Tapirus rondoniensis
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| Tapirus rondoniensis | |
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Scientific classification
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| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Mammalia |
| Order: | Perissodactyla |
| Family: | Tapiridae |
| Genus: | Tapirus |
| Species: | †T. rondoniensis
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| Binomial name | |
| †Tapirus rondoniensis Holanda, Ribeiro, & Ferigolo 2011
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Tapirus rondoniensisis an extinct species of large sizedtapirthat lived in northwestern parts ofBrazilduring thePleistocene.Fossils of the species were found in the Río Madeira Formation ofRondônia,after which the species is named.
Characteristics
[edit]This species was originally described by Elizete Celestino Holanda, Ana Maria Ribeiro, and Jorge Ferigolo, in 2011, using materials from the Upper Pleistocene of the Madeira River Formation, inAraras,Nova Mamorémunicipality,Rondoniastate,Brazil.
The type specimen ofTapirus rondoniensisis an almost completeskullwith a unique combination of characteristics that differ from those of current and fossil species ofTapirusdescribed inSouth America.
It is mainly identified by its broad frontals that support pneumatization that extends to the frontoparietal suture, a high sagittal crest, and a weakly molarized P2.T. rondoniensisis similar in some respects toT. terrestris,but retains some primitive cranial and dental character states likeT. pinchaque,such as broad fronts and a weakly molarized P2.[1]
An extensive study of all the materials collected in the fossil deposits of theTapirusgenus concluded that this is a valid species.[2]
On the basis of morphometric analysis of its teeth, it is concluded thatT. rondoniensisis significantly smaller than most fossil or living tapirs, such asT. indicus,T. oliverasi,T. tarijensis,andT. haysii;and that it was similar in size toT. terrestrisandT. mesopotamicus.[3]
On the basis of cladistic-morphological analysis, it was indicated thatT. rondoniensisis the closest species to the livingT. kabomani,from which it differs by possessing 3 autapomorphies.[4]
References
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- ^Holanda, Elizete C.; Ferigolo, Jorge; Ribeiro, Ana Maria (February 2011)."NewTapirusspecies (Mammalia: Perissodactyla: Tapiridae) from the upper Pleistocene of Amazonia, Brazil ".Journal of Mammalogy.92:111–120.doi:10.1644/10-MAMM-A-144.1.S2CID85697963.
- ^Holanda, Elizete C.; Ferrero, Brenda S. (March 2012). "Reappraisal of the Genus Tapirus (Perissodactyla, Tapiridae): Systematics and Phylogenetic Affinities of the South American Tapirs".Journal of Mammalian Evolution.
- ^Ferrero, Brenda S.; Soibelzon, Esteban; Holanda, Elizete C; Gasparini, Germán M.; Zurita, Alfredo E.; Miño-Boilini, Ángel R. (2014)."A taxonomic and biogeographic review of the fossil tapirs from Bolivia"(PDF).Acta Palaeontologica Polonica.59:505–516.doi:10.4202/app.2012.0041.S2CID55732133.
- ^Cozzuol, Mario A.; Clozato, Camila L.; Holanda, Elizete C.; Rodrigues, Flávio H. G.; Nienow, Samuel; de Thoisy, Benoit; Redondo, Rodrigo A. F.; Santos, Fabrício R. (2013)."A new species of tapir from the Amazon".Journal of Mammalogy.94(6): 1331–1345.doi:10.1644/12-MAMM-A-169.1.
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