Timeline of Mombasa
The following is atimelineof thehistoryof the city ofMombasa,Coast Province,Kenya.
14th-18th centuries[edit]
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- 1331 -Ibn Battuta,a Moroccan traveler, visits Mombasa.[1]
- 1498 - 8 April:Vasco da Gamaanchors in port.[2][3]
- 1505 -Town sackedby Portuguese forces ofFrancisco de Almeida.[2]
- 1507 - Mandhry Mosque built.[4]
- 1528 -Town sackedby Portuguese forces ofNuno da Cunha.[2][3]
- 1529 - Portuguese in power.[5]
- 1588 - Town captured by Amir Ali Bey.[2]
- 1593 - Town under rule ofMalindi.[6]
- 1594 -Fort Jesusbuilt by Portuguese.[7][3]
- 1597 - Augustinian mission initiated.[8]
- 1631 - Portuguese "expelled."[9][10]The sultan of Mombasa, christened Dom Jerónimo Chingulia, assassinated the Portuguese governor, reclaimed his Muslim name ofYusuf ibn al-Hasan,and ordered all Christians in the city to convert to Islam.[11]
- 1632 - Town besieged by Portuguese forces.[8]
- 1635 -Fort Jesusrepaired by Francisco de Seixas e Cabreira.[3]
- 1661 - Town sacked byOmaniforces.[12]
- 1696 -Siege of Fort JesusbyOmaniforces.[12]
- 1698 -Sultanate of Omanin power.[8]
- 1728/9 - A Portuguese force from Goa again held Mombasa, but were driven out by the Muscat Arabs.[3]
- 1734 -Mazruiin power.[8]
19th century[edit]
- 1837 -Said bin Sultan, Sultan of Muscat and Omanin power.[8]
- 1875 - A revolt against Zanzibar was put down with British assistance.[3]
- 1885 -Hinduism in AfricaFormation of the Hindu Union, and creation of Lord Shiva Temple (Shivaalay) in Central Mombasa.
- 1887 - Mombasa "leased to theBritish East Africa Company;"[8]town becomes capital of BritishEast Africa Protectorate.[5][3]
- 1895 - Government Press established.[13]
- 1896
- Kilindini Harbourinaugurated.[3]
- National Bank of Indiabranch[14][15]and Mombasa Club established.[16]
- 1897 - Population on island: 15,000-20,000 (estimate).[7]
- 1899 - Post office built.[17]
20th century[edit]
- 1901
- Uganda Railway(Kisumu-Mombasa) begins operating.[18]
- African Standardnewspaper begins publication.[18]
- Jevanjee mosque built.[17]
- 1902 - Court of Kenya established.[19]
- 1903 - Seif Bin Salim public library founded.[20]
- 1904 - Africa Hotel in business.[17]
- 1905
- 1907 - Slavery abolished.[22]
- 1910 - Population: about 30,000.[3]
- 1920 - Town becomes part of BritishProtectorate of Kenya.
- 1927 -Kenya Daily Mailnewspaperbegins publication.[23]
- 1929 -Makupa Causewaybuilt.
- 1931 -Nyali Bridgebuilt.
- 1937 -Likoni Ferrybegins operating.
- 1944 -Aga Khan Hospital, Mombasaestablished.
- 1951 - Mombasa Institute of Muslim Education opens.[24]
- 1955 -Roman Catholic Diocese of Mombasa and Zanzibarestablished.
- 1958 - Oceanic Hotel built.[4]
- 1962 - Population: 179,575 urban agglomeration.[25]
- 1962 - 1963 David Kayanda becomes the first African Mayor of Mombasa.
- Msanifu Kombo becomes mayor.[26]
- Town becomes part ofRepublic of Kenya.
- 1973
- 27 April:MV Globe Starship runs aground near Mombasa.
- Population: 301,000 urban agglomeration.[27]
- 1979 -Moi International Airportexpanded.
- 1980 - NewNyali Bridgebuilt.
- 1981
- Mombasa Records Centre of theKenya National Archivesestablished.[20]
- Sister cityrelationship established withSeattle,US.[28]
- 1984 - New Burhani Mosque built.[4]
- 1985 -Mombasa Marathonbegins.
- 1986 -Marine Parkestablished.
- 1990 - Population: 476,000 (urban agglomeration).[29]
- 1998 -Najib Balalabecomes mayor.
- 1999
- Mombasa Republican Councilformed.
- Coast Gymkhana Club Groundin use.
- 2000 - Population: 687,000 (urban agglomeration).[29]
21st century[edit]
- 2002 - 28 November:2002 Mombasa attacks.
- 2003 -Aga Khan Academy, Mombasaestablished in Kilindini.[4]
- 2005 - Population: 830,000 (urban agglomeration).[29]
- 2007 -Mombasa Polytechnic University Collegeestablished.[24]
- 2009
- 2010 - Population: 905,627 (estimate).[32]
- 2012
- 15 May: Grenadeattackin Bella Vista nightclub.
