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The Battle of Lepanto(Luna painting)

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The Battle of Lepanto
ArtistJuan Luna
Year1887
MediumOil on canvas
Dimensions350 cm × 550 cm (140 in × 220 in)
LocationPalacio del Senado,Centro,Madrid

The Battle of Lepanto(Spanish:La Batalla de Lepanto[1]) is a painting byFilipinopainter[1]and revolutionary activistJuan Luna.Along withFélix Resurrección Hidalgo,Luna is one of the firstFilipinosto excel and earn recognition in the international field ofartsandculture.[2][3][4][5]

Painted by Luna in 1887, the masterpiece is about theBattle of Lepantoof October 7, 1571. The painting featuresDon Juan of Austria(also known asDon John of Austria) in battle while at the bow of a ship.

It is one of the “huge epic canvasses” painted by Luna (the others are theSpoliariumandThe Blood Compact).[6][7]

Historical significance

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By becoming the second Filipino to win the first of the three gold medals during the Exposicion General de Bellas Artes (National Exposition of Fine Arts[1]) inMadrid,Spainin 1884 for hisSpoliariumpainting,[8][9][10][11][12]Luna became famous and obtained commissions from theSpanish governmentto create other canvasses. Although Luna decided to move from Madrid toParis,Francein October 1884, he had to travel back and forth the two cities in order to meet the demands for portrait jobs, including the task of assisting Filipinos to push for reforms in the Philippines through the seat of the government of Spain in Madrid.[13]Some of the commissioned paintings wereThe Battle of Lepanto,together withPeuple et RoisandEspaña y Filipinas.[14]It was theSpanish Senate,through the influence of KingAlfonso XII of Spain,who commissioned Luna to paintThe Battle of Lepanto.King Alfonso XII's plan was to hang Luna’sBattle of Lepantoside by side withFrancisco Pradilla Ortiz’s 1878 grand-prize winning masterpieceLa rendicion de granada(The Surrender of Granada).[15]Another reason for commissioning Luna to paintThe Battle of Lepantowas to compensate Luna for not having been given the grand prize known as the “Prize of Honor”[8]or “Medal of Excellence”[2]forSpoliarium.A biased jury, known as the "Jury of Honor"[8]did not grant Luna the prize because he was a Filipino[2]and in spite of the fact that “public sentiment felt” Luna “deserved the award”.[16]One year after,The Battle of Lepantobecame a gold medalist[17]during the 1888 Fine Arts Exhibition inBarcelona,Spain.[5][18]During the victory gathering of Filipinos in Madrid, Philippine national heroJosé Rizalpraised Luna andHidalgofor their achievements, “mastery and nationalism” through a speech.[2]Graciano Lopez Jaena,another Filipino hero, also gave Luna and Hidalgo a “congratulatory speech” for their success.[19]

Description

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Luna’sThe Battle of Lepantoprovides significance to the “Spanishvictory against theTurks”.For this reason, the widow of King Alfonso XII of Spain,Queen RegentMaria Christina of Austria,herself was the person who unveiled Luna’s masterpiece at the Senate Hall of Madrid in November 1887,[8]together with Pradilla’sLa rendición de granada.

However, the victory at Lepanto was not merely a Spanish victory against the Turks. The victory at Lepanto was a Catholic victory over the invading forces ofIslam.At Lepanto, a coalition of Catholics defeated the forces of Islam who were attempting to conquer and subdue the West to force her citizens to submit to Islamic rule.

Therefore, this painting is a portrayal of national pride because the Spanish were instrumental in the victory at Lepanto and it is also a portrayal of pride in the Catholicism of Spaniards since the battle resulted in a Catholic victory. Both paintings are still currently displayed at the Madrid Senate Hall.[13]

Luna also received, through the royal order of Queen Regent Maria Christina, theMedalla de Isabela La Católica(Medal of Elizabeth the Catholic) from the Ministry of the High Seas (Ministerio de Ultramar), for the Filipino's “outstanding service” to Spain.[8]

References

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  1. ^abc"The Battle of Lepanto" by Juan LunaArchived2010-03-24 at theWayback Machine,worltourist.us
  2. ^abcd"The Battle of Lepanto" by Juan Luna,filipinokastila
  3. ^"The Battle of Lepanto" by Juan LunaArchived2008-06-07 at theWayback Machine,sunstar
  4. ^Daza, Jullie Y.Ghost of Juan Luna. (Medium Rare),Manila Bulletin, Manila Bulletin Publishing Corp. and Gale Group, Farmington Hills, Michigan, June 16, 2007, encyclopedia
  5. ^abAnderson, Benedict Richard O'Gorman."The Battle of Lepanto" by Juan Luna,including Footnote No. 15,Under Three Flags: Anarchism and the Anti-Colonial Imagination,page 18.
  6. ^"The Battle of Lepanto" by Juan Luna,raco.cat
  7. ^"The Battle of Lepanto" by Juan Luna,raco.cat
  8. ^abcdeReyno, Cielo.When the Filipino First Proved Himself to the WorldArchived2011-07-21 at theWayback Machine,nhi.gov.ph
  9. ^"The Battle of Lepanto" by Juan Luna,varsitarian.net
  10. ^"The Battle of Lepanto" by Juan Luna,varsitarian.net
  11. ^"The Battle of Lepanto" by Juan Luna,Google
  12. ^Cachero,et al."The Battle of Lepanto" by Juan Luna,Getting the Meaning 5'2000 Ed., page 121.
  13. ^ab"The Battle of Lepanto" by Juan LunaArchived2011-07-11 at theWayback Machine,filipinopaintings
  14. ^"The Battle of Lepanto" by Juan LunaArchived2010-01-29 at theWayback Machine,lopezmuseum.org
  15. ^"The Battle of Lepanto" by Juan Luna,Popular Science, August 1899, page 474.
  16. ^"The Battle of Lepanto" by Juan LunaArchived2010-06-23 at theWayback Machine,kulay-diwa
  17. ^"The Battle of Lepanto" by Juan Luna,glphils.org
  18. ^"The Battle of Lepanto" by Juan Luna,globalpinoy
  19. ^"The Battle of Lepanto" by Juan LunaArchived2010-02-26 at theWayback Machine,sunstar
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