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Stenosis

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Stenosis
Other namesStenoses
CT scanof abronchialstenosis (arrow) that resulted fromtracheobronchial injury
Pronunciation

Stenosis(fromAncient Greekστενός(stenós)'narrow') is the abnormal narrowing of ablood vesselor other tubularorganor structure such as foramina and canals. It is also sometimes called astricture(as inurethral stricture).[3]

Strictureas a term is usually used when narrowing is caused by contraction ofsmooth muscle(e.g.achalasia,prinzmetal angina);stenosisis usually used when narrowing is caused by lesion that reduces the space oflumen(e.g.atherosclerosis).[4]The termcoarctationis another synonym,[5]but is commonly used only in the context ofaortic coarctation.[6][7]

Restenosisis the recurrence of stenosis after a procedure.[8]

Examples

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Examples of vascular stenotic lesions include:

Types

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In heart valves

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The types of stenoses inheart valvesare:

Elsewhere

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Stenoses/strictures of other bodily structures/organs include:

Causes

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Diagnosis

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Stenoses of thevasculartype are often associated withunusual blood soundsresulting from turbulent flow over the narrowed blood vessel. This sound can be made audible by astethoscope,but diagnosis is generally made or confirmed with some form ofmedical imaging(such asultrasound).[10]

See also

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References

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  1. ^OED2nd edition, 1989, as/stɪˈnəʊsɪs/.
  2. ^"Definition of STENOSIS".merriam-webster.Retrieved2023-02-16.
  3. ^"Dorlands Medical Dictionary:stenosis".mercksource.Retrieved2010-05-05.
  4. ^"Atherosclerosis - What Is Atherosclerosis?".National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute.24 March 2022.
  5. ^"coarctation"atDorland's Medical Dictionary
  6. ^"Coarctation of the Aorta (CoA)".American Heart Association.
  7. ^Groenemeijer, B. E.; Bakker, A.; Slis, H. W.; Waalewijn, R. A.; Heijmen, R. H. (July 2008)."An unexpected finding late after repair of coarctation of the aorta".Netherlands Heart Journal.16(7): 260–263.doi:10.1007/bf03086158.PMC2516290.PMID18711614.
  8. ^Forgos, Richard N. (August 2004)."Restenosis After Angioplasty and Stenting".
  9. ^"Carotid Artery Stenosis".The Lecturio Medical Concept Library.15 March 2021.Retrieved6 July2021.
  10. ^Takekawa, Hidehiro; Tsukui, Daisuke; Kobayasi, Saro; Suzuki, Keisuke; Hamaguchi, Hirotoshi (October 2022). "Ultrasound diagnosis of carotid artery stenosis and occlusion".Journal of Medical Ultrasonics.49(4): 675–687.doi:10.1007/s10396-022-01259-7.PMID36175716.S2CID252622616.
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