- 27 August: ClericAboud Rogokilled; unrest ensues.[33][34]
- 2013
- October: Cleric Sheikh Ibrahim killed; unrest ensues.[33]
- Mombasa polytechnic university college was promoted to a fully developed university now known asTechnical University of Mombasa.
- 2017 -Mombasa–Nairobi Standard Gauge Railwaybegins operating.
See also[edit]
- Mombasa history(fr)
- Mombasa District
- Timelinesof othercitiesin Kenya:Nairobi
References[edit]
- ^Ibn Battuta, "The Journeys of Ibn Battuta
- ^abcdMontgomery 1996.
- ^abcdefghiBritannica 1910.
- ^abcd"Kenya: Mombasa".ArchNet.Archived fromthe originalon 23 September 2011.
- ^abWebster's Geographical Dictionary,US: G. & C. Merriam Co., 1960,OL5812502M
- ^Swartz 1979.
- ^abHorsey 1897.
- ^abcdefBosworth 2007.
- ^Morse 1823.
- ^Freeman-Grenville 1980.
- ^Freeman-Granville, GSP (2008).New Encyclopedia of Africa.Gale. pp.378–79.ISBN978-0-684-31455-6.
- ^abSassoon 1982.
- ^"Government Press".Nairobi: Ministry of State for Provincial Administration and Internal Security.Retrieved8 May2013.
- ^Andrew K. Mullei and Joshua M. Ng'elu (1990). "Evolution, Structure and Performance of Kenya's Financial System".Savings and Development.14(3): 265–284.JSTOR25830234.
- ^Robert M. Maxon (1992). "Colonial Financial System". In William Robert Ochieng and Robert M. Maxon (ed.).Economic History of Kenya.East African Publishers. p. 249+.ISBN996646963X.
- ^Frankl 2001.
- ^abcHoyle 2001.
- ^abR.T. Ogonda (1992). "Transport and Communications in the Colonial Economy". In William Robert Ochieng and Robert M. Maxon (ed.).Economic History of Kenya.East African Publishers. p. 129+.ISBN996646963X.
- ^abSavita Nair (2008), "Shops and Stations: Rethinking Power and Privilege in British/Indian East Africa", in John C. Hawley (ed.),India in Africa, Africa in India,Indiana University Press,ISBN9780253351210
- ^abIrene Muthoni Kibandi; et al. (2010), "Kenya: Libraries, Museums and Archives", in Marcia J. Bates (ed.),Encyclopedia of Library and Information Sciences,Boca Raton, Florida: CRC Press,ISBN9780849397127
- ^Frankl 2008.
- ^Strobel 1975.
- ^"Mombasa (Kenya) Newspapers".WorldCat.US:Online Computer Library Center.Retrieved8 May2013.
- ^ab"History".Technical University of Mombasa.Retrieved8 May2013.
- ^"Population of capital cities and cities of 100,000 and more inhabitants".Demographic Yearbook 1965.New York:Statistical Office of the United Nations.1966.
- ^Stren 1970.
- ^United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs,Statistical Office (1976)."Population of capital city and cities of 100,000 and more inhabitants".Demographic Yearbook 1975.New York. pp. 253–279.
{{cite book}}:CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link) - ^"Seattle's 21 Sister Cities".US: City of Seattle.Retrieved30 December2015.
- ^abc"The State of African Cities 2010: Governance, Inequalities and Urban Land Markets".United Nations Human Settlements Programme.2010. Archived fromthe originalon 17 June 2013.
- ^"Mayor faces tough battle in poll".Daily Nation.12 June 2011.
- ^"Population of capital cities and cities of 100,000 or more inhabitants".Demographic Yearbook 2011.United Nations Statistics Division.2012.
- ^"Table 8 - Population of capital cities and cities of 100,000 or more inhabitants",Demographic Yearbook – 2018,United Nations
- ^ab"Kenya Profile: Timeline".BBC News.Retrieved30 September2014.
- ^"Kenya: Murder of Muslim Cleric in Mombasa Sparks Riots".Global Voices.6 September 2012.
{{cite web}}:Missing or empty|url=(help)
Bibliography[edit]
- Published in 19th century
- Jedidiah Morse;Richard C. Morse (1823),"Mombaca",A New Universal Gazetteer(4th ed.), New Haven: S. Converse
- Algernon F.R. de Horsey (1897),"(Mombasa)",Africa Pilot(6th ed.), London: Great Britain.Admiralty
- Published in 20th century
- "Mombassa".Meyers Grosses Konversations-Lexikon(in German). Leipzig. 1906.hdl:2027/njp.32101064063199.
- .Encyclopædia Britannica.Vol. 18 (11th ed.). 1910. pp. 682–683.
- Frederick Treves(1910),"Mombasa",Uganda for a holiday,London: Smith, Elder & Co.,OCLC33285047
- "Mombasa".The Red Book 1922-23: Handbook and Directory for Kenya Colony and Protectorate, Uganda Protectorate, Tanganyika Territory, and Zanzibar Sultanate.Nairobi: East Africa Standard Ltd. 1922.hdl:2027/inu.30000125593750.
