Naxalbari,Phansidewa
PoliceSiliguri Police Commissionerate
Websitewww.siligurismc.in,www.siliguri.gov.in
1The coordinates given here are in metric system and based upon the Microsoft Encarta Reference Library Map Center 2005 2The Vehicle Code given here is based upon the Siliguri Sub-Divisional Court, Darjeeling District Court and Jalpaiguri District Court documentations.

Siliguri(/sɪˈliˌɡʊri/Bengali:[ˈʃiliɡuɽi]ⓘ), also known asShiliguri,[12][13]is a major tier-II city inWest Bengal.It forms"Twin Cities"with the neighbouring district capital ofJalpaiguri.The city spans areas of theDarjeelingandJalpaiguri districtsin the Indianstateof West Bengal. Known as the"Gateway of Northeast India",[1][14]Siliguri is popular for three Ts: tea, timber and tourism.[15]It is located on the banks of theMahananda Riverand theTeesta Riverat the foothills of theHimalayas.[16]Siliguri is thethirdlargesturban agglomerationin West Bengal, afterKolkataandAsansol.[17][18]

Siliguri has great strategic importance in West Bengal, with convenient access to four international borders:China,Nepal,BangladeshandBhutan.It also connects the North-East with mainland India. Located at the foothills ofEastern Himalayas,Siliguri is a significant trading and transportation hub.[19]

History[edit]

Map of Darjeeling district (1838) during regime ofRajah of Sikkim

Middle Ages history[edit]

Map of Darjeeling district (1876) after being considered a "regulated area" by the British government

According to Sailen Debnath, "Siliguri" means a stack of pebbles or stones. Until the 19th century this region was called as "Shilchaguri" when there was dense Dolka forest covering the region. Siliguri was a small agricultural village in theKingdom of Sikkim.It was captured by theKingdom of Nepalin 1788, after whichKiratiand NepaliLepchascame to settle in this region.[20]

At that time a river port onMahananda,South of Siliguri inPhansidewahad an important role in having trade bond withMalda,BengalandBihar.This riverine trade line was thus used by theBhutaneseandSikkimeseto bring goods into their mainland.[citation needed]

Modern history[edit]

Siliguri started as a small area in the northern part of city, on the front ofMahananda River,which is now Dagapur. TheTreaty of Sugauliin 1816, signed between Britain-Nepal, changed the prospects of Siliguri, and it became a point of transit for theDarjeelinghills andNepalmainland. From 1816 onwards, Siliguri started growing rapidly as a small city due to its strategic location in trade routes. In 1865, the British captured Darjeeling and the entireDooarsregion to build tea plantations and export the produce to England. To scale up exportation they introduced theSiliguri Town railway stationwhich stands to this day, and introduced theToy trainfrom the station to Darjeeling in 1880. This helped Siliguri gain sub-divisional town status in 1907.[21]

Toy trainpassing through Siliguri after independence, in 1955

The "Siliguri Corridor"was formed whenBengalwas divided intoWest BengalandEast Pakistan(later Bangladesh) in 1947, with Sikkim later merging with India in 1975.[22]At this point many immigrants came to settle here for better infrastructure, which led to an increased population. Later in 1950 Siliguri achieved municipal status.[23]Keeping in mind the importance of Siliguri, in 1951, the Assam rail link was established with newly made (1949)Meter gaugeSiliguri Junction railway station.After few years in 1961 all these stations were connected with broad gaugeNew Jalpaiguri Junction railway stationwhich later became the most important railway station in Northeast India.[24]

Due to tremendous growth, Siliguri is now far away from its past outlook, becoming the largest and fastest growing city in eastern India afterGuwahati.The growth rate of Siliguri was 57.8% during 1971- 1981. Considering this growth, Siliguri came under the Integrated Urban Development Project program in 1981. Siliguri population growth rate rose to 46.8% of 1981–1991. A treaty between India and China for trade throughNathu La Pass,has expedited development and prospects of Siliguri as an international transportation and logistics hub. Later in 1994 Siliguri built a Municipal corporation which has been responsible for the civic infrastructure and administration of the city of Siliguri. Siliguri has now achieved the status of becoming the3rdlargest city inWest Bengal,afterKolkataandAsansol.[25]

