Tracey Emin

Dame Tracey Emin DBERA
Emin at Lighthouse Gala auction in aid ofTerrence Higgins Trust,2007
Born	Tracey Karima Emin (1963-07-03)3 July 1963 Croydon,England
Education	Medway College of Design (1980–82) Maidstone College of Art(1983–86) (BAPrintmaking) Royal College of Art(1987–89) (MAPainting) Birkbeck University of London
Notable work	Everyone I Have Ever Slept With 1963–1995(1995) My Bed(1998)
Style	Readymade Installation art
Movement	Young British Artists
Website	traceyeminfoundation

Dame Tracey Karima EminDBERA(/ˈɛmɪn/;born 3 July 1963)is an English artist known for autobiographical and confessional artwork. She produces work in a variety of media includingdrawing,painting,sculpture,film,photography,neon textand sewnappliqué.Once the "enfant terrible"of theYoung British Artistsin the 1980s, Tracey Emin is now aRoyal Academician.

In 1997, her workEveryone I Have Ever Slept With 1963–1995,a tent appliquéd with the names of everyone the artist had ever slept with, was shown atCharles Saatchi'sSensationexhibition held at theRoyal Academyin London.In the same year, she gained considerable media exposure when she swore repeatedly when drunk on a live British TV discussion programme calledThe Death of Painting.

In 1999, Emin had her first solo exhibition in the United States atLehmann Maupin Gallery,entitledEvery Part of Me's Bleeding.Later that year, she was aTurner Prizenominee and exhibitedMy Bed– a readymade installation, consisting of her own unmade dirty bed, in which she had spent several weeks drinking, smoking, eating, sleeping and having sexual intercourse while undergoing a period of severe emotional flux. The artwork featured used condoms and blood-stained underwear.

Emin is also a panellist and speaker: she has lectured at theVictoria and Albert Museumin London,the Art Gallery of New South Wales in Sydney (2010),theRoyal Academy of Arts(2008),and theTate Britainin London (2005)about the links between creativity and autobiography, and the role of subjectivity and personal histories in constructing art. In December 2011, she was appointed Professor of Drawing at the Royal Academy; withFiona Rae,she is one of the first two female professors since the Academy was founded in 1768.Emin lived inSpitalfields,East London,before returning toMargate,where she funds theTKE Studioswith workspace for aspiring artists.

Biography

Early life and education

Sexton Ming,Tracey Emin,Charles Thomson,Billy Childishand Russell Wilkins at the Rochester Adult Education Centre 11 December 1987 to recordThe Medway PoetsLP

Emin was born inCroydon,a district ofsouth London,to an English mother ofRomanichaldescentand aTurkish Cypriotfather.She was brought up inMargate,Kent, with her twin brother, Paul.

Emin shares a paternal great-grandfather with her second cousinMeral Hussein-Ece, Baroness Hussein-Ece.

Her work has been analysed within the context of early adolescent and childhood abuse, as well as sexual assault.Emin was raped at the age of 13 while living in Margate, citing assaults in the area as "what happened to a lot of girls."Emin later said in an article she wrote for theEvening Standardthat she had "no memory of being a virgin", citing numerous times she was raped as a young teenager.

She studied fashion at Medway College of Design (now part of theUniversity for the Creative Arts) (1980–82).There she met expelled studentBilly Childishand was associated withThe Medway Poets.Emin and Childish were a couple until 1987, during which time she was the administrator for his small press,Hangman Books,which published Childish's confessional poetry.From 1983–86she studied printmaking atMaidstone Art College(now part of theUniversity for the Creative Arts).She graduated with a first class degree in Printmaking. Also, whilst at Maidstone college of Art, Tracey Emin encountered Roberto Navickas aka Roberto Navikas, a name which was later to feature prominently in her "tent". Emin however, mistakenly misspelled his name by dropping a C. Navickas used this error to promote two artworks of his own, some twenty odd years later when re-entering the art world. The works were titled "The Lost C of Emin: The Discovery" & "The Lost C of Emin: A Reliquary". (see tent below).

In 1995, she was interviewed in theMinky Mankyshow catalogue byCarl Freedman,who asked her, "Which person do you think has had the greatest influence on your life?" She replied, "Uhmm... It's not a person really. It was more a time, going toMaidstone College of Art,hanging around with Billy Childish, living by theRiver Medway".

In 1987, Emin moved to London to study at theRoyal College of Art,where in 1989 she obtained anMAin painting.After graduation, she had two traumaticabortionsand those experiences led her to destroy all the art she had produced in graduate school and later described the period as "emotional suicide".Her influences includedEdvard MunchandEgon Schiele,and for a time she studied philosophy atBirkbeck, University of London.

One of the paintings that survive from her time at Royal College of Art isFriendship,which is in the Royal College of Art Collection.Additionally, a series of photographs from her early work that was not destroyed was displayed as part ofMy Major Retrospective.

Career beginnings

In 1993, Emin opened a shop with fellow artistSarah Lucas,calledThe Shopat 103 Bethnal Green Road inBethnal Green,which sold works by the two of them, includingT-shirtsand ashtrays withDamien Hirst's picture stuck to the bottom.

In November 1993, Emin had her first solo show atWhite Cube,a contemporary art gallery in London.It was calledMy Major Retrospective,and was autobiographical, consisting of personal photographs, photos of her (destroyed) early paintings, as well as items which most artists would not consider showing in public (such as a packet of cigarettes her uncle was holding when he was decapitated in a car crash).

In the mid-1990s, Emin had a relationship withCarl Freedman,who had been an early friend of, and collaborator with,Damien Hirst,and who had co-curated seminalBritartshows, such asModern MedicineandGambler.In 1994, they toured the US together, driving in aCadillacfromSan Franciscoto New York, and making stops en route where she gave readings from her autobiographical bookExploration of the Soulto finance the trip.

The couple spent time by the sea inWhitstabletogether, using abeach hutthat she uprooted and turned into art in 1999 with the titleThe Last Thing I Said to You is Don't Leave Me Here,and that was destroyed in the 2004Momart warehouse fire.

Everyone I Have Ever Slept With 1963–1995by Tracey Emin (1995). An interior view of the work.

In 1995, Freedman curated the showMinky Mankyat theSouth London Gallery.Emin has said,

At that time Sarah (Lucas) was quite famous, but I wasn't at all. Carl said to me that I should make some big work as he thought the small-scale stuff I was doing at the time wouldn't stand up well. I was furious. Making that work was my way at getting back at him.

The result was her "tent"Everyone I Have Ever Slept With 1963–1995,which was first exhibited in the show. It was a blue tent, appliquéd with the names of everyone she has slept with. These included sexual partners, plus relatives she slept with as a child, her twin brother, and her two aborted children.

The needlework which is integral to this work was used by Emin in a number of her other pieces. This piece was later bought byCharles Saatchiand included in the successful 1997Sensation exhibitionat the Royal Academy; it then toured to Berlin and New York. It, too, was destroyed by the fire in Saatchi's east London warehouse, in 2004.

Public recognition

Emin was largely unknown by the public until she appeared on aChannel 4television programme in 1997,"Is Painting Dead?".The show comprised a group discussion about that year'sTurner Prizeand was broadcast live. Emin said she was drunk, slurred and swore before walking out. From the interview: "Are they really real people in England watching this programme now, they really watching, really watching it?"

My Bedby Tracey Emin

Two years later, in 1999, Emin was shortlisted for the Turner Prize herself and exhibitedMy Bedat theTate Gallery.

There was considerable media attention regarding the apparently trivial and possibly unhygienic elements of the installation, such as yellow stains on the bedsheets, condoms, empty cigarette packets, and a pair of knickers with menstrual stains. The bed was presented as it had been when she had stayed in it for several days, feeling suicidal because of relationship difficulties.

