Thomas Wyse

For other people named Thomas Wise, seeThomas Wise (disambiguation).

Thomas Wyse
Member of theParliament of the United Kingdom
In office 1830–1832
In office 1835–1847
British Minister to Greece
In office 1849–1862

Sir Thomas WyseKCB(24 December 1791 – 16 April 1862), an Irish politician and diplomat, belonged to a family claiming descent from aDevonsquire,Andrew Wyse, who is said to have crossed over to Ireland during the reign ofHenry IIand obtained lands nearWaterford,of which city thirty-three members of the family are said to have been mayors or other municipal officers: one,John Wyse,wasChief Baron of the Irish Exchequerin the 1490s.

Life

From theReformationthe family had been consistently attached to theCatholic Church.Wyse was educated atStonyhurst Collegeand atTrinity College Dublin,where he distinguished himself as a scholar. After 1815 he passed some years in travel, visitingItaly,Greece,EgyptandPalestine.In 1821 he married Princess Letizia Bonaparte (1804–1871), daughter ofLucien Bonaparte,and after residing for a time atViterbohe returned to Ireland in 1825, having by this time inherited the family estates.

He now devoted his great oratorical and other talents to forwarding the cause ofCatholic emancipation,and his influence was specially marked in his own county ofWaterford,while his standing among his associates was shown by his being chosen to write the address to the people of England.

In 1830, after the passing of theRoman Catholic Relief Act 1829,he was returned to parliament for theCounty Tipperaryconstituency. He attached himself to theWhig Partyand voted for the great measures of the reform era. But he was specially anxious to secure some improvement in the education of the Irish people, and some of his proposals were accepted byEdward Stanley,later 14th Earl of Derby, and the government, he was chairman of a committee which inquired into the condition of education in Ireland, and it was partly owing to his efforts that provincial colleges were established atCork,GalwayandBelfast.

His work as an educational pioneer also bore fruit in England, where the principles of state control and inspection, for which he had fought, were adopted, and where a training college for teachers atBatterseawas established on lines suggested by him. From 1835 to 1847 he wasMPfor theWaterford Cityconstituency, from 1839 to 1841 he was aLord of the Treasury,from 1846 to 1849 he wasSecretary to the Board of Control,and in 1849 he was sent as British minister to Greece. In that capacity he was a major figure in the notoriousDon Pacifico Incident.He was very successful in his diplomacy, and he showed a great interest in the educational and other internal affairs of Greece. In 1857 he was made aKCB,and he died atAthenson 16 April 1862.

Wyse wroteHistorical Sketch of the late Catholic Association of Ireland(London 1829),Education reform or the necessity of a national system of education(London 1836),An Excursion in the Peloponnesus(1858, new ed. 1865), andImpressions of Greece(London 1871).

His two sons shared his literary tastes: They wereNapoleon Alfred Bonaparte-Wyse(1822–1895) andWilliam Charles Bonaparte-Wyse(1826–1892), a student of the dialect ofProvence.The marriage to his wife Letizia, thirteen years younger than he and only sixteen years old when the wedding took place, did not last. After an especially violent fight in 1824 (so fierce that their carriage rocked on its springs), she fled to a convent and asked for a separation. Wyse and Letizia got a papal order of seclusion in the convent. After eight months, when Wyse threatened to leave Italy without her, she submitted and travelled to Ireland with him.

However the arguments continued and in May 1828 they agreed to a separation. Letizia threw herself in a suicide attempt intothe Serpentineand was rescued by CaptainStudholme John Hodgson(1805–1890), a British Army officer who became her lover. They had three children who survived to adulthood: the writerMarie Laetitia Bonaparte-Wyse(1831–1902, called secretly Studholmina-Maria) who was known as Princess Marie de Solms in her first marriage; Adeline (1838–1899), who married in 1861 the Hungarian generalIstván Türr;and the explorerLucien Napoléon Bonaparte-Wyse(1845–1909). All of them married and left children; all the children of Captain Hodgson and Princess Letizia used the surname Bonaparte-Wyse.

Wyse was the subject of a biography written byJames Auchmuty,Sir Thomas Wyse, 1791–1862: the life and career of an educator and diplomat,London 1939.

Family and children

Wyse married Princess LetiziaBonaparte,daughter ofLucien Bonaparteand his second wifeAlexandrine de Bleschamp,in 1821. Their children were:

• Napoleon Alfred Bonaparte-Wyse (1822–1895);
• William Bonaparte-Wyse(1826-1892);
• Marie Bonaparte-Wyse(1831-1902);
• Adelina Bonaparte Wyse (1838–1899), married toIstván Türr;
• Lucien Bonaparte-Wyse(1845-1909).

Though legally his children, Adelina and Lucien were the biological children of Bonaparte and her lover, Captain Studholme John Hodgson.

Sources

• Webb, Alfred(1878)."Wyse, Sir Thomas".A Compendium of Irish Biography.Dublin: M. H. Gill & son.
• This article incorporates text from a publication now in thepublic domain:Chisholm, Hugh,ed. (1911). "Wyse, Sir Thomas".Encyclopædia Britannica.Vol. 28 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press.
• Paz, D. G. "Wyse, Sir Thomas (1791–1862)".Oxford Dictionary of National Biography(online ed.). Oxford University Press.doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/30176.(Subscription orUK public library membershiprequired.)

External links

• Bonaparte Wyse Waterford Museum of Treasures in "Ask about Ireland"