Soyuz 7K-L1E
 | |
| Manufacturer | Korolev |
|---|---|
| Country of origin | Soviet Union |
| Operator | Soviet space program |
| Applications | Uncrewed spacecraft around theMoonand back toEarth |
| Production | |
| Status | Program ended. One craft orbited, one craft failed |
| Built | 2 |
| Launched | 2 |
| Retired | 1971 |
| Related spacecraft | |
| Derived from | Soyuz 7K-OKandSoyuz 7K-L1 |
Soyuz 7K-L1Ewas aSovietuncrewed modifiedSoyuz 7K-L1spacecraft. Also called a dummySoyuz 7K-LOK.Two were built, one Soyuz 7K-L1E was successfully launched intoLow Earth OrbitonProton rocketand is known asKosmos 382.The other Soyuz 7K-L1E was placed on aN1 rocket,which failed at launch. TheSoyuz spacecraftwas first used in 1967 as the main crewed spacecraft and is still in use. ManySoyuz variationshave been built and the Soyuz 7K-L1E was an uncrewed variation.[1][2][3][4]
Soyuz 7K-L1E No.1
[edit]Soyuz 7K-L1E No.1 was launched on 26 June 1971 at 23:15:08 (11:15pm Moscow time) fromBaikonur Cosmodrome Site 110/37. The spacecraft was built to test theBlok Drocket and theN-1 rocket.This was thethird launchof the N-1. The previous two N-1 launches had failed. The N-1 Rocket was asuper heavy-lift launch vehicledesign to go to the moon, as a counterpart to the U.S.Saturn Vrocket in thespace race.The first stage of the N-1 serial 6L failed at launch. The Soyuz 7K-L1E had noescape rescue systemand was lost. The Block D was designed to work with the N-1 to take theLK lunar landerto near the surface of the Moon. The Block D stage is still in use, but is used atop a Proton rocket. Had Soyuz 7K-L1E No.1 worked the upper stage was planned to go through maneuvers simulating those that would be used on a lunar mission. The Block D rocket would have taken the LK lunar lander to near the surface of the Moon.[5][6]
Soyuz 7K-L1E No.2
[edit]Soyuz 7K-L1E No.2 was an uncrewed Soyuz 7K-L1, launched on a Proton, with an N-1 upper stage and the Soyuz 7K-L1E control spacecraft into Earth orbit on 2 December 1970. This flight was a success and was then designated "Cosmos 382" - "Kosmos 382".Kosmosbeing the title given Sovietsatellitessince 1962. Kosmos-382 carried experiments and simulating the lunar orbit insertion burn, for planned latercrewed missions to the Moon.[7][8]
See also
[edit]
References
[edit]- ^Portree, David (March 1995)."Mir Hardware Heritage"(PDF).NASA. Archived fromthe original(PDF)on 7 September 2009.Retrieved24 August2012.
- ^RSC Energia: Concept Of Russian Manned Space Navigation Development
- ^NASA - Russian Soyuz TMA Spacecraft Details
- ^Space Adventures circum-lunar mission - details
- ^NASA, Russian Proton-K completes 45 years of service with US-KMO satellite launch, by William Graham March 29, 2012
- ^airvectors.net, THE SOVIET MOON PROGRAM IN THE SHADOW OF APOLLO
- ^"Zond (L1E)".space.skyrocket.de.
- ^"Публикации сотрудников АО" НИИхиммаш ""[Life Support Regeneration Systems for Long Space Flights (Publications by employees of JSC NIIhimmash)].niichimmash.ru.
External links
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| Soyuzdockingtests | ||
| Zond(7K-L1/L1S) lunar flyby missions | ||
| LOK (7K-LOK/L1E)test missions | ||
| LK Lander(T2K) test missions | ||
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