Two performance artists,Yuan Chai and Jian Jun Xi,jumped onto the bed with bare torsos to "improve" the work, which they thought had not gone far enough.

In July 1999, at the height of Emin'sTurner Prizefame, she created a number ofmonoprintsdrawings inspired by the public and private life ofPrincess Dianafor a themed exhibition calledTemple of Dianaheld at The Blue Gallery, London. Works such asThey Wanted You To Be Destroyed(1999)related to Princess Diana'sbulimia,while other monoprints included affectionate texts such asLove Was on Your Sideand a description of Princess Diana'sdress with puffy sleeves.Other drawings highlightedThe things you did to help other peoplewritten next to a drawing by Emin ofDiana, Princess of Walesin protective clothing walking through a minefield in Angola. Another work was a delicate sketch of a rose drawn next to the phrase "It makes perfect sence to know they killed you" (with Emin's trademark spelling mistakes) referring to the conspiracy theories surrounding Princess Diana's death. Emin herself described the drawings, saying they "could be considered quite scrappy, fresh, kind of naïve looking drawings" and "It's pretty difficult for me to do drawings not about me and about someone else. But I have did have a lot of ideas. They're quite sentimental I think and there's nothing cynical about it whatsoever."

Portrait byReginald Gray

Elton Johncollects Emin's work, as didGeorge Michael.Michael and his partnerKenny Gossheld theA Tribute To Tracey Eminexhibition in September 2007 at their Dallas-based museum, the Goss-Michael Foundation(formerly Goss Gallery).

This was the inaugural exhibition for the gallery which displayed a variety of Emin works from a large blanket, video installations, prints, paintings and a number of neon worksincluding a special neon pieceGeorge Loves Kenny(2007) which was the centrepiece of the exhibition, developed by Emin after she wrote an article forThe Independentnewspaper in February 2007 with the same title.Goss and Michael (died 25 December 2016), acquired 25 works by Emin.

Other celebrities and musicians who support Emin's art include modelsJerry HallandNaomi Campbell,film starOrlando Bloomwho bought a number of Emin's works at charity auctionsand pop bandTemposhark,whose lead singer collects Emin's art, named their debut albumThe Invisible Line,inspired by passages from Emin's bookExploration of The Soul.Rock legendRonnie Woodof theRolling Stonesis a well documented friend of Emin whose own paintings are inspired by Emin's work.In 2004 Emin presentedMadonnawith theUK Music Hall of Fameaward.

Emin was invited toMadonna's country estate Ashcombe and has been described by the singer, "Tracey is intelligent and wounded and not afraid to expose herself," she says. "She is provocative but she has something to say. I can relate to that."David Bowie,a childhood inspiration of Emin's, also became friends with the artist. Bowie once described Emin as "William Blake as a woman, written byMike Leigh".

Like theGeorge MichaelandKenny Gossneon, Emin created a unique neon work for her supermodel friendKate MosscalledMoss Kin.In 2004, it was reported that this unique piece had been discovered dumped in a skip in east London. The piece, consisting of neon tubing spelling the wordsMoss Kin,had been mistakenly thrown out of a basement, owned by the craftsman who made the glass. The artwork was never collected by Moss and had therefore been stored for three years in the basement of a specialist artist used by Emin in the Spitalfields area. It was accidentally dumped when the craftsman moved.The term used in the workKinis a recurring theme of Emin's to describe those dear to her, her loved ones. Other examples can be seen in a monoprint calledMatKindedicated to her then boyfriend artistMat Collishawand released as an aquatint limited edition in 1997.Emin created a nude drawing ofKate Mossknown asKate(2000), signed and dated as1 February 2000in pencil by the artist. In 2006 the same image was released as a limited edition etching, but renamed asKate Moss 2000(2006).Emin's work was included in the 2022 exhibitionWomen Painting Womenat theModern Art Museum of Fort Worth.

Stuckism

Stuckistsuse a cut-out of Emin in 2001 to demonstrate against theTurner Prize

Main article:Stuckism

Emin's relationship with the artist and musicianBilly Childishled to the name of theStuckismmovement in 1999. Childish, who had mocked her new affiliation to conceptualism in the early 1990s, was told by Emin, "Your paintings are stuck, you are stuck! – Stuck! Stuck! Stuck!" (that is, stuck in the past for not accepting the YBA approach to art). He recorded the incident in the poem, "Poem for a Pissed Off Wife" published inBig Hart and BallsHangman Books1994, from whichCharles Thomson,who knew them both, later coined the term Stuckism.

Emin and Childish had remained on friendly terms up until 1999, but the activities of the Stuckist group offended her and caused a lasting rift with Childish. In a 2003 interview, she was asked about the Stuckists:

I don't like it at all… I don't really want to talk about it. If your wife was stalked and hounded through the media by someone she'd had a relationship with when she was 18, would you like it? That's what happened to me. I don't find it funny, I find it a bit sick, and I find it very cruel, and I just wish people would get on with their own lives and let me get on with mine.

Childish left the Stuckist movement in 2001.

Modern Art Oxford (2002–03)

From November 2002 to January 2003, Tracey Emin's solo exhibitionThis Is Another Placewas held atModern Art Oxfordand marked the museum's reopeningand renaming toModern Art Oxford.The exhibition was Emin's first British exhibition since 1997.The exhibition contained drawings,etchings, film, neon works such asFuck off and die, you slag,and sculptures including a large-scale wooden pier, calledKnowing My Enemy,with a wooden shack on top made from reclaimed timber.

Emin commented that she decided to exhibit in Oxford as museum directorAndrew Nairnehad always been "a big supporter of my work".An exhibition catalogue included 50 illustrations: "a compilation of images and writings reflecting her life, her sexual experiences and her desires and fears."

Momart fire (2004)

On 24 May 2004, a fire in aMomartstorage warehouse in East London destroyed many works from theSaatchi collection,including Emin's famous tent with appliquéd letters,Everyone I Have Ever Slept With 1963–1995( "The Tent" ) (1995) andThe Last Thing I Said To You Is Don't Leave Me Here( "The Hut" ) (1999), Emin's blue wooden beach hut that she bought with fellow artistSarah Lucasand shared with her boyfriend of the time, the galleristCarl Freedman.Emin spoke out angrily against what she perceived as a general public lack of sympathy, and even amusement, at the loss of the artworks in the fire.She commented, "I'm also upset about those people whose wedding got bombed last week [in Iraq], and people being dug out from under 400ft of mud in the Dominican Republic."

Venice Biennale (2007)

In August 2006, theBritish Councilannounced that they had chosen Emin to produce a show of new and past works for the British Pavilion at the 52ndVenice Biennalein 2007. Emin was the second woman to produce a solo show for the UK at the Biennale, followingRachel Whitereadin 1997. Andrea Rose, the commissioner for the British Pavilion, stated that the exhibition would allow Emin's work to be viewed "in an international context and at a distance from theYBAgeneration with which she came to prominence. ".

Emin picked the titleBorrowed Lightfor the exhibition. She produced new work especially for the British Pavilion, using a wide variety of media – from needlework, photography and video to drawing, painting, sculpture and neon. A promotional British Council flyer included an image of a previously unseen monoprint for the exhibition calledFat Minge(1994) that was included in the show, while theTelegraphnewspaperfeatured a photo of a new purple neonLegs I(2007) that was on display (directly inspired by Emin's 2004 purple watercolourPurple Virginseries). Emin summed up her Biennale exhibition work as "Pretty and hard-core".

Emin was interviewed about the Venice Biennale by the BBC'sKirsty Warkin November 2006. Emin showed Wark some work-in-progress, which included large-scale canvases with paintings of Emin's legs and vagina. Starting with thePurple Virgin(2004) acrylic watercolour series with their strong purple brush strokes depicting Emin's naked open legs, leading to Emin's paintings in 2005-6 such asAsleep Alone With Legs Open(2005), theReincarnation(2005) series andMasturbating(2006) amongst others, these works were a significant new development in her artistic output.

