UCI ProTour
| Sport | Road bicycle racing |
|---|---|
| Founded | 2005 |
| Ceased | 2010 |
| No. of teams | 19(Others invited on race by race basis) |
| Countries | International |
| Last champion(s) | Alejandro Valverde(2008) Caisse d'Epargne(2008) Spain (2008) |
TheUCI ProTourwas a series ofroad bicycle racesin Europe, Australia and Canada organised by theUCI(International Cycling Union). Created byHein Verbruggen,former president of the UCI, it comprises a number of 'ProTour'cycling teams,each of whom are required to compete in every round of the series. It was initially the basis of a season long competition for rankings points, created for2005to replace theUCI Road World Cupseries, which ended at the end of the 2004 season (although the World Cup did not include anystage races). The ProTour was the subject of continuing disputes involving the UCI, cycling teams, and the organizers of the world's most prominent bicycle races (most notably, theGrand Tours), and in 2009 and 2010 the ranking element of the ProTour was superseded by theUCI World Ranking.For 2011, the ProTour and World Ranking were fully merged into theUCI World Tour.ProTour status for teams – relabelled UCI ProTeams – will continue as the highest level of registration, and will carry the right and obligation to participate in all World Tour races.[1]
Licensing
[edit]The ProTour licences are given to a maximum of 20 teams, to which sponsors must commit multiple years of sponsorship (4 years at the ProTour's inauguration). The exception to this rule was thePhonakteam, which was given only a two-year licence due to previous doping allegations. Licence holders can apply for registration each year, which is dependent upon a check on contracts and budgets.
After 2005, theFassa BortoloandDomina Vacanzeteams folded and the vacant places were given toAG2R PrévoyanceandTeam Milramrespectively. Following the 2006 season the designated replacement principal sponsor for thePhonak Hearing Systems team,iShares,pulled its support as a results of theFloyd Landis doping scandaland the team was disbanded. TheUnibet Cycling Teamreceived Phonak's ProTour license, and the Swiss-based, Kazakh-backedAstana Teamreceived the license previously owned byManolo Saizand hisLiberty Seguros–Würth.Unibet andDiscovery Channeldiscontinued after the 2007 season, bringing down the number of ProTour teams to 18. At the end of 2008, another two teams dropped out:Crédit AgricoleandGerolsteiner.Their licenses were taken over byGarmin–SlipstreamandTeam Katusha.Bbox Bouygues TelecomandCofidiswere denied licence renewals for the 2010 season, and new licences were given toTeam SkyandTeam RadioShack.AlthoughLampre–Farnese Vinihad had its licence renewed until 2013, its registration (a separate process from licensing, concerning finances) for 2010 season was temporarily rejected, but restored after they had missed one race. UCI bylaws were later changed to require a team to be registered before its license is granted or renewed, to avoid a repeat of this situation.
History
[edit]Season-long competitions for professional road racing were first instituted in 1948, and continued until the late 1980s when the UCI instituted theUCI Road World Cupseries which ran until 2004.
In replacing the World Cup, the ProTour was designed to follow the format of theFormula Onemotor-racing series, and was intended to address several concerns:
- TheGrand Tourswere not part of the UCI Road World Cup series
- Different riders and different teams targeted different types of races, making direct comparisons difficult
- Team sponsorships tended to last only a very few years
- Many teams had financial difficulty in paying their riders and staff members
- Several teams had been plagued by doping issues
The UCI lobbied the organizers of the Grand Tours to participate in the ProTour, and was successful in obtaining their agreement despite prior disagreements and threats to completely pull out of the ProTour.
The ProTour has been criticized for not having a system in place for a timelyupgrade and downgrade of teamsfrom/to the lower-tierUCI Continental Circuits.
UCI versus Grand Tour organisers
[edit]Originally, UCI and the organisers of the Grand Tours had been unable to come to terms on the 2006 UCI ProTour, with the result that the status of both the Grand Tours and some of the other races organised by those organisations behind the Grand Tours was unclear until well into the season, but they were eventually included.
During the 2007 UCI ProTour season, theASO,RCSand Unipublic, organisers of theTour de France,Giro d'ItaliaandVuelta a Españarespectively, remained at odds with each other. The primary reason was that grand tour organisers wanted more freedom to invite popular national teams (e.g., UCI Professional Continental teams) and the right to exclude some UCI ProTour teams such asUnibet.Failure to achieve agreement lead UCI chairmanPat McQuaidto send a letter in February 2008 to all professional teams urging them toboycottParis–Nice because it was an 'outlawed' race. In response, theAIGCP(Association International des Groupes Cyclistes Professionels) announced that the teams had unanimously decided to take part in Paris–Nice, the organisation of which was to be taken over by theFrench Cycling Federation.[2]Quick Stepteam managerPatrick Lefeverecommented: "I'm more than fed up with all the arguing. ASO and UCI don't know how much damage they are doing to the sport. What am I supposed to tell my sponsors? This conflict has been going on for three years and is escalating all the time. Can the teams be certain that they will be able to take part in the Tour de France later in the year?".[3]
From 2008, the ProTour was largely devalued by the withdrawal from its calendar of the threeGrand Tours,namely theTour de France,Giro d'ItaliaandVuelta a España,as well as the early-season stage raceParis–Niceand key single-day events such asParis–Roubaix,Milan–San Remo,Liège–Bastogne–Liège,La Flèche Wallonneand theGiro di Lombardia.
