United Kingdom Independent Broadcasting
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| Predecessor | Independent Television Companies Association (ITCA) |
|---|---|
| Formation | 1981 |
| Type | Affiliation of broadcasters |
Membership | ITV,Channel 4,S4C |
Official language | English,Welsh |
United Kingdom Independent Broadcasting(UKIB) is an affiliation of threeBritishindependenttelevisionproduction companies and broadcasters. The primary function of its predecessor, the Independent Television Companies Association (ITCA), was to represent independent British television interests as a member of theEuropean Broadcasting Union(EBU). The current members of UKIB are theITVnetwork centre, the 4ITVlicence holders,Channel 4,andS4C.
History[edit]
 | This sectionneeds additional citations forverification.(February 2021) |
UKIB was formed in 1981, when the Association of Independent Radio Contractors (AIRC)[1]was admitted as an active member of theEuropean Broadcasting Union(EBU). It replaced theIndependent Broadcasting Authority(IBA), formerly theIndependent Television Authority(ITA) as the second British EBU member.
Once ITCA was admitted as a fully active EBU member, the AIRC joined with UKIB to form the Commercial Radio Companies Association (CRCA) in June 1996. In July 2006, it merged with theRadio Advertising Bureauto formRadiocentre,the industry body for UK commercial radio.[2]Following the merger, CRCA cancelled its EBU membership.[3][4]
The IBA continued to exist until it was disbanded by theBroadcasting Act 1990,which replaced it with theIndependent Television Commission(ITC) and theRadio Authority.[5]
Members[edit]
| Service name | Broadcast area | Licence holder[6] | Broadcast since[Note 1] | Parent company | EBU abbreviation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ITV Network | |||||
| ITV1 STV UTV |
United Kingdom, Channel Islands, and Isle of Man | ITV Network Limited | 1955 | ITV plc STV Group plc |
UKIB/ITV |
| ITV (Channel 3) companies | |||||
| ITV Anglia | East of England | ITV Broadcasting Limited | 1959 | ITV plc | UKIB/ITV/ANG |
| ITV Border | England–Scotland border | ITV Broadcasting Limited | 1961 | ITV plc | UKIB/ITV/BTV |
| ITV Central | Midlands[Note 2] | ITV Broadcasting Limited | 1956 | ITV plc | UKIB/ITV/CEN |
| ITV Channel Television | Channel Islands | ITV Broadcasting Limited | 1962 | ITV plc | UKIB/ITV/CHA |
| ITV Granada | North West England[Note 3]andIsle of Man[Note 4] | ITV Broadcasting Limited | 1956 | ITV plc | UKIB/ITV/GRA |
| ITV London(Carlton) | London Weekday | ITV Broadcasting Limited | 1955 | ITV plc | UKIB/ITV/LDN |
| ITV London(LWT) | London Weekend | ITV Broadcasting Limited | 1955 | ITV plc | |
| ITV Meridian | SouthandSouth East England | ITV Broadcasting Limited | 1958 | ITV plc | UKIB/ITV/MER |
| ITV Tyne Tees | North East England | ITV Broadcasting Limited | 1959 | ITV plc | UKIB/ITV/TTT |
| ITV Wales | Wales | ITV Broadcasting Limited | 1958 | ITV plc | UKIB/ITV/WALES |
| ITV West | West of England | ITV Broadcasting Limited | 1958 | ITV plc | UKIB/ITV/WEST |
| ITV West Country | South West England | ITV Broadcasting Limited | 1961 | ITV plc | UKIB/ITV/WES |
| ITV Yorkshire | Yorkshire,Lincolnshire,and NorthNorfolk | ITV Broadcasting Limited | 1956 | ITV plc | UKIB/ITV/YTV |
| STV Central | Central Scotland | STV Central Limited | 1957 | STV Group plc | UKIB/STV |
| STV North | North of Scotland | STV North Limited | 1961 | STV Group plc | UKIB/STVN |
| UTV | Northern Ireland | UTV Limited | 1959 | ITV plc | UKIB/ITV/UTV |
| Channel 4 | |||||
| Channel 4 | England, Scotland, Wales, and Northern Ireland[Note 5] | Channel 4 | 1982 | Channel Four Television Corporation | UKIB/C4 |
| S4C | |||||
| S4C | Wales | Sianel 4 Cymru/Channel 4 Wales | 1982 | S4C Authority | UKIB/S4C |
Digital channels[edit]
Besides the main ITV, Channel 4, and S4C channels, there are several digital-only channels (ITV2,ITV3,ITV4,CITVandITVBe) owned byITV plcandE4,More4,Film4,4sevenand4Musicoperated byChannel 4.
Eurovision Song Contest[edit]
TheUnited Kingdom's entries in theEurovision Song Contesthave been entered by theBBCeach time. However, theUnited Kingdom'sJunior Eurovision Song Contestentries were broadcast and selected byITVfrom2003to2005,before ITV withdrew in2006due to low viewing figures. ITV were also set to host the2004contest inManchester,but pulled out of hosting due to financial and scheduling issues, as well as the previous years poor viewing figures. The contest was eventually held inLillehammer,Norway.[7]
S4Cannounced on 9 May 2018 thatWaleswould debut at theJunior Eurovision Song Contest 2018held inMinsk,Belarus.[8]However, S4C withdrew from the contest in2020,citing theCOVID-19 pandemicas the reason for their withdrawal, and have not returned since.[9]On 25 August 2022, it was confirmed that the United Kingdom would return to the contest in2022inYerevan,Armenia,with the BBC replacing ITV as the country's broadcaster.[10]
Notes and references[edit]
Footnotes[edit]
- ^First broadcast in that region and not since the first franchises were held
- ^Up to 1968, the service for the Midlands region was provided byATVfrom Monday to Friday and byABC Weekend TVat weekends.
- ^Up to 1968, the service for a single Northern area consisting of both the current North West region and most of the current Yorkshire region was provided byGranada Televisionfrom Monday to Friday and byABC Weekend TVat weekends.
- ^Coverage was transferred from ITV Border and Tyne Tees to ITV Granada following digital switch-over in the Isle of Man in July 2009.
- ^Now available in Wales but is designated for the rest of the United Kingdom
References[edit]
- ^Barnard, Stephen (2000).Studying Radio.London: Arnold. p. 76.ISBN9780340719664.
- ^"Facts - History".31 May 2015. Archived fromthe originalon 31 May 2015.
- ^"european-broadcasting-union-ebu-directory-cullen-international".yumpu.
- ^"2007 EBU Directory".21 May 2018 – via Internet Archive.
- ^"BFI Screenonline: 1990 Broadcasting Act".screenonline.org.uk.Retrieved7 August2022.
- ^"Channel 3 (ITV)".Ofcom.Retrieved27 September2007.
- ^"Confirmation of Manchester as original host".4 October 2012. Archived fromthe originalon 4 October 2012.
- ^"Chwilio am Seren".junioreurovision.cymru.S4C. 9 May 2018.Retrieved9 May2018.
- ^Farren, Neil (14 July 2020)."Wales: Withdraws From Junior Eurovision".Eurovoix.Retrieved14 July2020.
- ^"United Kingdom returns to Junior Eurovision".Junioreurovision.tv.European Broadcasting Union. 25 August 2022.