Geography[edit]

Location[edit]

Siliguri is located at the foothills of the eastern Himalayas at a location of26°43′N88°26′E/ 26.71°N 88.43°E/26.71; 88.43.The city is spread over an area of 260 km2within theSiliguri Corridor,also known as theChicken's neck.The city is surrounded by dense forests towards north and lifeline of Siliguri,Mahananda Riverflows through the city thereby bisecting it into two halves.Teesta riveris not far from the city. Siliguri has an average elevation of 122 metres (400 feet).[26]As Siliguri is located in theTerairegion, the soil issandyin nature with the ratio of sand and silt much higher than clay. This region is very prone to earthquake as there are several fault lines nearby.[27][28][29][30] TheSiliguri subdivisionis surrounded by Himalayan ranges towards north and towards south by the countryBangladesh,Uttar Dinajpurdistrict ofWest Bengaland the Indian state ofBihar.On the east liesJalpaiguri districtandKalimpong districtand bounded on the west by the country ofNepal,thus strategically so important.[31]

Climate[edit]

Siliguri falls under thehumid subtropical climate(Cwa), when using theKöppen climate classification.Warm summers, cooler winters and a severe monsoon defines Siliguri's climate.

Temperature

The average annual temperature in Siliguri is 23.2 °C. In summer, the temperature varies from a minimum of 20-24 °C to a maximum of 30-35 °C.[32]The temperature of the hottest month, August, is 27.1 °C. The temperature in peak summer sometimes exceeds 38 °C.[33][34][35][36]On the other hand, the winter maximum temperature hovers around 20-25 °C, and the minimum drops 6-9 °C.[32]January is the coldest month with an average temperature of 16.4 °C. The minimum temperature in winter season sometimes drops 5 °C or below.[37][38][39][40]The highest temperature ever recorded in Siliguri is 41.9 °C, recorded on 7 June 2023,[41]while the lowest was recorded on 8 January 2018, when the mercury plummeted to 1.9 °C.[42][43]

Rainfall and other conditions

On an average, Siliguri gets above 3000 mm per year.[44]Winters are mostly dry, with the summers being rainy. About 80% of the annual rainfall is felt between June and September, this period is known as monsoons or rainy season in the season cycle. Heavy showers are often felt in May,[45]June,[46]July,[47]August and September.[48]July is the wettest month (804 mm) and January is the driest month (12 mm). The average rainy days in July is 27 and for December and January it is 1. Humidity is high throughout the year.

