Splenic artery
| Splenic artery | |
|---|---|
 The visceral surface of the spleen. | |
 Branches of theceliac artery.(Lienal arteryis an old term forsplenic artery,and is visible at center. The spleen is at center right. The stomach has been flipped out to reveal the splenic artery, so the greater curvature is at the top in this diagram.) | |
| Details | |
| Source | Celiac artery |
| Branches | Pancreatic branches pancreatica magna left gastro-omental short gastric trabecular arteries posterior gastric |
| Vein | Splenic vein |
| Supplies | Spleen |
| Identifiers | |
| Latin | arteria splenica, arteria lienalis |
| MeSH | D013157 |
| TA98 | A12.2.12.040 |
| TA2 | 4239 |
| FMA | 14773 |
| Anatomical terminology | |
Inhuman anatomy,thesplenic arteryorlienal artery,an older term, is theblood vesselthat supplies oxygenatedbloodto thespleen.It branches from theceliac artery,and follows a coursesuperiorto thepancreas.It is known for its tortuous path to the spleen.
Structure[edit]
The splenic artery, the largest branch of the celiac trunk, gives off branches to thestomachand pancreas before reaching the spleen.
| Branch | Description |
| branches to the pancreas | multiple branches serving thepancreasincludinggreater pancreatic arteryanddorsal pancreatic artery. |
| short gastric | upper part ofgreater curvature of the stomachand fundus of the stomach |
| left gastroepiploic | middle of greater curvature of thestomach |
| posterior gastric | posterior ofstomach,gastric region superior to the splenic artery |
Note that the branches of the splenic artery do not reach all the way to the lower part of the greater curvature of the stomach. Instead, that region is supplied by theright gastroepiploic artery,a branch of thegastroduodenal artery.The two gastroepiploic arteriesanastomosewith each other at that point.
Relations[edit]
The splenic artery passes between the layers of thelienorenal ligament.Along its course, it is accompanied by a similarly named vein, thesplenic vein,which drains into thehepatic portal vein.
Clinical significance[edit]
Splenic arteryaneurysmsare rare,[1]but still the third most common abdominal aneurysm, after aneurysms of theabdominal aortaandiliac arteries.[2][3]They may occur in pregnant women in the third trimester and rupture carries a maternal mortality of greater than 50% and a fetal mortality of 70 to 90%. Risk factors includesmokingandhypertension.[4]For the treatment of patients who represent a high surgical risk,percutaneousendovasculartreatment may be considered.[5]
Additional images[edit]
-
3D-renderedcomputed tomography,showing splenic artery at upper right. -
The celiac artery and its branches. -
Transverse section of the humanspleen,showing the distribution of the splenic artery and its branches. -
Section of the spleen, showing the termination of the small bloodvessels. -
Posterior abdominal wall, after removal of the peritoneum, showing kidneys, suprarenal capsules, and great vessels. -
Arteries and veins around the pancreas and spleen.
References[edit]
- ^"UOTW #46 - Ultrasound of the Week".Ultrasound of the Week.3 May 2015.Retrieved27 May2017.
- ^Abbas MA, Stone WM, Fowl RJ, Gloviczki P, Oldenburg WA, Pairolero PC, Hallett JW, Bower TC, Panneton JM, Cherry KJ (2002). "Splenic arterya neurysms: two decades experience at Mayo clinic".Ann Vasc Surg.16(4): 442-449.PMID12089631
- ^Jamsheer NS, Malik M (2001). "Ruptured splenic artery aneurysm".Ann Saudi Med.21(5-6): pp. 340–341. Accessed July 30, 2005.
- ^Pauletto R, Mieres J, Incarbone A, García A, Santaera O (2013). "Exclusión de aneurisma esplénico gigante con técnica de catéteres mother-in-child en paciente de alto riesgo quirúrgico".Revista Argentina de CardioangiologíaVol.4(1): pp. 62–65, Buenos Aires (Argentina): Colegio Argentino de Cardioangiología Intervencionista. ISSN 2313-9307, retrieved 11 September 2013.
- ^Suzuki K, Prates JC, DiDio LJ (1978). "Incidence and surgical importance of the posterior gastricartery",Ann. Surg.187(2): 134-136.
- ^Pauletto R, Mieres J, Incarbone A, García A, Santaera O (2013). "Exclusión de aneurisma esplénico gigante con técnica de catéteres mother-in-child en paciente de alto riesgo quirúrgico".Revista Argentina de CardioangiologíaVol.4(1): pp. 62–65, Buenos Aires (Argentina): Colegio Argentino de Cardioangiología Intervencionista. ISSN 2313-9307, retrieved 11 September 2013.
External links[edit]
- Ruptured splenic artery aneurysm- a case report from Saudi Arabia.
- Splenic artery- medterms
- Anatomy photo:38:05-0101at the SUNY Downstate Medical Center - "Stomach, Spleen and Liver: The Splenic Artery"
- Anatomy image:8557at the SUNY Downstate Medical Center
- celiactrunkat The Anatomy Lesson by Wesley Norman (Georgetown University)
