Tai Po Market
Tai Po MarketorTai Po Hui(Chinese:Đại bộ khư) is the name of anareawithin the modern-dayTai Po New Townin theTai Po District,in theNew Territories,Hong Kong. However, its exact location changed from time to time. It is considered as the town centre of the area known asTai Po.The area was first established as amarket town,at the location of the modern-day residential and commercial areaTai Po Old Market,orTai Po Kau Hui(Đại bộ cũ khư), which is near the present-day areaTai Wo(Tai Wo Estate). Later on, a new market,Tai Wo Shi(Quá cùng thị) was established across the river and when the Kowloon-Canton Railway British Section was opened in 1910, it was the site ofa flag station named Tai Po Market.However, all three areas do not overlap, and are divided byLam Tsuen Riveror Tai Po Tai Wo Road. Tai Po Market, Tai Po Old Market and Tai Wo Estate are all within modern dayTai Po New Town(Tai Po Town).
History
[edit]
The first Tai Po Hui (Chinese:Đại bộ khư;Jyutping:daai6 bou3 heoi1;Cantonese Yale:daaih bou hēui;lit.'Tai Po Market') was established by theTang clanTai Po Taubranch in theQing dynasty.InKangxiYear edition ofXin'an Xianzhi(Gazetteer of theXin'an County(or San-On County in the Cantonese language)), the market town was also known as Tai Po Tau Hui (Đi nhanh đầu khư;daai6 bou6 tau4 heoi1;daaih bouh tàuh hēui;'Tai Po Tau Market').[1]InJiaqingYear edition of the book, the place was known as Tai Po Hui (Đi nhanh khư;daai6 bou6 heoi1;daaih bouh hēui;'Tai Po Market').[2]The market town was located in the northern shore of theLam Tsuen rivermouth. However, non-Tang villages formed their own allianceTai Po Tsat Yeuk,and established Tai Wo Shi (literallyTai Wo Market) in the south shore of the river. The alliance also built a bridge to connect the two market towns in 1896. Before the establishment of Tai Wo Shi, non-Tang villages were forbidden to establish shops in Tang's Tai Po Hui by the Qing government.[3]It was said Tai Po Hui was one of the three major market towns of Hong Kong [sic][nb 1]in the early Qing dynasty.[5]: 15
The area around the two Tai Po market towns, as well as other minor market towns, were leased to theBritish Empirein 1898. The region is now known as theNew Territories.The colonial government built theTai Po Market railway stationnext to the Tai Wo Shi in 1913.The District Officeof the colonial Hong Kong government, also within the proximity of both new and old Tai Po Hui. In modern-day, the area aroundFu Shin Street,the heart of the former Tai Wo Shi, was known as just Tai Po Hui, while the first market town of Tai Po (Tang's Tai Po Hui), was known as Tai Po Kau Hui (Tai Po Old Market) instead.
However, the usage of Tai Po Hui / Tai Po Market also extended to area that covered that modern-day electoral constituencyTai Po Hui,[6]which included the 1960s builtThe Lane-Square in Tai Po,(or known as the "Four Lanes of Tai Po Market": Kwong Fuk Lane, Tai Wing Lane, Tai Kwong Lane and Tai Ming Lane), as well asLuk Heung San Tsuen.The railway station, also moved to thecurrent site,east of the former place in the 1980s.
To add more confusion to the name, government also opened an indoor wet market, the Tai Po Hui Market and Cooked Food Centre (Đại bộ khư phố xá cập ăn chín trung tâm), inTai Po Complexin 2004, while its former location, was redeveloped into a public housing estatePo Heung Estate,where they are near to the Fu Shin Street. The two locations belong to the aforementioned Tai Po Hui constituency.[6]
Tai Po Market (Tai Po Hui, formerly Tai Wo Shi)
[edit]| Tai Po Hui (Đại bộ khư) | |
 Fu Shin Street | |
| Native name | Phú thiện phố(Chinese) |
|---|---|
| Former name(s) | Tai Wo Shi (Quá cùng thị) |
| Type | market town and walking street |
| Location | Tai Po Town,Tai Po District,Hong Kong |
| Coordinates | 22°26′53″N114°9′53.5″E/ 22.44806°N 114.164861°E |
Tai Wo Shi (Tai Wo Market), at modern dayFu Shin Street,was established in 1892.[7]The market town was later known as Tai Po Hui (Tai Po Market). The street currently consisted of post-Qing dynastybuildings, except a well and aMan Mo Temple.[7]The temple, at the heart of the Fu Shin Street, is adeclared monument of Hong Kong.The former railway station of the market town, was converted intoHong Kong Railway Museumin the 1980s.
The market town Tai Wo Shi displaced the old Tai Po market town (Tang's Tai Po Hui) as the rural town centre of the area, which also took the ownership of the name Tai Po Hui (Tai Po Market). Some author credited the displacement was due to the accessibility of the new market.[8]The New Territories circular road passes through Tai Wo Shi as Kwong Fuk Road, which connects toTai Po Roadin the south andLam Kam Roadin the north in the past, was constructed in the colonial area of the New Territories.