Andrea Rose, the British Pavilion commissioner, added to this commenting on the art Emin has produced, "It's remarkably ladylike. There is no ladette work – no toilet with a poo in it – and actually it is very mature I think, quite lovely. She is much more interested in formal values than people might expect, and it shows in this exhibition. It's been revelatory working with her. Tracey's reputation for doing shows and hanging them is not good, but she's been a dream to work with. What it shows is that she's moved a long way away from the YBAs. She's quite a lady actually!"

Royal Academician (2007)

On 29 March 2007, Tracey Emin was made a Royal Academician by the Royal Academy of Arts. In becoming a member of the Royal Academy Emin joined an elite group of artists that includesDavid Hockney,Peter Blake, Anthony Caro and Alison Wilding. Her Academician status entitles Emin to exhibit up to six works in the annual summer exhibition.

Emin had previously been invited to include works at the R.A. Summer Exhibitions of 2007, 2006, 2005, 2004 and 2001. For 2004's Summer Exhibition, Emin was chosen by fellow artist David Hockney to submit two monoprints, one calledAnd I'd Love To Be The One(1997) and another on the topic of Emin's abortion calledRipped Up(1995), as that year's theme celebrated the art of drawing as part of the creative process, while 2007 saw Emin exhibit a neon work calledAngel(2005). Her art was first exhibited at the Royal Academy as part of theSensationexhibition in 1997.

For the June 2008 Summer Exhibition, Emin was invited to curate a gallery.Emin also gave a public talk in June 2008 interviewed by art critic and broadcasterMatthew Collings,contemplating her role within the Royal Academy, the Academy's relationship to the contemporary art world, and her perspective, as an artist, on hanging and curating a gallery in the Summer Exhibition.She exhibited her famous "Space Monkey – We Have Lift Off" print at the 2009 Royal Academy Summer Exhibition.

Twenty Yearsretrospective (2008)

The first major retrospective of Emin's work was held inEdinburghbetween August and November 2008attracting over 40,000 visitors, breaking theScottish National Gallery of Modern Art's record for an exhibition of work by a living artist.

The large-scale exhibition included the full range of Emin's art from the rarely seen early work to the iconicMy Bed(1998) and the room-sized installationExorcism of the Last Painting I Ever Made(1996). The show displayed her unique appliquéd blankets, paintings, sculptures, films, neons, drawings and monoprints. The Scottish National Gallery of Modern Art was the only UK venue for the show which then went to the Centro de Arte Contemporáneo inMálaga,Spain and then to the Kunstmuseum in Bern, Switzerland from 2009.

It was reported on 6 November 2008 that Emin gifted a major sculpture to theScottish National Gallery of Modern Artas a "thank you"to both the gallery and the city of Edinburgh. The work calledRoman Standard(2005) comprises a 13-foot-tall (4.0 m) bronze pole, surmounted by a little bird, cast in bronze. The work has an estimated value of at least £75,000.

Love Is What You Wantretrospective (2011)

In May–August 2011, a major survey exhibition at London'sHayward Galleryconsisted of work from all aspects of Emin's art practice,revealing facets of the artist and her work that are frequently overlooked.The exhibition included painting, drawing, photography, textiles, video and sculpture, with rarely before seen early works alongside more recent large-scale installations. Emin made a new series of outdoor sculptures especially for this solo show.

The Vanishing Lake – Frieze Fair (2011)

On 6 October 2011, Emin opened a site-specific exhibition at a Georgian house onFitzroy Square.The title is taken from her novel which has served as a catalyst for a series of works, created for a neoclassical house designed by Robert Adam in 1794. The exhibition also featured a series of embroidered texts and hand-woven tapestries which continued Emin's interest in domestic and handcrafted traditions.Emin herself has said that, "I called it that because I saw part of myself as drying and not there anymore and I wanted to question the whole idea of love and passion, whether love exists anymore...Why? Because I'm nearly 50, I'm single, because I don't have children."

London 2012 Olympic and Paralympic Games

Emin was a mentor on theBA Great Britons Programme.She also produced a poster and limited edition print for theLondon 2012Olympic and Paralympic Games, one of only 12 British artists selected.On 19 July 2012, Emin carried the Olympic torch through her hometown of Margate.

Joint exhibit with Edvard Munch

In December 2020, Emin had a gallery exhibition containing works byEdvard Munch,entitledThe Loneliness of the Soul,at the Royal Academy of Arts. Emin selected 19 pieces of Munch's work to be displayed alongside 25 pieces of her own.Simultaneously, she had a show at London'sWhite Cubegallery which included a shortSuper-8film in tribute to Munch.

The exhibition was re-shown at the newly openedMunch Museumin Oslo, with Emin being the first artist to show alongside the Norwegian painter.Works included recent paintings, as well as her seminal workMy Bed.Emin had suffered from cancer in the year before the exhibit, and was unsure whether she would be able to see it herself.The exhibition travelled to theRoyal Academy of Artsin London in 2021.Reviewing the exhibition for Londonist,Tabish Khansaid “It captures that sense of loneliness I've struggled to put into words, and left me emotionally spent".

By The Time You See Me There Will Be Nothing Left(2024)

An exhibition of Emin's work produced post-cancer diagnosis began on May 24th 2024 and will continue until July 27th. The show includesYou Keep Fucking Meand is held in theXavier Hufkensgallery in Brussels. She toldThe Guardian,"It's the best show I have ever done."

Artistic work

Monoprints

Emin'smonoprintsare a well documented part of her creative output. These unique drawings represent a diaristic aspect and frequently depict events from the past for example,Poor Love(1999),From The Week of Hell '94(1995) andRipped Up(1995), which relate to a traumatic experience after an abortion or other personal events as seen inFuck You Eddy(1995) andSad Shower in New York(1995) which are both part of the Tate's collection of Emin's art.

Often they incorporate text as well as image, although some bear only text and others only image. The text appears as the artist's stream of consciousness voice. Some critics have compared Emin's text-only monoprints to ransom notes. The rapid, one-off technique involved in making monoprints is perfectly suited to (apparently) immediate expression, as is Emin's scratchy and informal drawing style. Emin frequently misspells words, deliberately or due to the speed at which she did each drawing. In a 2002 interview withLynn Barber,Emin said, "It's not cute affectation. If I could spell, then I would spell correctly, but I never bothered to learn. So, rather than be inhibited and say I can't write because I can't spell, I just write and get on with it."

Emin created a key series of monoprints in 1997 with the textSomething's WrongorThere Must Be Something Terebley Wrong With Me[sic] written with spelling mistakes intact in large capital letters alongside "forlorn figures surrounded by space, their outlines fragile on the page. Some are complete bodies, others only female torsos, legs splayed and with odd, spidery flows gushing from their vaginas. They are all accompanied by the legendThere's Something Wrong."

Other key monoprints include a series from 1994 and 1995 known as theIllustrations from Memoryseries which document Emin's childhood memories of sexual awakening and other experiences growing up inMargatesuch asFucking Down An Ally 16/5/95(1995) andIllustrations from Memory, the year 1974. In The Livingroom(1994). Emin further produced a set of monoprints detailing her memories ofMargate's iconic buildings such asMargate Harbour 16/5/95(1995),The Lido 16/5/95(1995) andLight House 15/5/95(1995). Other drawings from 1994 include theFamily Suiteseries, part of theScottish National Gallery of Modern Artcollection, consisting of 20 monoprints with "archetypal themes in Emin's art: sex, her family, her abortions, and Margate".This series of monoprints was displayed for the first time from August 2008 at the Edinburgh based gallery as part of her first major retrospective, which has been called theSummer Blockbusterexhibition.A furtherFamily Suite IIset was exhibited in Los Angeles in November 2007 as part of Emin's solo show at Gagosian gallery.