Climate data for Siliguri (Bagdogra Airport), Normals (1991-2021), Extremes 1951–present
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Record high °C (°F) 32.5
(90.5) 		33.2
(91.8) 		38.1
(100.6) 		41.7
(107.1) 		40.8
(105.4) 		41.9
(107.4) 		40.4
(104.7) 		40.0
(104.0) 		40.1
(104.2) 		36.6
(97.9) 		33.8
(92.8) 		32.6
(90.7) 		41.9
(107.4)
Mean maximum °C (°F) 25.6
(78.1) 		27.9
(82.2) 		32.8
(91.0) 		34.9
(94.8) 		35.3
(95.5) 		36.3
(97.3) 		36.0
(96.8) 		36.7
(98.1) 		35.8
(96.4) 		33.5
(92.3) 		30.4
(86.7) 		27.2
(81.0) 		37.0
(98.6)
Mean daily maximum °C (°F) 22
(72) 		24.5
(76.1) 		29.3
(84.7) 		30.8
(87.4) 		29.9
(85.8) 		29.5
(85.1) 		29.1
(84.4) 		29.6
(85.3) 		29.2
(84.6) 		28.5
(83.3) 		26.3
(79.3) 		23.4
(74.1) 		27.7
(81.8)
Mean daily minimum °C (°F) 10.7
(51.3) 		12.8
(55.0) 		16.1
(61.0) 		19.5
(67.1) 		22.1
(71.8) 		24
(75) 		24.6
(76.3) 		24.6
(76.3) 		23.5
(74.3) 		19.7
(67.5) 		15.2
(59.4) 		11.8
(53.2) 		18.7
(65.7)
Mean minimum °C (°F) 6.9
(44.4) 		7.2
(45.0) 		12.5
(54.5) 		16.5
(61.7) 		18.6
(65.5) 		22.0
(71.6) 		23.4
(74.1) 		23.6
(74.5) 		21.9
(71.4) 		16.8
(62.2) 		11.9
(53.4) 		7.7
(45.9) 		6.5
(43.7)
Record low °C (°F) 1.9
(35.4) 		3.5
(38.3) 		6.2
(43.2) 		9.6
(49.3) 		15.0
(59.0) 		20.0
(68.0) 		21.0
(69.8) 		18.4
(65.1) 		19.8
(67.6) 		12.3
(54.1) 		6.4
(43.5) 		2.4
(36.3) 		1.9
(35.4)
Averageprecipitationmm (inches) 23
(0.9) 		24
(0.9) 		34
(1.3) 		76
(3.0) 		249
(9.8) 		628
(24.7) 		843
(33.2) 		589
(23.2) 		403
(15.9) 		121
(4.8) 		10
(0.4) 		11
(0.4) 		3,011
(118.5)
Average rainy days 4 4 5 11 17 20 21 20 18 8 2 2 132
Averagerelative humidity(%) 69 65 54 63 79 88 90 88 87 80 70 68 75
Averageultraviolet index 5 7 9 11 12 13 14 13 11 8 5 4 9
Source 1: normal temperatures[49][50]Ultraviolet Index[51]
Source 2: Extremes(India Meteorological Department[52]), Mean maximum and Mean minimum temperatures[53]

Demographics[edit]

Historical population
YearPop.±%
195133,000—
196166,000+100.0%
1971100,000+51.5%
1981234,000+134.0%
1991367,000+56.8%
2001479,000+30.5%
2011701,489+46.4%
Source:[54]

Based on the Census data of 2011, the population of Siliguri UA/Metropolitan (including Siliguri municipal corporation and Dabagram municipality) is 701,489, while the population in the Municipal corporation area is 5,13,264.[3][17][55]Males constitute 51.44% of the population and females 48.55%. Population shares of Scheduled Caste and Scheduled Tribe category persons in Siliguri municipal area are 8.84% and 1.25% respectively. The literacy rate in Siliguri is 77.64%.[55][8]There are 154 notified and 31 non-notified slums in Siliguri, where 32% of Siliguri's population lives.[56]

Languages[edit]

Languages of Siliguri (2011)[57]

Bengali(60.88%)
Hindi(25.24%)
Nepali(4.66%)
Bhojpuri(2.39%)
Marwari(1.58%)
Urdu(1.24%)
Others (4.01%)

Bengali is the official language inSiliguri subdivision,including Siliguri city.[58]

In the municipal corporation at the time of the 2011 census, 60.88% of the population spokeBengali,25.24%Hindi,4.66%Nepali,2.39%Bhojpuri,1.58%Marwariand 1.24%Urduas their first language.[57]

Bengalisform the majority linguistic group in the city, followed byBiharis,Marwaris,Punjabis,Nepalis,Odias,andTribals.According to a 2001 thesis, Bengali speakers had a percentage of 64.25% out of the total population. Of the 30 wards in 2001, their population ranged from 11.71% to 98.96%.[59]

Religion[edit]

Religion in Siliguri City[60]
Religion Percent
Hinduism
 
 91.98%
Islam
 
 5.37%
Christianity
 
 0.94%
Buddhism
 
 0.65%
Other or not stated
 
 1.05%

The most commonly followed religion in Siliguri isHinduism,withIslambeing the largest minority religion, followed by small percentage of adherents ofChristianityandBuddhism.[60]

Governance and politics[edit]

Civic administration[edit]

Siliguri saw rapid urbanisation under the British rule and that was reflected in its local governance as well. The earliest form of local urban governance was a Sanitation Committee set up in 1915.[61]Its function was to dispose off night soil. Till 1921, most aspects of local governance in Darjeeling district, including Siliguri, was looked after by the Darjeeling Improvement Fund. In 1922, Siliguri Local Board with nominated members was created under the Bengal Local Self Government Act, 1885. In 1938, the Union Board was set up in Siliguri under the Bengal Village Self-Government Act, 1919 and it provided public utilities in the city.