- John Milner Gray (1957),The British in Mombasa, 1824-1826,London: Macmillan,OCLC2629449
- C.R. Boxer(1960),Fort Jesus and the Portuguese in Mombasa, 1593-1729,London: Hollis & Carter,OCLC939150
- Irene S. van Dongen (1963). "Mombasa in the Land and Sea Exchanges of East Africa".Erdkunde.17.doi:10.3112/erdkunde.1963.01.02.
- F.J. Berg (1968). "The Swahili Community of Mombasa, 1500-1900".Journal of African History.9:35–56.doi:10.1017/S0021853700008343.S2CID162622809.
- Harm J. De Blij(1968),Mombasa: an African city,Evanston, Illinois: Northwestern University Press
- Richard Stren (1970). "Factional Politics and Central Control in Mombasa, 1960-1969".Canadian Journal of African Studies.4(1): 33–56.doi:10.2307/483741.JSTOR483741.
- Hyder Kindy (1972).Life and Politics in Mombasa.
- G.S.P. Freeman-Grenville, ed. (1975), "History of Mombasa",The East African Coast: Select Documents(2nd ed.), London: Collings,ISBN0901720852
- Margaret Strobel (1975). "Women's Wedding Celebrations in Mombasa, Kenya".African Studies Review.18(3): 35–45.doi:10.2307/523720.JSTOR523720.S2CID143826887.
- John H. A. Jewell (1976),Mombasa, the friendly town,Nairobi: East African Pub. House
- Marc J. Swartz (1979). "Religious Courts, Community, and Ethnicity among the Swahili of Mombasa: An Historical Study of Social Boundaries".Africa: Journal of the International African Institute.49(1): 29–41.doi:10.2307/1159503.JSTOR1159503.
- G.S.P. Freeman-Grenville, ed. (1980),The Mombasa rising against the Portuguese, 1631,London: Published for the British Academy by the Oxford University Press,ISBN0197259928
- Kurula Varkey and Klaus Roesch, ed. (1981).Report on Pilot Study for Conservation and Revitalization of Old Town Mombasa.Nairobi.
{{cite book}}:CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link) - Mano Sassoon (1982). "Sinking of the Santo Antonio de Tanna in Mombasa Harbour".Paideuma.28:101–108.JSTOR41409877.
- James Kirkman (1983). "The Muzungulos of Mombasa".International Journal of African Historical Studies.16.
- J. Maitland-Jones; et al. (1985).Old Town Mombasa: A Historical Guide.Mombasa: Friends of Fort Jesus.
- Sue Montgomery (1996), "Mombasa", in Trudy Ring (ed.),Middle East and Africa,International Dictionary of Historic Places, Routledge, pp. 512–516,ISBN9781884964039
- Published in 21st century
- Brian Hoyle (2001). "Urban renewal in East African port cities: Mombasa's Old Town waterfront".GeoJournal.53(2): 183–197.doi:10.1023/A:1015704101663.JSTOR41147599.S2CID151198638.
- P.J.L. Frankl (2001). "The Early Years of the Mombasa Club: A Home Away from Home for European-Christians".History in Africa.28:71–81.doi:10.2307/3172208.JSTOR3172208.S2CID162050187.
- Paul Tiyambe Zeleza;Dickson Eyoh, eds. (2003). "Mombasa, Kenya".Encyclopedia of Twentieth-Century African History.Routledge.ISBN0415234794.
- C. Edmund Bosworth,ed. (2007). "Mombasa".Historic Cities of the Islamic World.Leiden: Koninklijke Brill.ISBN978-9004153882.
- P.J.L. Frankl (2008). "Mombasa Cathedral and the CMS Compound: The Years of the East Africa Protectorate".History in Africa.35:209–229.doi:10.1353/hia.0.0017.JSTOR25483723.S2CID162042643.
- Demand for housing in urban Kenya: The case of households in Nairobi and Mombasa counties,2013 – via Kenya Institute for Public Policy Research and Analysis
- Isolde Brielmaier (2013). "Mombasa on Display: Photography and the Formation of an Urban Public, from the 1940s Onward". In John Peffer and Elisabeth L. Cameron (ed.).Portraiture and Photography in Africa.Indiana University Press.ISBN978-0-253-00872-5.
External links[edit]
Media related toHistory of Mombasaat Wikimedia Commons
- "(Mombasa)".Directory of Open Access Journals.UK.(Bibliography ofopen access
articles) - "(Mombasa)"– via Qatar National Library,Qatar Digital Library.(Images, etc.)
- "(Mombasa)"– viaEuropeana.(Images, etc.)
- "(Mombasa)"– viaDigital Public Library of America.(Images, etc.)
- "(Mombasa)".Internet Library Sub-Saharan Africa.Germany:Frankfurt University Library.14 January 2019.(Bibliography)
- "(Mombasa)".Connecting-Africa.Leiden, Netherlands:African Studies Centre.(Bibliography)
- "(Mombasa)".AfricaBib.org.(Bibliography)
- "Mombasa, Kenya".BlackPast.org.US. 20 April 2011.
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