Emin's monoprints are rarely displayed alone in exhibitions, they're particularly effective as collective fragments of intense emotional confrontation. Emin has made several works documenting painful moments of sadness and loneliness experienced when travelling to foreign cities for various exhibitions such asThinking of You(2005) andBath White I(2005)which were from a series of monoprints drawn directly onto the USA Mondrian hotel stationery.Emin herself has said, "Being an artist isn't just about making nice things, or people patting you on the back; it's some kind of communication, a message."

In 2009, Emin along with book publisherRizzolireleased a book titledOne Thousand Drawings.As the title suggests, the book contains 1000 drawings of Emin's career since 1988. The book was released to coincide with Emin's showThose who suffer loveat White Cube which was mainly a drawings show.Emin said in an interview that "We actually looked at about 2000 drawings and then chose 1000 drawings [for the book]... I'd probably done, over that period of time about 4000 drawings".

Monoprint drawings of mothers and children that Emin drew during a pregnancy in 1990 were included in a 2010 joint exhibition withPaula RegoandMat Collishawat theFoundling Museum.

Rarely exhibited examples of monoprints gifted to friends and family of Emin form a niche but revealing body of work. These may show Emin's work in the most raw and uncensored from. Emin has gifted monoprints to individuals including her brother Paul Eminand the singerCat Stevens(Yusuf Islam) with whom she shares Cypriot heritage.

Painting

Emin displayed six small watercoloursin herTurner Prizeexhibition in 1999, and also in her New York showEvery Part of Me's Bleedingheld that same year, known as theBerlin Watercolourseries (1998). These delicate, washed out but colourful watercolours include four portraits of Emin's face and were all painted by Emin in Berlin during 1998, adapted from Polaroids of the artist taking a bath.Each unique painting from this series share the same title,Berlin The Last Week in April 1998.Simon Wilson, spokesperson for the Tate, commented that Emin included the set of tiny Berlin watercolours "as a riposte to the accusation that there are no paintings"in the Turner Prize exhibitions. The bath theme seen in these watercolours was later revisited by Emin in her photographic workSometimes I Feel Beautiful(2000) and in monoprints such as theBath White(2005) series. With all these works, Emin explores aMary Cassattquality of the "woman in a private moment".

Emin's focus on painting has developed over the past few years, starting with thePurple Virgin(2004) acrylic watercolour series of purple brush strokes depicting her naked open legs, and leading to paintings such asAsleep Alone With Legs Open(2005), theReincarnation(2005) series andMasturbating(2006), among others.

In May 2005, London'sEvening Standardnewspaper highlighted Emin's return to painting in their preview of herWhen I Think About Sexexhibition at White Cube. Other works were nude self-portrait drawings. Emin was quoted as saying, "For this show I wanted to show that I can really draw, and I think they are really sexy drawings."

Work for her 2007 show at theVenice Biennaleincluded large-scale canvases of her legs and vagina. A watercolour series calledThe Purple Virginswere displayed. There are tenPurple Virginworks in total, six of which were shown at the Biennale. These were accompanied by two canvases of a similar style calledHow I Think I Feel 1 and 2.The Venice Biennale was also the first time Emin'sAbortion Watercolourseries, painted in 1990, had ever been shown in public.

Jay Jopling presented a new Emin painting,Rose Virgin(2007), as part of White Cube's stand at the Frieze Art Fair in London's Regent's Park on 10 October 2007. More new paintings are expected to be shown in Emin'sYou Left Me Breathingexhibition in Los Angeles' Gagosian gallery from 2 November 2007, described in a recent interview as an 'exhibition of sculpture and painting'.A number of new paintings were on display includingGet Ready for the Fuck of Your Life(2007).

An article by the art criticAlastair Sooke,published inThe Daily Telegraph,in October 2014, discussed Emin's change of direction from conceptual pieces to painting and sculpture. Sooke claimed that although Emin was appointed Professor of Drawing at the Royal Academy in 2011, she has been taking drawing lessons privately for some years in New York, and that she had also been taking sculpture lessons for at least three years. Neither Emin or Jay Jopling have commented on the article.

Photography

Emin has produced many photographic works throughout her career, includingMonument Valley (Grand Scale)(1995–97)andOutside Myself (Monument Valley, reading "Exploration of the Soul" )(1995)which resulted "from a trip Emin made to the United States in 1994. She and her then boyfriend, writer, curator and gallery ownerCarl Freedman,drove from San Francisco to New York, stopping off along the way to give readings from her 1994 book,Exploration of the Soul.The photograph shows the artist sitting in an upholstered chair inMonument Valley,a spectacular location on the southern border of Utah with northern Arizona, holding her book. Although it is open, it is not clear whether she is looking at the viewer or at the text in front of her. Emin gave her readings sitting in the chair, which she had inherited from her grandmother, which also became part of Emin's art,There's A Lot of Money in Chairs(1994). "

Other photographic works include a series of nine images comprising the workNaked Photos – Life Model Goes Mad(1996) documenting a painting performance Emin made in a room specially built in Galleri Andreas Brändström, Stockholm. Another photographic series,Trying on Clothes From My Friends (She Took The Shirt Off His Back)(1997), shows the artist trying on her friends' clothes offering up questions of identity.

Other works such asI've Got It All(2000) show Emin with her "legs splayed on a red floor, clutching banknotes and coins to her crotch. Made at a time of public and financial success, the image connects the artist's desire for money and success and her sexual desire (her role as consumer) with her use of her body and her emotional life to produce her art (the object of consumption)",whileSometimes I Feel Beautiful(2000) pictures Emin lying alone in a bath. Both these works are examples of her using "large-scale photographs of herself to record and express moments of emotional significance in her life, frequently making reference to her career as an artist. The photographs have a staged quality, as though the artist is enacting a private ritual."

Emin's two self-portraits taken inside her beach hut,The Last Thing I Said To You Is Don't Leave Me Here I(2000) andThe Last Thing I Said To You Is Don't Leave Me Here II(2000) are a diptych although they are often exhibited and sold separately. They depict a naked Emin on her knees inside her beach hut which she and friendSarah Lucashad bought in Whitstable, Kent in 1992.

The hut itself later became the sculptureThe Last Thing I Said To You Is Don't Leave Me Here (The Hut)(1999). They are part of museum collections includingTate Modern,theSaatchi Galleryand theNational Portrait Galleryand have been mass produced as postcards sold in museum shops around the world.

Neon

Emin has also worked withneon lights.One such piece isYou Forgot To Kiss My Soul(2001)which consists of those words in blue neon inside a neon heart-shape. Another neon piece is made from the wordsIs Anal Sex Legal(1998).to complement anotherIs Legal Sex Anal(1998)

For the Venice Biennale, she produced a series of new purple neon works, for example,Legs I(2007).This 2007 series ofLegsneon works were directly inspired by thePurple Virgin(2004) watercolour series. For example,Legs IV(2007)directly follows the watercolour lines of thePurple Virgin 9(2004). For a joint 2010 exhibition with Paula Rego and Mat Collishaw she decorated the front of the Foundling Museum with the neon words "Foundlings and fledglings are angels of this earth".

Emin has donated neon work to auction for charity and in 2007, her neonKeep Me Safereached the highest price ever made for one of her neon works of over £60,000.A brand new neon piece calledWith You I Want To Livewas shown as part of Emin'sYou Left Me Breathingexhibition in 2007 at the Gagosian Gallery in Los Angeles.