TheMunicipal Councilwas set up in 1949 under the Bengal Municipal Act of 1932 with 8 wards.[61]The first chairperson of the municipality was the Sub Divisional Officer, and the local councillors, called 'commissioners' in the then municipal act in effect, were nominated by the state government. After the amendment of the act in 1956, 3/4 of the local representatives were elected, while the remaining nominated by the Deputy Commissioner. The first elected chairperson of Siliguri was Jagdish Chandra Bhattacharya.

In 1994, the municipal council was upgraded to theSiliguri Municipal Corporationwith 47 wards.[61]It had five departments then: General Administration, Collection, License, Public Works and Sanitation and Public Health. The corporation now has 23 departments.[62]It has 47 wards, of which 14 wards are inJalpaiguridistrict, while the remaining 33 wards are inDarjeelingdistrict.[63]The last municipal elections was in 2015, whenCommunist Party of India (Marxist)won 23 seats,All India Trinamool Congresswon 17 seats,Indian National Congresswon 5 seats,Bharatiya Janata Partywon 2 seats, while an independent candidate won 1 seat.[64]The mayor of Siliguri for the 5-year term of 2015-20 wasAshok Bhattacharyafrom CPIM, who was later elected as the localMember of Legislative Assemblyas well.[65]

The term of the last elected body of Siliguri Municipal Corporation ended on 7 May, 2,020 but municipal elections could not be held because of theCOVID-19 pandemic.[66]A Board of Administrators was established with the outgoing mayor, Ashok Bhattacharya, as the chairperson. This board will take care of the civic utilities of the city till the new municipal body is elected. This follows the establishment of similar boards first in state capital Kolkata and then the rest of the state.[67]

Lok Sabha and Vidhan Sabha constituency[edit]

Siliguri is part of theDarjeeling Lok Sabha constituency.The last elections for the Lok Sabha took place in2024,whenRaju Bistafrom Bharatiya Janta Party won the seat.[68]The last elections to the West Bengal Vidhan Sabha took place in2021.The Member of Legislative Assembly representingSiliguri Vidhan Sabha ConstituencyisSankar Ghosh.[69]

Civic services and infrastructure[edit]

Building plans in Siliguri are approved by Siliguri Municipal corporation; for building up to 3 storeys including parking, the Borough Offices give clearance, while for buildings with more than 3 storeys, the Building Department gives the approval.[70]The present City Development Plan 2041 for Siliguri was developed in 2015 as part of the Capacity Building for Urban Development project under the thenMinistry of Urban Developmentby the private consultancy,CRISIL Risk and Infrastructure Solutions Limited.[56]Siliguri City comes under Siliguri Jalpaiguri Planning Area and the responsibility of planning and development of the city lies withSiliguri Jalpaiguri Development Authority.

The Public Health Engineering Department of thestate governmentis responsible for developing and maintaining the infrastructure for water supply, while the Water Supply department of the corporation provides new connections, supplies water, and collects the user charges.[56][71]The Conservancy Environment Department of the corporation provides Solid Waste Management services in the city.[72]Each ward in the city has its own Solid Waste Management committee that takes care of cleanliness at the ward level.[56]The Public Works Department of the corporation andSiliguri Jalpaiguri Development Authorityare both responsible for the construction and maintenance of roads in Siliguri.[73][74][75]Siliguri Jalpaiguri Development Authority also prepared the Traffic & Transportation Master Plan 2030 and the Comprehensive Mobility Plan for Siliguri Jalpaiguri Planning Area.[76]

Flora and fauna[edit]

Flora[edit]

Orchid
Sukna forest, Siliguri

Siliguri and surrounding the Sub-Himalayan forests are rich in fauna diversity. The plains of North Bengal (Siliguri,Jalpaiguri,Cooch Beharetc.) are surrounded by deep forests. These forests are home of various rare and common species of plants. The forest here is moistTropicaland characterised by dense growth of tall Sal (Shorea robusta). Sal occupies about 80% of all vegetation in these tropical forest.