On 15 July 2008, the 17 ProTour teams participating in the2008 Tour de Franceannounced that none of them would seek ProTour licenses for the 2009 season,[4]but in the end all but two of them re-committed[citation needed].In 2008 theTour Down Underin Australia became the first ProTour event to be held outside Europe.
In 2009 UCI and organizers had agreement that events will be counted towardsUCI World Ranking,which also included, in its first two seasons, Professional Continental teams. Grand Tour organizers kept the right to choose teams for the races, and also some of the teams chose not to race certain races. From 2011, all races on the World Calendar, those that yield World Ranking points, are to be classified as World Tour events, and the Pro Tour as a distinct series of races is to be discontinued.
Events
[edit]Key:
:Included in ProTour
:Race held, but not as part of ProTour- N/A: Race not held, or not as elite professional race
| Date | Race | Country | Type | 2005 | 2006 | 2007 | 2008 | 2009 | 2010 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mid-late January | Tour Down Under |  Australia
|
1-week stage |
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| Early-mid March | Paris–Nice |  France
|
1-week stage |
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| Early-mid March | Tirreno–Adriatico |  Italy
|
1-week stage |
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| Mid March | Milan–San Remo | Italy
|
1-day |
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| Mid May (2005–2009) Late March (2010) |
Volta a Catalunya |  Spain
|
1-week stage |
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| Late March – early April | Gent–Wevelgem |  Belgium
|
1-day |
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| Early April | Tour of Flanders | Belgium
|
1-day |
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| Early April | Tour of the Basque Country | Spain
|
1-week stage |
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| Early April | Paris–Roubaix | France
|
1-day |
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| Mid April | Amstel Gold Race |  Netherlands
|
1-day |
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| Mid April | La Flèche Wallonne | Belgium
|
1-day |
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| Mid-late April | Liège–Bastogne–Liège | Belgium
|
1-day |
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| Late April – early May | Tour de Romandie |  Switzerland
|
1-week stage |
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| May – early June | Giro d'Italia | Italy
|
3-week stage |
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| Early June | Critérium du Dauphiné | France
|
1-week stage |
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| Mid June | Tour de Suisse | Switzerland
|
1-week stage |
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| Mid June | Eindhoven Team Time Trial | Netherlands
|
Team time trial |
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— | — | — |
| July | Tour de France | France
|
3-week stage |
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| Early-mid August | Deutschland Tour |  Germany
|
1-week stage |
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— | — |
| Mid August | Clásica de San Sebastián | Spain
|
1-day |
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| Early-mid September (Early August from 2009) |
Tour de Pologne |  Poland
|
1-week stage |
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| Mid-late August (Early August in 2005) |
Eneco Tour | BelgiumNetherlands
|
1-week stage |
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| Late August – September | Vuelta a España | Spain
|
3-week stage |
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| Late August (2005–2010) | GP Ouest-France | France
|
1-day |
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| Late July (2005–2006) August – September (since 2007) |
EuroEyes Cyclassics (formerHEW / Vattenfall Cyclassics) |
Germany
|
1-day |
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| Early-mid September | Grand Prix Cycliste de Québec |  Canada
|
1-day | — | — | — | — | — |
|
| Early-mid September | Grand Prix Cycliste de Montréal | Canada
|
1-day | — | — | — | — | — |
|
| Early October | Züri-Metzgete | Switzerland
|
1-day |
|
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— | — | — | — |
| Early-mid October | Paris–Tours | France
|
1-day |
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| Mid October | Giro di Lombardia | Italy
|
1-day |
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History of team participation
[edit]Dark grey indicates that the team was not operating in the year in question. Mid-grey indicates that the team was competing at a lower level in the year in question.
UCI ProTour winners
[edit]| Year | Top Ranked Individual | Top Ranked Team | Top Ranked Nation |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2005 | Danilo Di Luca(ITA) Liquigas–Bianchi |
Team CSC | Italy
|
| 2006 | Alejandro Valverde(ESP) Caisse d'Epargne–Illes Balears |
Team CSC | Spain
|
| 2007 | Cadel Evans(AUS) Predictor–Lotto |
Team CSC | Spain
|
| 2008 | Alejandro Valverde(ESP) Caisse d'Epargne |
Caisse d'Epargne | Spain
|
In 2009 and 2010, the season-long competition element of the ProTour was replaced by the2009 UCI World Rankingand the2010 UCI World Ranking.
See also
[edit]References
[edit]- ^VeloNewsConfusion continues as ProTour teams will start all 26 races in new UCI World Tour ".
- ^Cycling teams to take part in Paris-Nice (in Dutch)
- ^UCI asks teams to boycott Paris-Nice (in Dutch)
- ^Agence France-Presse, 15 July 2008."17 teams will not seek ProTour licenses for '09"Archived18 July 2008 at theWayback Machine
- ^Later in the season known asFDJ
- ^Later in the season known asIlles Balears–Caisse d'Epargne
- ^Later in the season known asLampre–Farnese
- ^Later in the season known asWürth
- ^Later in the season known asLiquigas–Doimo
- ^Later in the season known asScott–American Beef
- ^Later in the season known asTeam High Road
- ^Later in the season known asTeam Columbia
- ^Later in the season known asTeam Columbia–HTC
- ^During the season, the team's name changed toCSC–Saxo Bank
Bibliography
[edit]- Luca Rebeggiani/Davide Tondani:Organizational Forms in Professional Cycling – Efficiency Issues of the UCI Pro Tour(describes strengths and weaknesses of the UCI ProTour from a social scientists' point of view)