In 2018 Emin's largest neon work was displayed at LondonSt Pancras Station,the work calledI Want My Time With Youhangs below the large central clock in the station.In an interview withThe GuardianEmin stated that the work was a message to the rest of europe during theBrexit Crisis.Passengers disembarkingEurostar trainsfrom Paris, Brussels, and Amsterdam arrive at the station every day underneath the work.

Fabric

Emin frequently works with fabric in the form of appliqués – material (often cut out into lettering) sewn onto other material. She collects fabric from curtains, bed sheets and linen and has done so for most of her life. She keeps such material that holds emotional significance for later use in her work. Many of her large-scale appliqués are made on hotel linens, for example,It Always Hurts(2005),Sometimes I Feel So Fucking Lost(2005),Volcano Closed(2001) andHelter Fucking Skelter(2001).Hate And Power Can Be A Terrible Thing(2004), part of the Tate's collection of Emin's work, is a large-scale blanket inspired in part byMargaret Thatcherdue to her involvement in "an attack on 800 boys and men in the Argentinian navy" and other women for example women who steals their friends' boyfriends, Emin says of this work "about the kind of women I hate, the kind of women I have no respect for, women who betray and destroy the hearts of other women".

Emin's use of fabric is diverse, one of her most famous works came from sewing letters onto her grandmother's armchair inThere's A Lot of Money in Chairs(1994). The chair was very detailed, "including her and her twin brother's names, the year of her grandmother's birth (1901) and the year of her death (1963) on either side of the wordsanother world,referring to the passing of time. An exchange between the artist and her grandmother using the nicknames they had for each other:'Ok Puddin, Thanks Plum',covers the bottom front of the chair and a saying of Emin's grandmother's, "There's a lot of money in chairs", is appliquéd in pink along the top and front of its back. Behind the chair back, the first page ofExploration of the Soul,handwritten onto fabric, is appliquéd together with other dictums such as, "It's not what you inherit. It's what you do with your inheritance".

Emin used the chair on a trip Emin made to the United States in 1994. Driving from San Francisco to New York stopping off along the way to give readings from her book,Exploration of the Soul(1994). Emin gave her readings sitting in the upholstered chair and "as she crossed the United States, the artist sewed the names of the places she visited – San Francisco, Los Angeles, San Diego, Las Vegas, Monument Valley, Detroit, Pittsburgh, New York – onto the front of the chair".Emin also posed in the chair for two of her photographic works (see Photography) while in Monument Valley, in the Arizona Desert. It is currently on public display at Pallant House Gallery until 6 March 2011 as part of the exhibition, 'Contemporary Eye: Crossovers', pallant.org.uk. Retrieved 6 May 2016.

Emin has made a large number of smaller-scale works, often including hand sewn words and images, such asFalling Stars(2001),It Could Have Been Something(2001),Always Sorry(2005) andAs Always(2005).

On 13 April 2007, Emin launched a specially designed flag made out of fabric with the messageOne Secret Is To Save Everythingwritten in orange-red letters across the banner made up of hand-sewn swimming sperm. Tracey Emin's flag, at 21 feet by 14 feet, flew above the Jubilee Gardens in the British capital until 31 July 2007, with the parliament building and the London Eye as backdrops. Emin called the artwork "a flag made from wishful thinking".The flag was commissioned by the South Bank Centre in London's Waterloo.

In June 2007, on returning from theVenice Biennale,Emin donated a piece of artwork, a handsewn blanket calledStar Trek Voyagerto be auctioned atElton John's annual glamorous White Tie & Tiara Ball to raise money for The Elton John AIDS Foundation. The piece of artwork sold for £800,000.

Emin's works on fabric has been related to other artists such asLouise Bourgeois,who Emin actually mentions in a sewn work calledThe Older Woman(2005) with the phrase (monoprint on fabric), "I think my Dad should have gone out with someone older like Louise, Louise Bourgeois".She was interviewed byAlan Yentobduring the BBC'sImaginedocumentarySpiderwomanabout Louise Bourgeois, aired in the UK on 13 November 2007.

Found objects

Emin has often made use offound objectsin her work from the early use of a cigarette box found in a car crash in which her uncle died. The most well known example isMy Bed,where she displayed her bed. Another instance is the removal of her beach hut fromWhitstableto be displayed in a gallery. This work was titledThe Last Thing I Said To You Is Don't Leave Me Here (The Hut)(1999).She revisited the theme of the bed in 2002, with the mixed media installation,To Meet My Past(2002),another installation with afour poster bedwith embroidered text such asWeird SexandTo Meet My Pasthanging down alongside the mattress.

She incorporated stones and rocks which had been thrown through her window in a mixed media piece in her 2005 show. The work consists of amonoprintof herself sitting on a chair with the stones lined up below the drawing in a vitrine.The Leg(2004) included a plaster cast inside a vitrine, kept by the artist after she broke her leg, exhibited alongside a C-print photograph of the artist wearing the cast.

May Dodge, My Nan (1993)is also an installation piece that displays relics of personal items significant to Emin. It was exhibited at theWhite Cubein Emins first solo showMy Major Retrospective.May Dodge, My Nanencompasses five condiments separately framed and mounted to the wall in the exhibition. Consisting of A handwritten page of manuscript, two relics and lastly two photographs.From left to right it views: Pasted onto a small paper doily is a magazine cut out of three kittens along with the caption too 'Timmy, Leo and Squashie posing beautifully for the camera'.As well as a small piece of card stuck onto a piece of blue wool which dangles making the shape of a handle below. A coloured photo of past photo of Emin holding a kitten standing next to her grandmother May Dodge sitting at a table in a Kitchen. A black and white photo of both Emin as a little girl and May Dodge her grandmother standing in a garden in the 1960s. A handmade scented pomander that resembles a doll that Emin's grandmother made. The relic made up of sections of soft knitted white cotton fabrics and lace gathered together over its scented stuffing and topped with a plastic doll's head. And lastly the hand written note by Emin herself in blue ink.

Sculpture

In February 2005, Emin's first public artwork,The Roman Standard,a bronze sculpture, went on display outside the Oratory, adjacent toLiverpool Cathedral.It consists of a small bird perched on a tall bronze pole, and is designed so that the bird seems to disappear when viewed from the front. It was commissioned by theBBC."Emin's work stands outside The Oratory, in Upper Duke Street just outside the Cathedral. The Roman Standard – which features a small bird on top of a four-metre high bronze pole – is a tribute to the city's famous symbol the Liver Bird. The sculpture was commissioned by the BBC as part of their contribution to the art05 festival and Liverpool's year as European Capital of Culture in 2008. Emin says the sculpture represents strength and femininity."

In September 2008 she unveiled a neon work that was "installed in the well of the cathedral"Emin herself says of her continuing relationship of making public sculptures in the town, "When Liverpool is Capital of Culture in 2008, I'll be making a large work for the Anglican Cathedral, which I'm really looking forward to."

Other sculptures have includedDeath Mask(2002) which is a bronze cast of her own head. Emin loaned this work to theNational Portrait Galleryin 2005,

The death mask, which enjoyed a popular revival in the nineteenth century, was a method for preserving the final expression and physiognomy of the famous or infamous, largely based on the belief that facial features and proportion could explain personal attributes such as genius or criminality. These likenesses were often produced and distributed in multiples as plaster casts could be taken from a bronze original. Death Masks were most usually made of male subjects. The red appliqué fabric on which Emin's bronze head is placed refers to the frequent use of quilting and embroidery in her work, associated with thedomestic sphereof women, which challenges masculine frameworks of history and art history. Emin, whose work is often based on images of herself, once commented "It is like they have seen my art by seeing me". In this work she offers herself in perpetuity as an enclosed specimen or museum display, literally transforming herself into an object for the scrutiny of generations to come.