These forests are categorised by their dominating plant species such as

1) East Himalayan Sal Forest, present on the lower slopes ofMahananda Wildlife SanctuarycontainsSal,Khair,Simul,Sissoo,Riverine grasslands and various rare species of plants likeOrchids

2)East HimalayanUpper Bhabar Sal, mainly present at Jalpaiguri district which is characterised by a dense population of Microstegium chiliatum,Sal.Others areTerminalia tomentosa,andSchima wallichii

3) Eastern Tarai Sal Forest, generally found in lower altitudes compared to other two types of forest. This type of forest characterised by various species ofbamboos,ferns,andSalwhich is found in Baikunthapur Forest, near Siliguri city.[77]

The rapid growth of the city has led to deforestation, making Siliguri warmer day by day and unbalancing the ecosystem.

Fauna[edit]

WildIndian elephantatMahananda Wildlife Sanctuary

Siliguri is located in the Terai region ( "moist land" ), a belt of marshy grasslands and dense tropical deciduous moist forests at the base of Himalaya range which is rich in biodiversity, containing numerous rare species of flora and fauna. These forests are characterised by their distinct wildlife variety.Mahananda Wildlife Sanctuarynear Siliguri is famous for elephants. Sukna is the gateway to this sanctuary, which is 12 km from Siliguri.

These sub-Himalayan forests are the home of various types of wild animals like theelephant,tiger,Indian bison,barking deer,wild pig, monkey,civet,snake, lizard, mountain goat,sambar,chital andfishing cat.These forests are also home of about 243 different bird species like thepied hornbill,egret,kingfisher, drongo, fly catcher, woodpecker and others. Another common sight is migratory water birds.[78]

Transport[edit]

Road[edit]

NH 27crosses through the heart of the city[79]which is now a part of theAH2project. Siliguri is the origin of the century-old Hill Cart Road that isNH 110,which connects Siliguri and Darjeeling[80](77 km) dating from the British period. Siliguri also is the origin ofNH 10which connects Gangtok,[81][82]andNH 12which connects Pankhabari-Mirik. The highways NH 327, that connects Siliguri — Panitanki and NH 327B connecting Panitanki - Mechi Bridg, are also part ofAH2. It connects to adjacent countries through following routes:

Bus service[edit]

Tenzing Norgay Bus Terminus

Rail[edit]

Being a transportation hub,[89]Siliguri is well connected through railway with almost all parts of the country. There are seven stations that serve the city.

New Jalpaiguri Junction railway station

New Jalpaiguri Junction railway station,established in 1960[90](station code NJP)[91]is an A1 category[92]broad gauge and narrow gauge railway station underKatihar railway divisionofNortheast Frontier Railway zone.It is the biggest railway station of Northeast India serving the city Siliguri. This station is well connected to almost all parts of the country exceptGoa.[93]This station ranked 10th cleanest railway station in India in a 2016 survey[94]and was among the top 100 booking stations of Indian railway.[95]Many premium services are available, including 1 internationalMitali Express,Howrah–New Jalpaiguri Vande Bharat Express,New Jalpaiguri - Guwahati Vande Bharat Express,New Jalpaiguri–Patna Vande Bharat Express,4Rajdhani Express,2 Tourist Vistadome Express, 1Shatabdi Expressand 2 Humsafar Express.[96]

