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SparkNotes

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SparkNotes
Type of site
Study guide
Available inEnglish
OwnerBarnes & Noble
Created bySam Yagan,Max Krohn, Chris Coyne, and Eli Bolotin
URLwww.sparknotes
CommercialYes
RegistrationOptional
LaunchedSeptember 1, 1999[1]
Current statusActive

SparkNotes,originally part of a website called The Spark, is a company started byHarvardstudentsSam Yagan,Max Krohn, Chris Coyne, and Eli Bolotin in 1999 that originally providedstudy guidesforliterature,poetry,history,film,andphilosophy.Later on, SparkNotes expanded to provide study guides for a number of other subjects, includingbiology,chemistry,economics,health,math,physics,andsociology.Until 2022, when SparkNotes Plus, a paid service, released, SparkNotes did not charge users to use any of its resources. SparkNotes receives revenue from advertisements.

Barnes & Nobleacquired SparkNotes in 2001 for approximately $3.5 million.[2]

History

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TheSpark was a literary website launched by fourHarvardstudents on January 7, 1999. Most of TheSpark's users were high school and college students. To increase the site's popularity, the creators published the first six literature study guides (called "SparkNotes" ) on April 7, 1999.[1][3][4]

In 2000, the creators sold the site to iTurf Inc. The following year,Barnes & Noble[4]purchased SparkNotes and selected fifty literature study guides to publish in print format. When Barnes & Noble printed SparkNotes, they stopped selling their chief competitor,CliffsNotes.[5]

In January 2003, SparkNotes developed a practice test service called SparkNotes Test Prep. This project was followed by the release of SparkCharts, reference sheets that summarize a topic; No Fear Shakespeare, transcriptions of Shakespeare's plays into modern language; and No Fear Literature, transcriptions of literary classics likeThe Adventures of Huckleberry FinnandThe Scarlet Letterinto modern language.[1]

In April 2022, a paid service, SparkNotes Plus, released, locking many works from the No FearShakespeareseries, their modern translations of Shakespeare plays, among other things, behind apay-wall,and adding new features.[6]

Criticism

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Because SparkNotes provides study guides for literature that include chapter summaries, many teachers see the website as a cheating tool.[7]These teachers argue that students can use SparkNotes as a replacement for actually completing reading assignments with the original material,[8][9][10]or to cheat during tests using cell phones with Internet access.

SparkNotes states that it does not supportacademic dishonesty,[11]orplagiarism.[12]Instead, it suggests that students read the original material, and then check SparkNotes to compare their own interpretation of the text with the SparkNotes analysis.[8][13][14][15]

In January 2019, site developers announced a complete redesign of the SparkLife section of the website in order to focus more on literature-related content. This announcement was met with a negative response from SparkLife users due to the removal of user-made accounts, blog posts, and comments.[16][17]

See also

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References

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  1. ^abc"A Brief History of SparkNotes".SparkNotes.SparkNotes LLC.Archivedfrom the original on February 12, 2008.RetrievedFebruary 4,2008.
  2. ^"Barnes & Noble inc, Form 10-Q, Quarterly Report, Filing Date Jun 18, 2001".secdatabase.Archivedfrom the original on May 15, 2018.RetrievedMay 14,2018.
  3. ^Martin, Stacy (5 September 2004)."SITE SPECIFIC- sparknotes".San Francisco Chronicle.San Francisco: Hearst Communications Inc.Archivedfrom the original on 31 January 2005.Retrieved19 March2006.
  4. ^abBorja, Anais; Lester, Amelia (18 October 2001)."The Rise and Success of Sparknotes".The Harvard Crimson.Harvard: The Harvard Crims0n Inc.Archivedfrom the original on 13 December 2008.Retrieved19 March2008.
  5. ^Bowman, James (8 August 2003)."Murder Most Foul".The Wall Street Journal.Dow Jones & Company, Inc.Archivedfrom the original on 12 August 2007.Retrieved24 March2008.
  6. ^"SparkNotes Plus: Exclusive, Ad-Free Study Material & Test Prep".SparkNotes.RetrievedApril 13,2022.
  7. ^Simnauer, Lauren; Dumler, Christie (20 June 2007)."There's room for sparknotes, too".The View.Zip Publishing. Archived fromthe originalon 21 December 2007.Retrieved24 March2008.
  8. ^abEger, Andrea (February 22, 2008)."Students love study guides".Tulsa World.World Publishing Co.RetrievedMarch 2,2008.
  9. ^"Competition for CliffsNotes arrives on the scene. Later, a popular study supplement called" Kramnotes "were put into circulation. Today they serve as one of Sparknotes top competitors. – in print".The Christian Science Monitor.25 June 2002.Archivedfrom the original on 27 March 2008.Retrieved24 March2008.
  10. ^Saltz, Molly (January 2, 2006)."No, it's a cheap shortcut that does no one any good".The Register-Guard.Eugene, Oregon, United States.RetrievedMarch 25,2008.[permanent dead link]
  11. ^"About SparkNotes".SparkNotes.SparkNotes LLC.Archivedfrom the original on February 8, 2008.RetrievedFebruary 6,2008.
  12. ^Kestler, Justin."Help:The Plagiarism Plague".SparkNotes.SparkNotes LLC.Archivedfrom the original on March 6, 2008.RetrievedFebruary 6,2008.
  13. ^Miller, Erin (January 2, 2006)."Is SparkNotes worthwhile? Yes, used properly it can enhance our education".The Register-Guard.Eugene, Oregon, United States.RetrievedMarch 24,2008.[permanent dead link]
  14. ^Nguyen, Kim Ngan (2 October 2003)."SparkNotes A Hit With High School Crowd".The Denver Channel.Internet Broadcasting Systems, Inc.Archivedfrom the original on 27 March 2008.Retrieved24 March2008.
  15. ^Formato, Brynne (February 5, 2004)."A quick study: online sites speed up reading".The Mirror.Fairfield, Connecticut, United States.RetrievedMarch 25,2008.[permanent dead link]
  16. ^"Coming Soon: The New SparkNotes Blog!".Sparknotes Blog.January 24, 2019. Archived fromthe originalon January 31, 2019.
  17. ^"Sparkler Posts » A Message To Sparknotes Editors - please take time to read if you see this".January 31, 2019. Archived fromthe originalon January 31, 2019.RetrievedFebruary 21,2019.
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