At Emin's 2007Venice Biennaleexhibition, as well as the central exhibition'sTowersculptures, tall wooden towers consisting of small pieces of timber piled together, a new small bronze-cast sculpture work of a child's pink sock was revealedSock(2007) on display on the steps of the British Pavilion.Her exhibition again attracted widespread UK media coverage, both positive and negative.

In September 2007, Emin announced she would be exhibiting new sculpture work in the inauguralFolkestoneTriennial which took place in the Kent town from June until September 2008. In June 2008 Emin discussed theFolkestonesculptures, stating the "high percentage" of teenage pregnancies in the Kent town had inspired this latest work.Emin said her contribution would be different pieces placed around the town, "I'm going to be making very tiny bronze-cast items of baby clothing. It's baby clothes that I have found in the street, like a mitten or a sock."

Emin's 2007 solo show atGagosian Galleryin Los Angeles' Beverly Hillsincluded brand new sculpture works described by Emin as, "some very strange little sculptures. They are nearly all of animals, apart from one, which is a pineapple. They rest on mini-plinths made in a really brilliant LA, beach, California, Fifties surfer kind of style. Different woods put together in cute pattern formations. In some places the wood is 18th-century floorboards, some bits of cabin from tall ships or things which could have been found on the seashore – driftwood."The New York Timesincluded Emin in a piece about artists who are "Originals", with a new photograph with two sculptures, one of a small bird on a thin stand and a large seagull, both sculptures placed on wooden plinths.Gagosian further described the many different sculptures from the show as, "a group of delicate wood and jesmonite sculptures, which expand on the spirals, rollercoasters, and bridges of recent years. Others incorporate cast bronze figures – seagulls, songbirds, and frogs – or objects combining cement and glass, which are placed on tables or bundled bases made from found timbers."

In late November 2007, it was announced that Emin was one of six artists to have been shortlisted to propose a sculpture for the fourth plinth in London'sTrafalgar Square.The other shortlisted artists wereJeremy Deller,Antony Gormley,Anish Kapoor,Yinka Shonibare,andBob and Roberta Smith– the professional name ofPatrick Brill.

The contenders were commissioned to produce a scale model of their idea. On 6 January 2008, it was revealed Emin's proposal was a lifesize model of a group of fourmeerkats,the desert mammal.EntitledSomething for the Futureit consisted of a sculpture of four meerkats "as a symbol of unity and safety" as "whenever Britain is in crisis or, as a nation, is experiencing sadness and loss (for example, afterPrincess Diana's funeral), the next programme on television is 'Meerkats United.' "The successful proposal were announced in 2008 as Gormley, whose projectOne & Otheroccupied the plinth in summer 2009 and Shonibare, and whose workNelson's Ship in a Bottlewas unveiled in 2010.

Emin's latest project, commissioned by Oslo Municipality Art Programme, is a 7-metre-tall bronze sculpture, The Mother, to be unveiled on Museum Island, outside the new Munch Museum, when it opens in 2020. (http:// themuseumisland /). From the jury's assessment: 'With its immediate and visceral artistic approach it appears both intimate and majestic, vulnerable and grandiose. The title The Mother refers to a mature protector and the sculpture brings to mind the ubiquitous motifs of women and the nude in Munch's work. As a non‐idealised depiction of a woman made by a woman it can also be seen as a feminist statement.'

Film

• Quiet Lives(1982), featuring Emin and boyfriendBilly Childish—once available withCheatedandRoom for RentinA Hangman Triple Bill(also known asThe Hangman Trilogy).
• Why I Never Became a Dancer(1995) is a single-screen projection with sound, shot on Super 8. Duration: 6 minutes, 40 seconds.It was made in an edition of 10and an edited transcript has been published by Tate.The film portrays the artist's early adolescence in Margate, where she grew up. The film begins with the title written across a wall, and then features a montage of views which are significant to Emin's past, including her school, the seaside and shops. The artist's voice narrates her story, opening with, "I never liked school / I was always late / In fact I hated it / So at thirteen I left." The video's final scenes show Emin's involvement in a local disco-dancing competition, in an attempt to escape to London to take part in the British Disco Dance Championship 1978. The last two minutes of the film consist of Emin dancing exuberantly around an empty studio with the songYou Make Me Feel,bySylvesteralong with a voice overed narration of her saying 'Shane, Eddy, Tony, Doug, Richard … this one's for you'.

In the film, Emin describes leaving school at age 13 and spending her time on Margate's Golden Mile, dreaming and having sex. Sex "was something you could just do and it was for free". She was "13, 14" and having sex with men of "19, 20, 25, 26". In the film, the narration states: "It could be good, really something. I remember the first time someone asked me to grab their balls, I remember the power it gave me. But it wasn't always like that; sometimes they'd just cum, and then they'd leave me there, wherever I was, half naked."In the final scenes, the artist performs at a local dance competition and people begin to clap. A gang of men, "most of whom [the artist] had sex with at one time or another"began to chant "slag, slag, slag".

In an interview withMelvyn Bragg,Emin commented on the incident: "I don't see why I was such a slag. All I did was sleep with a few people. It's not a crime, I didn't kill anyone."

• How It Feels(1996)
• Tracey Emin's CV Cunt Vernacular(1997), an autobiographical work in which Emin narrates her story from childhood in Margate, through her student years, abortions and destruction of her early work.
• Homage to Edvard Munch and all My Dead Children(1998)
• Sometimes the Dress Is Worth More Money Than the Money(2001). ICA.
• Top Spot(2004), a feature-length non-fiction production mi xing DV footage and Super 8 film into a montage. The title, "Top Spot", refers to a youth centre/disco in Margate, as well as being an explicit sexual reference.

Emin has describedTop Spotas being "about the moment of... understanding that you are walking into an adult world which means sex, which means often violence, which means that you may suddenly have some perspective on your own life that you never had before."Top Spotwas given an 18 certificate by the British Board of Film Classification, much to Emin's dismay, as she intended the film for a teenage audience.

Emin withdrew the film from general distribution in cinemas after it was rated with an 18 certificate.It was broadcast on BBC3 television in the UK in December 2004,and a DVD of the film was released in 2004.

Installations

Emin has created a number of installation art pieces includingPoor Thing (Sarah and Tracey)(2001) which was made up of two hanging frames, hospital gowns, a water bottle and wire. A similar installation calledFeeling Pregnant III(2005) made up of fabric hung off wooden and metal coat hangers and stands was a later creation for Emin. Both these installations touch further on Emin's relationship with pregnancy and abortion and can be related toLouise Bourgeois' sculptures such asUntitled(1996), a mobile of hanging clothes, andUntitled(2007), a series of standing bronze sculptures.

The Perfect Place to Grow(2001) was a video installation with a set consisting of a wooden birdhouse, a DVD (shot on Super 8), monitor, trestle, plants, wooden ladder. This installation has been exhibited at the Tate Britain in 2004 in their room dedicated to Emin's work and also White Cube in 2001. It was dedicated to her father, creating the bird house asa tiny home for my dadand Emin thought of the works' title from the idea ofnature and nurture.

Knowing My Enemy(2002) was a large-scale installation created by Emin for herModern Art Oxfordsolo show of that year. Consisting of reclaimed wood and steel, Emin created a wooden "look-out" house upon a long, broken, wooden pier.It's Not the Way I Want to Die(2005) was another large-scale installation, part of Emin's 2005 solo show at White Cube. Emin created a large rollercoaster track with reclaimed timber and metal. Displayed in the same show was a smaller installation work calledSelf Portrait(2005) which consisted of a tin bath, bamboo, wire and neon light.Another related installationSleeping With You(2005) consisted of painted reclaimed timber and a thin neon light across a dark wall.

Selected publications

The following books or book chapters have been authored by Emin:

• Exploration of the Soul(1994).Limited edition, 200 copies, signed inside, with two original colour photographs,provided in a hand-sewn white cloth bag with the two coloured cloth letters "TE" hand sewn in various colours.