Siliguri Junction railway station
Siliguri Junction

Siliguri Junction railway station(station code SGUJ)[97]established in 1949[98]is another major broad gauge and narrow gauge railway station of Siliguri. Until 2011 it was the only triple gauge (broad gauge, meter gauge and narrow gauge) railway station in India.[99]After 2011, the meter gauge was shut down, but the track remains between Siliguri Junction railway station and Bagdogra railway station. Many different cities in India are serviced from this station.[100]

Siliguri Town railway station

Siliguri Town railway stationis one of the oldest railway station (station code SGUT)[101]of the region, opened in 1880[102][103]for theDarjeeling Himalayan Railway(Toy train) connecting Siliguri and Darjeeling. Its importance diminished with the construction of the Siliguri Junction railway station and New Jalpaiguri junction.Siliguri Town railway stationis also a broad gauge and narrow gauge railway station, and is halting point for 8 trains only.[104]

Bagdogra railway station

Bagdogra railway station(station code BORA)[105]comes under greater Siliguri metropolitan area. It is 10 km from Siliguri junction and is the third largest railway station after NJP and Siliguri Junction. This station serves Bagdogra and adjacent areas. Bagdogra railway station is on theSiliguri-Aluabari broad gauge single lineviaThakurganj.This station is the halting point for 14 trains.[106]

Gulma railway station

Gulma railway stationRailway (station code GLMA) is part of the Siliguri Urban area. It is 12 km from Siliguri City center and serves Champasari Anchal and Gulma areas. Gulma railway station is on theNew Jalpaiguri-Alipurduar-Samuktala Road Line.This station is the halting point of 5 trains. Mainly passenger train halt at in this station.

Matigara Railway Station

Matigara Railway Station(station code MTRA)[107]is situated at Mathapari, West Bengal.[107]Trains passing through this station include MLFC - SGUJ DEMU and SGUJ- MLFC DEMU. This station has a single platform and two tracks; one broad gauge line and one metre gauge line.[citation needed]

Rangapani railway station

Rangapani railway station(station code RNI) is part of the greater Siliguri metropolitan area. It is 14 km from Siliguri City center and serves Rangapani and adjacent areas. Rangapani railway station is on theHowrah-New Jalpaiguri line.This station is a halting point for 2 passenger trains.

Air[edit]

Aircraft atBagdogra International Airport

Bagdogra Airportis aninternational airportlocated towards the west of Siliguri city, operated as acivil enclaveat AFS Bagdogra of theIndian Air Force.This airport is a major transport hub in the region, with flights toKolkata,New Delhi,Mumbai,Chennai,Bangalore,Hyderabad,Ahmedabad,Guwahati,Dibrugarhand has international connectivity withParoandBangkok.The airport also has regularhelicopterservices toGangtok.Due to its location nearDarjeelinghills andSikkim,the Bagdogra Airport sees thousands of tourists annually.

Central government of India confirmedinternational airportstatus to this airport in 2002 with limited international operations.[108][109]This is one of the few airports in India with zero sales tax on aviation turbine fuel.[110]

Educational facilities[edit]

Super Speciality Block,North Bengal Medical College
North Bengal Universityadministrative building.
North Bengal St. Xavier's College.
Surendra Institute of Engineering and Management.
Don Bosco School, Siliguri.

University[edit]

Colleges[edit]

General degree colleges[112]
Medical colleges
Engineering colleges
Other Colleges

Schools[edit]

English Medium Schools
Army Schools

Media[edit]