As the main circular road was intended to facilitate the movement of troops, it avoided the centres of population. Of course, this new facility was just the thing to stimulate development.…AtCastle Peak,the road was on the opposite side of the river estuary fromthe town of Tuen Mun,so aSan Hui,or New Market, was built alongside the road. Similarly at Tai Po, the Old Market was found to be on the wrong side of the river…
— Denis Bray,Hong Kong Metamorphosis(2001)[8]
Tai Po was one of the market towns that was selected to be expanded into a satellite town (new town) in 1972.[9]
Tai Po Old Market (Tai Po Kau Hui)
[edit]
Tai Po Old Market (Tai Po Kau Hui), inXin'an Xianzhi,was also listed as villages (as Tai Po Hui) along withTai Po Tau.[2]The former market town, which was established in 1672,[5]was unable to observe in the modern day Tai Po Old Market.[7]ATin Hau Templeexisted in the modern day Tai Po Old Market. The temple was established by theTang clanTai Po Tau branch before 1691.[10]It was said an ancestral temple, theTemple of the Filial Son(Đặng hiếu tử từ) was demolished in the 1970s.[7]
Administration
[edit]Tai Po Hui and Tai Po Kau Hui are recognized villages under theNew TerritoriesSmall House Policy.[11]
See also
[edit]- Shenzhen (market town)
- Sha Tau Kok,another market town
- Luen Wo Hui,another market town
- Shek Wu Hui,another market town
- Tuen Mun Kau Hui
- Tuen Mun San Hui
- Yuen Long Kau Hui
- Sha Tin Market
- List of buildings, sites, and areas in Hong Kong
Footnotes
[edit]- ^Modern Hong Kong did not exist until 1842, when theHong Kong Islandwas ceded to the British Empire. Tai Po was not part of modern Hong Kong until 1898, when theNew Territorieswas leased to the British Empire as the extension of the colony of Hong Kong. Tai Po was part of Qing's Xin'an County (Bao'an County) until 1898. Qing dynasty lasted from 1644 to 1912. Geographically, Tai Po is part of the New Territories of Hong Kong, but not part of the Hong Kong Island.Moreover, Tiêu Quốc kiện (Anthony Kwok-kin Siu) did not stated the names of the two other market towns in his three major market towns theory.[clarification needed]Similar claim was also stated by David Faure of the CUHK.[4]In his book, Faure stated thatYuen LongandShenzhen(which had never been part of HK) were probably the two major market towns in Qing dynasty for the areas that covers the modern-day New Territories and the surrounding. He also stated Tai Po was the principal market town for the eastern New Territories at that time.
References
[edit]- ^Địa lý chí.Tân An huyện chí(in Literary Chinese) (Kangxi Year ed.). 1688.
- ^abDư bản đồ.Tân An huyện chí(in Literary Chinese) (Jiaqing Year ed.). 1819.
- ^Đại bộ kỳ dụ(in Literary Chinese), Qing Government, 1892
- ^Faure, David (1986). "The New Territories".The structure of Chinese Rural Society: Lineage and Village in the Eastern New Territories, Hong Kong.East Asian Historical Monographs. Hong Kong: Oxford University Press. p. 20.ISBN0-19-583970-6.
- ^abSiu, Anthony Kwok Kin; Tiêu Quốc kiện (2007).Lịch sử duyên cách.Đại bộ phong cảnh chí(PDF)(in Chinese (Hong Kong)) (revised ed.). Tai Po District Council. p. 15.Retrieved26 December2018.
{{cite book}}:CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - ^ab"District Council Election Constituency Boundaries – Tai Po District (Sheet 1)"(PDF).Electoral Affairs Commission. 2014.Retrieved18 September2018.
- ^abcdSiu, Anthony Kwok Kin; Tiêu Quốc kiện (2007).Phụ lục.Đại bộ phong cảnh chí(PDF)(in Chinese (Hong Kong)) (revised ed.). Tai Po District Council. p. 165.Retrieved26 December2018.
{{cite book}}:CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - ^abBray, Denis(2001)."New Territories Commissioner".Hong Kong Metamorphosis.Hong Kong University Press. pp. 170–171.ISBN962-209-550-X.
- ^"Introduction".Market Towns(PDF)(scanned copy). New Territories Development Department of Public Works Department of Hong Kong Government. 1979 [n.d. on digital edition]. p. 1.Retrieved26 December2018– via The University of Hong Kong Libraries.
- ^Siu, Anthony Kwok Kin; Tiêu Quốc kiện (2007).Cổ tích văn vật.Đại bộ phong cảnh chí(PDF)(in Chinese (Hong Kong)) (revised ed.). Tai Po District Council. p. 96.Retrieved26 December2018.
{{cite book}}:CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - ^"List of Recognized Villages under the New Territories Small House Policy"(PDF).Lands Department.September 2009.