An autobiographical short story covering Emin's conception through her life at age 13. Re-released in 2003, in an edition of 1000 by Counter Editions, though without the photographs and cloth bag.

• —, Brown, Neal; Kent, Sarah & Collings, Matthew (1998).Tracey Emin(London: Jay Jopling/White Cube, 1998);ISBN0-9522690-2-3.
• Tracey Emin(2002), Booth-Clibborn.
• The Is Another Place(2002). Oxford: Museum of Modern Art, Oxford, Limited edition, 2002;ISBN1-901352-15-3.
• Details of Depression(2003). Counter Editions, Cyprus/London,with author appearing as Tracey Karima Emin, limited edition, stamped on back cover.Brought together an ancient Arabic poem and a series of photographs taken around the northern part of Cyprus.
• Strangeland(2005). London: Scepter5.ISBN0-340-76944-0.Emin's memoir, divided into three sections ( "Motherland", "Fatherland" and "Traceyland" ), written in the first person, and conveying her life from childhood.Jeanette Wintersonwrote: "Her latest writings are painfully honest, and certainly some of it should have been edited out by someone who loves her."Emin's editor for Strangeland was the British novelistNicholas Blincoe.This book also attracted considerable media coverage, and Billy Childish publicly questioned some of its accounts in newspaper articles.
• I Can Feel Your Smile(2005). New York: Lehmann Maupin.
• Tracey Emin: Works 1963 – 2006(2006). London: Rizzoli.ISBN0-8478-2877-8.
• Borrowed Light: the British Pavilion, Venice Biennale 2007(2007). London: British Council.ISBN0-86355-589-6.
• You Left Me Breathing(2008), Gagosian.
• One Thousand Drawings(2009), Rizzoli.
• Monoprint Diaries(2009), White Cube.
• Those Who Suffer Love(2009).A selection of Tracey Emin'sGQpoems, with accompanying drawings.
• Love Is What You Want(2011).A survey of work from Emin's major show at theHayward Galleryin London.
• My Life in a Column(2011).

Miscellanea

A poster she photocopied and put up around her home when her cat Docket went missing became an object collected by people, but was excluded by Emin from her canon.

In 2000, Emin was commissioned, as part of a scheme throughout London titledArt in Sacred Spaces,to collaborate with children on an artwork at Ecclesbourne Primary School inIslington,north London. Pupils made the piece with her in Emin's style of sewing cut out letters onto a large piece of material. In 2004 the school enquired if Emin would sign the work so that the school could sell it as an original to raise funds. They planned to auction the piece for £35,000 for an arts unit,as it could not afford to display the large work. Emin and her gallery White Cube refused saying that it was not a piece of her art, therefore reducing its value, and requested it be returned.But Emin quickly came to an agreement with the school, where she paid £4,000 to create a perspex display box for the patchwork quilt to be showcased. Taking as her theme the title "Tell me something beautiful", Emin invited eight-year-olds to nominate their ideas of beauty and then to sew the keywords in felt letters on bright fabric squares. The resulting bold patchwork featured words such as "tree", "sunrise", "dolphin" and "nan".

Art critic John Slyce, who has worked on school collaborations with artists, supported Emin and White Cube's decision saying, "This is a horrific precedent for the school to try to set. They were lucky to have an artist of that stature spending that amount of time with them... the artwork should remain in context with the kids. Children's primary experience of art should not be as a commodity."

Emin and feminism

Tracey Emin is one of just two women professors to be appointed at London's Royal Academy of Arts since the Academy was founded in 1768.In February 2013, she was named as one of the 100 most powerful women in the United Kingdom by Woman's Hour on BBC Radio 4.

In response to the question "[D]oes society sufficiently value women artists?", Emin answered, "No. Of course not. But it's changing slowly. We probably just need another 200 years."

Emin does not overtly appear as a feminist artist, nor does she believe so herself. In an interview with Schirn Kunsthalle Frankfurt, Emin stated that she is a feminist, but not a feminist artist.

Emin discusses sexism from the viewpoint of the being a female victim. Though Emin's subversion of feminine stereotypes, Sophie Lloyd in her article describes her work as, "…[embodying] a change in perception of female sexuality that was in line with third-wave feminism, with women defining beauty and sexuality on their own terms."By narrating such harrowed and tortured memories, Emin uses vulnerability to tell not only her own struggles, but the struggles that many women may face while finding themselves.

Emin openly discusses her 1998 installationMy Bedfor audiences and interviewers alike. She has been as saying that, "By realizing how separate I was from it, I separated myself from the bed. I wasn't there any more."This notion of a female using the domestic space and then removing herself from the environment, thus confronting stereotypes and taboos in a confessional work was a controversial event. Feminists critics have described Emin as using the historical notion of the bedroom and its importance for female experiences, as a site for crude intervention.

John Molyneux explains in his articleEmin Matters,that her work revolves around class, sex and art itself. He writes that, "What she does do is present herself as culturally working class…She makes no attempt to engage in 'intellectual art speak' but sticks to unaffected everyday language," employing a strategy that doesn't place her in authority over her viewers or peers.However, her class background contradicts this tactic of equal understanding. Emin's mother until age seven owned a hotel in Margate, but bankruptcy and poverty ensued only when she broke up with Emin's father.While she may use street language, swear words, grammatical errors and misspellings to convey a primarily middle-class female experience, Emin now functions as a Boss of her own art business and exists within the elite upper class.Her relationship with sex is a major theme and aspect of her work. Feminist writers have reviewed Emin's pieces as containing, "…no element of eroticism or titillation…unlike in Botticelli, Renoir or Klimt. Nor is it sexual fantasy or dreams, as we might find in surrealism, or the sex of the brothel featured so heavily in late 19th-century French art. It is real, everyday sex—as experienced by her, of course, but also by millions of other people".

Confessional nature of Emin's work

While studying painting at the Royal College of Art Emin became disenchanted with the art of painting, "the idea of being a bourgeois artist, making paintings that just got hung in rich people's houses was a really redundant, old fashioned idea that made no sense for the times that we were living in."She felt there was no point in making art that someone had made decades or centuries before her, "I had to create something totally new or not at all". When asked by a reporter, when she decided that her life 'as Tracey Emin' was going to be her art, she replied ' "I realised that I was much better than anything I'd ever made".

Roberta Smith ofThe New Yorkersays the following about Tracey's work: "In her art she tells all, all the truths, both awful and wonderful, but mostly awful, about her life. Physical and psychic pain in the form of rejection, incest, rape, abortion and sex with strangers figure in this tale, as do love, passion and joy."

Music

In 1998, Emin duetted with pop singerBoy Georgeon a song called "Burning Up", released on an 18 track audio CD that accompanied the bookWe love you.

In 2005, Emin compiled a CD of her favourite music calledMusic To Cry To,which was released and sold by the UK household furnishings retailer and brandHabitat.

In 2009, Emin designed the album artwork for a release by singer/songwriterHarper Simon,son ofPaul Simon.The front cover depicts an aeroplane, drawn in Emin's scratchy monoprint style.

Health

In spring 2020 Emin was diagnosed with squamous-cellbladder cancer.She underwent an operation to remove her bladder and several adjacent organs (radical cystectomyand fullhysterectomy) that summer 2020, and this left her inremission,but with astoma.

In December 2023, Emin was travelling from Australia to Thailand on the way back to the United Kingdom, when she experienced complications from an operation on hersmall intestine,which she said "nearly exploded". She was subsequently hospitalised inPhuket,Thailand.

Charity work

Emin is well known for her charity work; she has raised over a million pounds for children's charities such as theNSPCCand for HIV/AIDS charities including theTerrence Higgins Trust.She frequently donates original artworks for charity auctions, and has often adopted the role of auctioneer on the charity night to help increase the highest bid.