Newspaper
English newspapers includingThe Telegraph,[119]Times of India,The Statesman,[120]The Economic Times,andThe Asian Ageare widely circulated throughout the city. Several Bengali newspapers includingUttarbanga Sambad,[121]Anandabazar Patrika,[122]Bartaman,[123]Uttarer Saradin,[124]Aajkaal,Pratidin,andGanashakti[125]and Nepali PaperHimalayaDarpanare available. The leading Hindi dailiesPrabhat Khabar[126][127]andJanpath Samachar[128]are also published from Siliguri.The online based news portalsSiliguri Times,[129]Khabar Arohan,[130]Bong Siliguri Times,[131]CCN News,The Siliguri Journal,[132]andSiliguri Barta,[133]Times of Northprovide live updates regarding Siliguri and adjacent areas.
Radio
All India RadioSiliguri was commissioned in 1963 as an additional station ofAIR Kolkata.[134]It has two groups of transmitters: high power BEL HMB 140 (AM) -2 [2×100 kW] and medium range GCEL 136 (FM) - 2 [2×5 kW], for broadcasting programs.[135]Prantikwas the first program broadcast from here in 1969.[134]In the course of time many notable individuals likeHemanta Mukhopadhyay,Ustad Rashid Khan,Subhas Mukhopadhyay,Shashi Kapoor,Manabendra Mukhopadhyay,Madhuri Chattopadhyay,and Priya Ranjan Dasmunshi have visitedAIRSiliguri.[136]Popular programs executing from here arePratyusha,Yuva Anusthan,Grame Ganje,Mahila Majlis,Mananiyeshu,SishumahalandArogya.[137]Two radio channels are operated fromAIRSiliguri through which programs are broadcasting daily:
No. Name[138] Frequency[139] Language
01 Primary Channel (PC) PC: 421.9 Metres 711 kHz (Medium wave) Bengali
02 Vividh Bharati Service (VBS) VBS: 101.4 MHz (High wave) Bengali/Hindi
In addition toAll India Radio,Siliguri has several private FM radio channels:
No. Name[140][141] Frequency[142] Language
01 Nine FM 91.9 FM Hindi
02 Radio High[143] 92.7 FM Hindi
03 Red FM 93.5 FM Hindi
04 Radio Misty 94.3 FM Bengali
05 Radio Mirchi 98.3 FM Bengali
06 Air Rainbow[144] 102.3 FM Hindi/English
Television
Siliguri receives almost all television channels received by rest of the country. Apart from the national terrestrial networkDoordarshan,[145][146]cable TV serves most of the houses.[147][148]Siliguri also receives some Nepali[149]and Bangladeshi channels too. Siliguri has three local channels: CCN,[150]Amar Cable and HTV. There is a TV tower in Kurseong,[151]about 25 km from Siliguri.

Sports facilities[edit]

Siliguri hosts numerous sporting events and matches to influence and build develop young athletes from the city. Some of the important sports enthusiast local clubs in Siliguri organise several cricket, football, volleyball, swimming competition, TT matches etc. S.A.I orSports Authority of Indiain Kanchenjunga Stadium conducts football and athletics.[152]With the provision for an international outdoor and indoor stadium, Siliguri has enough opportunities to host national level matches.[153]This has led Siliguri become a prominent city for national champions likeMantu Ghosh,the gold medalist winner in the bi-annual South Asian Games (SAF) for table tennis,Ankita Das,[154]Nandita Saha[155]andSoumyajit Ghosh[156]another internationally acclaimed table tennis player andWriddhiman Saha– Indian internationalcricketerwho playsTest matchesforIndian national team.[157]Siliguri has done a tremendous job for Indian table tennis.[158]Bikash Ghosh Memorial Swimming Pool is beside Kanchanjunga Stadium in the city, and conducts swimming competitions. White water rafting is done nearby in theTeesta river.[159]

U-19 football tournament atKanchenjunga Stadium,Siliguri
Municipal corporation indoor stadium

Kanchenjunga Stadium[edit]

Kanchanjunga Stadium, a multipurpose stadium, is the main stadium in Siliguri,[160]and is primarily used for football matches, although it has also hosted several cricket matches. It has a capacity of 30,000[161]people at a time. Recently[when?]this stadium is all set to get a facelift.[162]

Football:

Cricket:

Municipal corporation indoor stadium[edit]

Indoor sports includingtable tennis,badminton,taekwon-do,lawn tennisandchessare played here. Siliguri is renowned for being the training grounds of table tennis players. This stadium can hold 5000 people at a time. The Senior National Table Tennis Championship[167]was recently organised here.[168]Sports festival, 2017 was also held in this indoor stadium.[169]

Visitors' attractions[edit]

Coronation BridgeonTeesta
HeritageToy TrainatNJP
Bengal safari park
Gajoldoba view point

Darjeeling Himalayan Railwaytoy train runs betweenNew Jalpaiguri,Siliguri andDarjeeling.It was built between 1879 and 1881 and has been designated as aUNESCO World Heritage Site.[170][171]Coronation Bridge,also known as Sevoke Bridge, is situated on lower Himalaya about 20 km from Siliguri and was made in 1930[172]This bridge spans acrossTeesta River.[173]Gajoldobaview point is 28 km from Siliguri, famous for the huge reservoir formed byTeestaBarrage.This reservoir is home for many species of migratory birds, includingriver lapwing,great crested grebe,Indian cormorant,purple heron,Eurasian wigeon,common shelduck,cotton teal,tufted duck,little ringed plover,andgreat cormorant.Due to shuttling of migratory birds, the Pakhibitan sanctuary was established here. A boating facility is available.[174]

North Bengal Wild Animals Park, about 8 km (5.0 mi) away from the city, offers visitors the 'Bengal Safari' to experience sub-Himalayan wildlife closely, such asjungle fowl,sambar deer,royal bengal tiger,wild boars,spotted deer,wild bear,andrhinoceros.It is fundamentally a part of theMahananda Wildlife Sanctuary,spread over an area of 700 acres. The park conducts herbivore safaris, carnivore safaris, and elephant safaris.[175][176]TheMahananda Wildlife Sanctuaryis located 13 km (8.1 mi) away from Siliguri on the foothills of the Himalayas, betweenTeestaandMahananda.The sanctuary spans over 159 km2(61 sq mi) of reserve forest. In 1959, it received the status of a sanctuary mainly to protect theIndian bisonand royal bengal tiger. This sanctuary is home to raremountain goat,chital,barking dear,fishing cat,sambar deer, tiger, elephant andIndian bisonand migratory birds. It offers mild to medium trekking challenges at some points.[177]

There are some important Hindu and Buddhists monuments in and around the city.Salugara Monasteryis located 6 km (3.7 mi) away from Siliguri. The main attraction is the 100 ft (30 m)stupa,which is believed to be founded by the Tibetan Lama,Kalu Rinpoche.[178]This tranquil location for meditation was established by Tibetan monks and followers ofDalai Lama.[179]Sed-Gyued monastery is located near Salugara monastery. It is a breathtaking monument which was destroyed by the Chinese army, and then rebuilt. The monastery is home to more than 90 monks of theGelukpadivision, and is used as a research centre.[180]Ewam India Buddhist Monastrey is 11 km (6.8 mi) from Siliguri and is placed in the lap of nature near Bengal safari.[181]TheISKCONtemple in the city, also known as Sri Sri Radha Madhav Sundar Mandir locally, is one of the biggest Krishna centres in the North-Eastern region of India.[182]The Sevoke Kali temple is an ancient temple on the banks ofTeestariver close to theCoronation Bridge.This temple dedicated toMaa Kali,the Goddess of Destruction.[183]

Siliguri also offers amusement and water parks to tourists and locals. Dreamland Amusement Park, located nearFulbari,12 km (7.5 mi) from Siliguri junction, is an agricultural land converted in a fun house. It has 5-6 usual rides and a miniRopeway.Savin Kingdom is an amusement and water park which is located near Dagapur in Siliguri. The water park has a pool, slides, artificial wave, and rain dance.[184]It also has various joy rides like adrenaline junkies, sky train, break dance, go-carting, and artificial bullsas well as a multiplex, kids zone, and restaurant.[185]

The North Bengal Science Centre, established in 1997, is the only science centre in North Bengal. The main attractions are the Digital Planetarium, Science Shows, 3D Theater, Taramandal Shows, science galleries and a green Science Park.[186][187]The Hong Kong market is known as the Chandni Chowk ofNortheast India,a street market with a variety of shops popping out on the alleyways.[188]

Notable people[edit]

See also[edit]

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External links[edit]

Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Siliguri&oldid=1235074797"