In June 2007, on returning from theVenice Biennale,Emin donated a piece of artwork, a handsewn blanket calledStar Trek Voyagerto be auctioned atElton John's annual glamorous White Tie & Tiara Ball to raise money for The Elton John AIDS Foundation. The piece of artwork sold for £800,000.Also in June 2007, Emin's neon workKeep Me Safereached the highest price ever (at that time) made for one of her neon works of over £60,000.

Emin has participated inThe Independentnewspaper'sChristmas Appealfor many years, where she has offered for auction bespoke artworks and also drawing lessons with the artist. In December 2006, her lot raised £14,000 for a one-on-one drawing lesson, over champagne and cake, with the artist.The following year, in December 2007, her lot raised £25,150 for their appeal offering a special unique drawing of the highest bidder's pet embroidered onto a cushion in Emin's trademark style.

In January 2008, Emin went to Uganda where she had set up the brand new "Tracey Emin Library" at the rural Forest High School. She explained in her newspaper column, "Schools here don't have libraries. In fact, rural areas have very little. Most have no doctor, no clinic, no hospital; schools are few and far between. Education cannot afford to be a priority, but it should be... I think this library may be just the beginning."

OnValentine's Day2008, Emin donated a red, heart-shaped neon artwork calledI Promise To Love You(2007) for a charity auction to raise money forThe Global Fund,which helps women and children affected by HIV/AIDS in Africa. The auction was called(Auction) RED.The work sold for a record price $220,000,which was much higher than the guide estimates of between $60,000 and $80,000.

In 2023 Tracey Emin opened TKE Studios in Margate housing affordable spaces for professional artists to work (TKE Studio Members), as well as the ‘Tracey Emin Artist Residency’ (TEAR) programme.TKE Studio Members includeStudio Lenca,Vanessa RawandLindsey Mendick.Graduates of TEAR includeBianca Raffaella,Helen Teede and Emmie Nume.

Political activities

Tracey Emin withBoris Johnsonin 2010. Both are prominentBritons of Turkish heritage.

Emin has been a critic ofBritain's income tax regime,stating "I'm simply not willing to pay tax at 50%", she is "very seriously considering leaving Britain", and suggests she will live in France. "The French have lower tax rates and they appreciate arts and culture."Emin has since denied that she intends to leave the country, stating that a journalist she spoke to previously exaggerated her comments, and that London is her home, and is the context in which she belongs.

The Independentnewspaper reported in August 2010 that Emin is thought of as a supporter of theConservative Party.

In an interview withNew Statesmanshe revealed that she voted for the Conservatives at the2010 general election,adding, "We've got the best government at the moment that we've ever had."She has stated that she is an 'outsider' in the art world, as a result of voting Conservative. She is aroyalist.

In April 2014, Emin, who has a home and studio in Spitalfields, publicly called to save an East London newsagent who faced eviction fromOld Spitalfields Market,after 22 years in business. She started a petition to save newsagent Ashok Patel's business, which was signed by 1,000 people.

In August 2014, Emin was one of 200 public figures who were signatories to a letter toThe Guardianexpressing their hope that Scotland would vote to remain part of the United Kingdom in September'sreferendum on that issue.

Awards and honours

In 2007, London's Royal Academy of Arts elected Tracey Emin as a Royal Academician and four years later, the Academy appointed Emin a Professor of Drawing. The University of Kent also awarded Emin an honorary doctorate in 2007.

Emin was appointedCommander of the Order of the British Empire(CBE) in the2013 New Year Honoursfor services to the arts.In February 2013, she was named one of the 100 most powerful women in the United Kingdom byWoman's HouronBBC Radio 4.

Emin was made an honorary freewoman of Margate in 2022.

Emin was appointedDame Commander of the Order of the British Empire(DBE) in the2024 Birthday Honoursfor services to art.

Art market

Emin's primary galleries are White Cube in London (since 1993), Lorcan O'Neill in Rome andXavier Hufkensin Brussels.In 2017, Emin and Lehmann Maupin ended their working relationship.

Charles Saatchi,who was best known as the most high-profile, high-spending collector of contemporary British art, boughtMy Bed(1998) for £150,000 ($248,000) from Lehmann Maupin's "Every Part of Me's Bleeding," the exhibition that won the artist a nomination for the 1999Turner Prize.In 2013, on the occasion of aChristie'sLondon sale that raised a total of 3.1 million pounds ($5 million) in aid of theSaatchi Gallery's policy of free entry,To Meet My Past(2002) sold for $778,900, establishing a new record for the artist.At another Christie's auction in 2014,My Bedwas sold to White Cube founding directorJay Joplingfor 2.5 million pounds, including buyer's commission, once again to benefit the Saatchi Gallery's foundation.It was estimated that the price ofMy Bedwould sell between 800,000 and 1.2 million pounds.Before the sale, Emin said that "what I would really love is that someone did buy it and they donated it to the Tate."

Her most commonly auctioned sculptural works are phrases in her own handwriting set in neon, usually issued in editions of three, with two artist's proofs. In 2011, British Prime MinisterDavid Cameronadded an artwork with 'more passion' in neon by Emin in his private apartment at10 Downing Street.In January 2022, Emin requested that the artwork be removed in response to theWestminster lockdown parties controversy.

In April 2014, Emin participated at The Other Art Fair for unrepresented artists.

Like A Cloud of Blood(2022), among the first paintings Emin made following her six-month recovery from cancer treatment, was sold by the artist in October 2022 at Christie's, to benefit the Tracey Emin Foundation, in support the work of TKE Studios, a subsidised professional artist's studios with an additional twenty residencies including a free arts educational program. The deeply personal large-scale canvas sold for £2,322,000 — a new record price for a painting by the artist.

See also

• What Do Artists Do All Day?

Further reading

• Elliot, Patrick and Schnabel, Julian.Tracey Emin: Twenty Years(National Galleries of Scotland, 2008);ISBN978-1-906270-08-7.
• Brown, Neal.Tracey Emin (Tate's Modern Artists Series)(London: Tate, 2006);ISBN1-85437-542-3.
• Doyle, Jennifer.Sex Objects: Art and the Dialectics of Desire(Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 2006);ISBN0-8166-4526-4.
• Grosenick, Uta; Riemschneider, Burkhard, eds. (2005).Art Now(25th anniversary ed.). Köln: Taschen. pp. 100–103.ISBN9783822840931.OCLC191239335.
• Merck, Mandy and Townsend, Chris (eds).The Art of Tracey Emin(London: Thames & Hudson, 2002);ISBN0-500-28385-0
• Remes, Outi. "After Bad Taste: Tracey Emin's Work on Abortion and Other Confessions" in Harris, Jonathan (ed.),Inside the Death Drive Excess and Apocalypse in the World of the Chapman Brothers(Liverpool: Liverpool University Press and Tate Liverpool, 2010), pp. 119–43;ISBN978-1-84631-192-5.
• Remes, Outi. "Replaying the Old Stereotypes into an Artistic Role: the case of Tracey Emin" inWomen's History Review(Vol. 18, No. 4, September 2009), pp. 561–77.

External links

• 8 artworks by or after Tracey Eminat theArt UKsite
• Film about joint 2010 exhibition with Paula Rego and Mat Collishaw at the Foundling Museum – The Guardian
• Interview onThe Guardianwebsiteon her debut filmTop Spot
• Interview inThe Observerabout Margate
• Tracey Emin interviewed inThe Guardianabout Momart Fire
• h2g2 article on Tracey Emin
• "Mad Tracey From Margate" dvd
• Tracey Emin I Egon Schiele "Where I Want to Go" Exhibition at Leopold Museum Vienna.Interview with exhibition co-curator Diethard Leopold